Revealing the distribution and change of abandoned cropland in Ukraine based on dual period change detection method.

Since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022, Ukraine has experienced different types of abandoned cropland, such as unused and unattended cropland, as a result of war damage, agricultural infrastructure destruction, and refugee outflows. Common methods for detecting abandoned cropland have difficulty effectively identifying and distinguishing these different types. This study proposes a Dual-period Change Detection method to reveal the spatial distribution and changes of different types of abandoned cropland in Ukraine, which can aid in agricultural assessments and international assistance in conflict-affected areas.

Interplay between gut microbial communities and metabolites modulates pan-cancer immunotherapy responses.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but remains effective in only a subset of patients. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiome and its metabolites critically influence ICB efficacy. In this study, we performed a multi-omics analysis of fecal microbiomes and metabolomes from 165 patients undergoing anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy, identifying microbial and metabolic entities associated with treatment response.

N-Heterocyclic functionalized chalcone derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents for atopic dermatitis treatment by inhibiting JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is difficult to cure as a chronic inflammatory skin disease. In the present study, a series of N-heterocyclic functionalized chalcone derivatives have been prepared to investigate their in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. The results indicated that many derivatives could effectively inhibit NO generation with low toxicity.

Seeking materials from nature for interrupting eye damage: Ultraviolet to blue light blocking clear cellulose films enabled by curcumin.

The harms caused by ultraviolet (UV) and blue light to eyes are attracting momentous concern due to growing exposure to artificial illumination and modern IT devices. Herein, a simple and eco-friendly adsorption approach was employed to integrate curcumin, a natural bioactive compound, into the cellulose substrate for the development of flexible and biodegradable filters capable of blocking harmful light. The curcumin/cellulose films demonstrate excellent UV-screening competence and photostability, with UV-A and UV-B screening ratios ranging from 92.

Construction of multifunctional interface engineering on Cu-SSZ-13@Ce-MnO/Mesoporous-silica catalyst for boosting activity, SO tolerance and hydrothermal stability.

Although small pore Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts have been successful as commercial catalysts for controlling NO emissions from mobile sources, the challenges of high light-off temperature, SO tolerance and hydrothermal stability still need to be addressed. Here, we synthesized a multifunctional core-shell catalyst with Cu-SSZ-13 as the core phase and Ce-MnO supported Mesoporous-silica (Meso-SiO) as the shell phase via self-assembly and impregnation. The core-shell catalyst exhibited excellent low-temperature activity, SO tolerance and hydrothermal stability compared to the Cu-SSZ-13.

Nanoencapsulated MgBu@ZIF-67 to Construct High Loading Mg-Co@C Nanocomposites: Breaking Through the Barrier of Room Temperature Onset Dehydrogenation.

The synergies of nanoconfinement and catalysis is an effective strategy to improve the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of Mg-based materials. However, obtaining Mg-based materials with high loading, anti-aggregation, and containing nanocatalysts to achieve dehydrogenation at room temperature remains a huge challenge. Herein, a novel and universal preparation strategy for Mg-Co@C nanocomposites with 9.

Dysregulated microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs associated with extracellular matrix stiffness.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness regulates development and homeostasis in vivo and affects both physiological and pathological processes. A variety of studies have demonstrated that mRNAs, such as Piezo1, integrin β1, and Yes-associated protein (YAP)/tafazzin (TAZ), can sense the mechanical signals induced by ECM stiffness and transmit them from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been reported to play important roles in various cellular processes.

Design of Key Technologies for Elderly Public Network Services Based on Intelligent Recommendations.

As the world's population continues to increase, the proportion of elderly people is also rising. The existing elderly public service system is no longer able to meet the needs of the elderly for their daily lives. The elderly population is significantly less receptive to emerging matters than the younger population, resulting in the public elderly service system not being able to access the initial data of elderly users in a timely manner, which causes the system to make incorrect recommendations.

Efficient removal of heavy metal ions by diethylenetriaminepenta (methylene phosphonic) acid-doped hydroxyapatite.

Diethylenetriaminepenta (methylene phosphonic) acid (DTPMP) was first used as a dopant to modify hydroxyapatite and applied to remove Pb. The adsorption capacity of modified hydroxyapatite for Pb can reach 2185.92 mg/g, which was 10.

A vector whitefly endocytic receptor facilitates the entry of begomoviruses into its midgut cells via binding to virion capsid proteins.

Many circulative plant viruses transmitted by insect vectors are devastating to agriculture worldwide. The midgut wall of vector insects represents a major barrier and at the same time the key gate a circulative plant virus must cross for productive transmission. However, how these viruses enter insect midgut cells remains poorly understood.

Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials by means of phytic acid for uranium enrichment.

A promising strategy for radionuclides immobilization on the functionalized carbon-based materials is a pursuing issue. Here, we developed phosphorylated hydrothermal carbon spheres (HCSs@PO) through chemical-grafted method using phytic acid as a phosphorus source. When served as U(VI) scavenger from simulated environmental wastewater, the resulting HCSs@PO showed excellent adsorption capacity toward U(VI) (552.

Implication of whitefly vesicle associated membrane protein-associated protein B in the transmission of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) poses serious threat to tomato production worldwide, and the vector, Bemisia tabaci, plays a key role in the transmission of this virus. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the transmission remain poorly understood. In this study, firstly, we identified the whitefly proteins that presumably interact with TYLCV coat protein (CP) using split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid system.

Comparative proteomic analysis provides new insight into differential transmission of two begomoviruses by a whitefly.

Background: Viruses in the genus Begomovirus (Family Geminiviridae) include many important economic plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex. In general, different begomoviruses may be acquired and transmitted by the same whitefly species with different efficiencies. For example, the species Mediterranean (MED) in this whitefly species complex transmits tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) at a higher efficiency than papaya leaf curl China virus (PaLCuCNV).

Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Near Uranium Tailings, Beishan City, China.

To evaluate the impact of uranium tailings on soil composition and soil microbial, six soil samples at different distance from the uranium tailings (Beishan City, China) were collected for further analysis. Concentrations of radionuclides (U and Th), heavy metals (Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb) and organochlorine pesticide were determined by ICP-MS and GC, they were significantly higher than those of the control. And the Average Well Color Development as well as the Shannon, the Evenness, and the Simpson index were calculated to evaluate the soil microbial diversity.

An experimental investigation on the speed of sand flow through a fixed porous bed.

In this study, we document several experiments that investigate the speed of the flow of fine sand through a fixed porous bed of packed glass beads under various conditions, including the height of the sand column (H) and porous bed (h) and the diameter of the glass beads (D) and sand grains (d). The experiments are conducted with glass beads packed at a constant density and sand at a different dry bulk density. The results show that the height of the sand does not affect the speed of the sand flow.