Immobilization of snailase on glutamate modified MIL-88B(Fe) to efficiently convert the rare ginsenoside CK with high enzyme recyclability and stability.

The carboxyl groups on MIL-88B(Fe) are crucial for the covalent immobilization of snailase, and the enzyme can convert common ginsenoside Rb1 into the rare ginsenoside compound K (CK) with higher bioavailability. The present study proposed glutamate-modified MIL-88B(Fe) for the immobilization of snailase to improve enzymatic activity and loading capacity. The surface topography characterized by SEM and CLSM indicated snailase was successfully encapsulated and uniformly distributed in the Sna@MIL-88B(Fe).

One-Step Purification and Immobilization of Glycosyltransferase with Zn-Ni MOF for the Synthesis of Rare Ginsenoside Rh2.

Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucosyltransferases (UGTs) have received increasing attention in the field of ginsenoside Rh2 conversion. By harnessing the metal chelation between transition metal ions and imidazole groups present on His-tagged enzymes, a specific immobilization of the enzyme within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is achieved. This innovative approach not only enhances the stability and reusability of the enzyme but also enables one-step purification and immobilization.

Accountability audit of natural resources and total factor productivity-Evidence based on Chinese listed companies.

Based on a natural event, namely a pilot accountability audit of natural resources conducted by local officials in 2014, this study empirically investigates the impact of the pilot on the total factor productivity (TFP) of enterprises. The study utilizes the Differences-in-Differences model with an observation window spanning from 2012 to 2015. The findings indicate a significant reduction in the total factor productivity of enterprises in the pilot area due to the implementation of the pilot program.

Observing Discrete Blocking Events at a Polarized Micro- or Submicro-Liquid/Liquid Interface.

Single-entity collisional electrochemistry (SECE), a subfield of single-entity electrochemistry, enables directly characterizing entities and particles in the electrolyte solution at the single-entity resolution. Blockade SECE at the traditional solid ultramicroelectrode (UME)/electrolyte interface suffers from a limitation: only redox-inactive particles can be studied. The wide application of the classical Coulter counter is restricted by the rapid translocation of entities through the orifice, which results in a remarkable proportion of undetected signals.

Lysosomal cyst(e)ine storage potentiates tolerance to oxidative stress in cancer cells.

Cyst(e)ine is a key precursor for the synthesis of glutathione (GSH), which protects cancer cells from oxidative stress. Cyst(e)ine is stored in lysosomes, but its role in redox regulation is unclear. Here, we show that breast cancer cells upregulate major facilitator superfamily domain containing 12 (MFSD12) to increase lysosomal cyst(e)ine storage, which is released by cystinosin (CTNS) to maintain GSH levels and buffer oxidative stress.

Leveraged Matrix Completion With Noise.

Completing low-rank matrices from subsampled measurements has received much attention in the past decade. Existing works indicate that O(nrlog(n)) datums are required to theoretically secure the completion of an n ×n noisy matrix of rank r with high probability, under some quite restrictive assumptions: 1) the underlying matrix must be incoherent and 2) observations follow the uniform distribution. The restrictiveness is partially due to ignoring the roles of the leverage score and the oracle information of each element.

Inhibition of DPAGT1 suppresses HER2 shedding and trastuzumab resistance in human breast cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeted (HER2-targeted) therapy is the mainstay of treatment for HER2+ breast cancer. However, the proteolytic cleavage of HER2, or HER2 shedding, induces the release of the target epitope at the ectodomain (ECD) and the generation of a constitutively active intracellular fragment (p95HER2), impeding the effectiveness of anti-HER2 therapy. Therefore, identifying key regulators in HER2 shedding might provide promising targetable vulnerabilities against resistance.

A Wnt-induced lncRNA-DGCR5 splicing switch drives tumor-promoting inflammation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Alternative splicing (AS) is a critical mechanism for the aberrant biogenesis of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Although the role of Wnt signaling in AS has been implicated, it remains unclear how it mediates lncRNA splicing during cancer progression. Herein, we identify that Wnt3a induces a splicing switch of lncRNA-DGCR5 to generate a short variant (DGCR5-S) that correlates with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

The phospholipid flippase ATP9A enhances macropinocytosis to promote nutrient starvation tolerance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Macropinocytosis is an effective strategy to mitigate nutrient starvation. It can fuel cancer cell growth in nutrient-limited conditions. However, whether and how macropinocytosis contributes to the rapid proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which frequently experience an inadequate nutrient supply, remains unclear.

Heavy metals reshaping the structure and function of phylloplane bacterial community of native plant Tamarix ramosissima from Pb/Cd/Cu/Zn smelting regions.

Heavy metal (HM) is noxious element that cannot be biodegraded, thus accumulating in the environment and posing a serious threat to the ecology. Plant phylloplane harbors diverse microbial communities that profoundly influence ecosystem functioning and host health. With more HM accumulating around smelters, native plants and microbes in various habitats tend to suffer from HM.

BAG2 drives chemoresistance of breast cancer by exacerbating mutant p53 aggregate.

Chemoresistance is a major challenge in the clinical management of patients with breast cancer. Mutant p53 proteins tend to form aggregates that promote tumorigenesis in cancers. We here aimed to explore the mechanism for the generation of mutant p53 aggregates in breast cancer and assess its role in inducing chemoresistance.

Quantized Collision/Fusion Events of Anionic Ionosomes at a Polarized Soft Micro-Interface.

Single-entity collisional electrochemistry (SECE) can capture physicochemical information at the single entity level. In the present work, we systematically studied in-situ generation and detection of single anionic ionosomes via SECE combined with a miniaturized interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). Ionosome is an ionic-bilayer encapsulated nanoscopic water cluster/droplet that carries a net charge.

MEX3C-Mediated Decay of SOCS3 mRNA Promotes JAK2/STAT3 Signaling to Facilitate Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Tumor metastasis is one of the major causes of high mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sustained activation of STAT3 signaling plays a critical role in HCC metastasis. RNA binding protein (RBP)-mediated posttranscriptional regulation is involved in the precise control of signal transduction, including STAT3 signaling.

Prognostic value of comprehensive typing based on m6A and gene cluster in TNBC.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is resistant to targeted therapy with HER2 monoclonal antibodies and endocrine therapy, because it lacks the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC is a subtype of breast cancer with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rate compared to other subtypes. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is significant in cancer and metastasis, because it can alter gene expression and function at numerous levels, such as RNA splicing, stability, translocation, and translation.

Responses of microbial communities and metabolic profiles to the rhizosphere of Tamarix ramosissima in soils contaminated by multiple heavy metals.

Heavy metals (HMs) contamination around smelters poses serious stress to soil microbiome. However, the co-effect of multiple HMs and native vegetation rhizosphere on the soil ecosystem remains unclear. Herein, effects of high HMs level and the rhizosphere (Tamarix ramosissima) on soil bacterial community structure and metabolic profiles in sierozem were analyzed by coupling high-throughput sequencing and soil metabolomics.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes subtypes as new predictors for neoadjuvant therapy efficacy in breast cancer.

Background: Host immunity plays an important role in tumor development and treatment. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been proven to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in breast cancer (BC) patients, but their application is limited due to various reasons. This study aims to explore the relationship between peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) subsets distribution and the efficacy of NAT.

Androgen receptor expression and its prognostic value in T1N0 luminal/HER2- breast cancer.

The authors aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of androgen receptor (AR) expression in patients with luminal/human EGFR2 negative (HER2-) T1N0 breast cancer. The cohort in this retrospective study comprised 471 patients with luminal/HER2- T1N0 breast cancer who had undergone surgery between 2013 and 2017 in the authors' center. AR+ tumors were associated with favorable characteristics.

Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14C promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression via sustaining inactive glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is fast-growing and highly metastatic with the poorest prognosis among the breast cancer subtypes. Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) plays a vital role in the aggressiveness of TNBC; however, the underlying mechanism for sustained GSK3β inhibition remains largely unknown. Here, we find that protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14C (PPP1R14C) is upregulated in TNBC and relevant to poor prognosis in patients.

Nomogram to Predict Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer Patients.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play important roles in the prediction of prognosis and neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) efficacy in breast cancer (BRCA) patients, in this study, we identified clinicopathological factors related to BRCA TILs, then to construct and validate nomogram to predict high density of TILs. A total of 826 patients diagnosed with BRCA in Sun Yat-Sen University cancer center were enrolled in nomogram cohort. TILs were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining by two pathologists.

Nicotine-mediated OTUD3 downregulation inhibits VEGF-C mRNA decay to promote lymphatic metastasis of human esophageal cancer.

Nicotine addiction and the occurrence of lymph node spread are two major significant factors associated with esophageal cancer's poor prognosis; however, nicotine's role in inducing lymphatic metastasis of esophageal cancer remains unclear. Here we show that OTU domain-containing protein 3 (OTUD3) is downregulated by nicotine and correlates with poor prognosis in heavy-smoking esophageal cancer patients. OTUD3 directly interacts with ZFP36 ring finger protein (ZFP36) and stabilizes it by inhibiting FBXW7-mediated K48-linked polyubiquitination.

Identification of Immune-Related Risk Characteristics and Prognostic Value of Immunophenotyping in TNBC.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not sensitive to targeted therapy with HER-2 monoclonal antibody and endocrine therapy due to lack of ER, PR, and HER-2 receptors. TNBC is a breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rate compared with other subtypes. Breast cancer-related data were retrieved from (TCGA) database, and 116 cases of triple-negative breast cancer were identified from the data.

Identification of Key Genes Affecting the Tumor Microenvironment and Prognosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Although the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development of many cancers, its roles in breast cancer, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), are not well studied. This study aimed to identify genes related to the TME and prognosis of TNBC. Firstly, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the TME of TNBC, using Expression data (ESTIMATE) datasets obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues.

Faradaic Counter for Liposomes Loaded with Potassium, Sodium Ions, or Protonated Dopamine.

Collisional electrochemistry between single particles and a biomimetic polarized micro-liquid/liquid interface has emerged as a novel and powerful analytical method for measurements of single particles. Using this platform, rapid detection of liposomes at the single particle level is reported herein. Individual potassium, sodium, or protonated dopamine-encapsulated (pristine or protein-decorated) liposomes collide and fuse with the polarized micro-liquid/liquid interface accompanying the release of ions, which are recorded as spike-like current transients of stochastic nature.

Ionosomes: Observation of Ionic Bilayer Water Clusters.

Emulsification of immiscible two-phase fluids, i.e., one condensed phase dispersed homogeneously as tiny droplets in an outer continuous medium, plays a key role in medicine, food, chemical separations, cosmetics, fabrication of micro- and nanoparticles and capsules, and dynamic optics.

Nicotine-Induced ILF2 Facilitates Nuclear mRNA Export of Pluripotency Factors to Promote Stemness and Chemoresistance in Human Esophageal Cancer.

Balancing mRNA nuclear export kinetics with its nuclear decay is critical for mRNA homeostasis control. How this equilibrium is aberrantly disrupted in esophageal cancer to acquire cancer stem cell properties remains unclear. Here we find that the RNA-binding protein interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 (ILF2) is robustly upregulated by nicotine, a major chemical component of tobacco smoke, via activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling and significantly correlates with poor prognosis in heavy-smoking patients with esophageal cancer.