Organ Function Preservation in Locally Advanced Low Rectal Cancer Through Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is a common malignancy that is often managed with neoadjuvant radiotherapy to downstage the tumor and increase the rate of complete response. Recent evidence suggests that total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) may further improve complete response rates and overall survival compared to conventional treatment methods. This case report describes a 61-year-old male patient with LARC who achieved a clinical complete response following TNT.

Manipulating Photoconduction in Supramolecular Networks for Solar-Driven Nitrate Conversion to Ammonia and Oxygen.

For photoelectrodes to be used in practical catalytic applications, challenges exist in achieving the efficient production and transport of photogenerated charge-separated states. Analogous concepts in traditional inorganic photoelectrodes can be applied to their organic-polymer counterparts with improved charge-separation efficiencies. In this work, we develop photoconductive organic networks to form a high-performance photoelectrode for NO reduction to NH.

Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (G-EAC) represents a rare variant of cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma that is typically unrelated to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. G-EAC exhibits highly atypical clinical presentations and characteristics, and aggressive biological behavior often leads to challenges in timely diagnosis. Here, we present a case study involving a 74-year-old Chinese woman who experienced urinary incontinence for one month.

Charge Photoaccumulation in Covalent Polymer Networks for Boosting Photocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

In the design of photoelectrocatalytic cells, a key element is effective photogeneration of electron-hole pairs to drive redox activation of catalysts. Despite recent progress in photoelectrocatalysis, experimental realization of a high-performance photocathode for multi-electron reduction of chemicals, such as nitrate reduction to ammonia, has remained a challenge due to difficulty in obtaining efficient electrode configurations for extraction of high-throughput electrons from absorbed photons. This work describes a new design for catalytic photoelectrodes using chromophore assembly-functionalized covalent networks for boosting eight-electron reduction of nitrate to ammonia.

The application of a 4D-printed chitosan-based stem cell carrier for the repair of corneal alkali burns.

Background: Corneal alkali burns can lead to ulceration, perforation, and even corneal blindness due to epithelial defects and extensive cell necrosis, resulting in poor healing outcomes. Previous studies have found that chitosan-based in situ hydrogel loaded with limbal epithelium stem cells (LESCs) has a certain reparative effect on corneal alkali burns. However, the inconsistent pore sizes of the carriers and low cell loading rates have resulted in suboptimal repair outcomes.

Astaxanthin Augmented the Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Efficacy of Sorafenib Through the Inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway and Mitigation of Hypoxia within the Tumor Microenvironment.

Scope: The optimization of anti-cancer drug effectiveness through dietary modifications has garnered significant attention among researchers in recent times. Astaxanthin (AST) has been identified as a safe and biologically active dietary supplement.

Methods And Results: The tumor-bearing mice are treated with sorafenib, along with supplementation of 60 mg kg AST during the treatment.

Five-year disease-free survival of Epstein-Barr virus-associated locoregionally advanced undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with chemo-radiotherapy: a case report.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a tumor caused by epithelial cells covering the surface of the nasopharynx. NPC only accounted for less than 1% of all cancers diagnosed worldwide. However, the global incidence rates are highest in southern China.

Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition and facilitates HCC progression by regulating Snail expression.

Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its expression is positively correlated with poor prognosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this connection are poorly understood. Hence, the present work aimed to examine the possible mechanisms which may be useful in identifying a potential therapeutic strategy.

Overexpression of ADAM9 decreases radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cell by activating autophagy.

A disintegrin and a metalloprotease (ADAM)9 upregulated within human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, but its effect on HCC radiosensitivity remains unknown. The present work aimed to examine the effect of ADAM9 on HCC radiosensitivity and to reveal its possible mechanism, which may be helpful in identifying a potential therapeutic strategy. Changes in ADAM9 expression after X-ray irradiation were identified using western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence.

piR-hsa-211106 Inhibits the Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma Through Pyruvate Carboxylase and Enhances Chemotherapy Sensitivity.

Although the importance of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in cancer has recently been recognized, studies on the role and functional mechanism of piRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development and progression are limited. In this study, we identified 10 differently expressed piRNAs in LUAD tissues compared to normal tissues, among which, piR-hsa-211106 expression levels were downregulated in LUAD tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, the effects of piR-hsa-211106 on the malignant phenotypes and chemosensitivity of LUAD cells were detected by gain- and loss-of-function analyses and , which showed that piR-hsa-211106 inhibited LUAD cell proliferation, tumor growth, and migration, but promoted apoptosis.

Effect of fucoidan on ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis in mice and the underlying mechanism.

Background: Alcoholic liver disease is caused as a result of chronic alcohol consumption. In this study, we used an alcoholic liver injury mouse model to investigate the effect of fucoidan on ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: All mice were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) model group, 3) diammonium glycyrrhizinate treatment group (200 mg/kg body weight), and 4) fucoidan treatment group (300 mg/kg body weight).

Promoter Methylation of DNA Repair Genes Predicts Disease-free Survival of Gastric Adenocarcinoma after Adjuvant Radiotherapy.

The relentless debate on postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) has been lasting for decades. In this study, a new biomarker, named promoter methylation burden of DNA repair genes (RPMB), was established to identify the subgroup of patients who might benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. Methylation profiles of 397 GA tumor samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Protective effect of trimetazidine in radiation-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice.

Radiation-induced heart damage is a serious side effect caused by radiotherapy, especially during the treatment of cancer near the chest. Trimetazidine is effective at reducing inflammation in the heart, but how it affects radiation-induced cardiac fibrosis (RICF) is unknown. To investigate the potential effect and molecular mechanism, we designed this project with a C57BL6 male mouse model supposing trimetazidine could inhibit RICF in mice.

TRIM23 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor and contributes to carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer.

The tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins play a great role in carcinogenesis. However, the expression pattern, prognostic value and biological functions of tripartite motif containing 23 (TRIM23) in colorectal cancer (CRC) are poorly understood. Here, we found that TRIM23 is up-regulated and associated with tumour size, lymph node metastasis, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage and poor prognosis in CRC.

Prognostic Significance of Serum Uric Acid and Gamma-Glutamyltransferase in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: In this study, we aim to evaluate the prognostic role of serum uric acid and gamma-glutamyltransferase in advanced gastric cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 180 patients pathologically diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer were included in this retrospective study. We used time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to identify the optimal cut-off value of serum uric acid (UA) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT).

Fucoidan Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits EMT of Breast Cancer Cells.

Fucoidan is an active component of seaweed, and could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptotic cell death in several tumor cells. However, the function of fucoidan in breast cancer is largely unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-cancer potential of fucoidan in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

RBBP7 is a prognostic biomarker in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Retinoblastoma-binding protein 7 (RBBP7) is an important component of several complexes that regulate chromatin metabolism. It is overexpressed in certain cancer types and serves conflicting roles in tumor progression. In the present study, the expression and roles of RBBP7 were explored in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Hyaluronidase Enzyme-responsive Targeted Nanoparticles for Effective Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil in Colon Cancer.

Purpose: In this study, we have successfully prepared the hyaluronic acid (HA)-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to increase the anticancer efficacy in colon cancers.

Methods: The particles were nanosized and perfectly spherical. In vitro release kinetics clearly showed the enzyme-sensitive release of 5-FU from HA-conjugated 5-FU loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HA/FMSN).

The Protective and Immunomodulatory Effects of Fucoidan Against 7,12-Dimethyl benz[a]anthracene-Induced Experimental Mammary Carcinogenesis Through the PD1/PDL1 Signaling Pathway in Rats.

Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that is extracted from brown algae seaweed. This study was designed to evaluate the protective and immunomodulatory effects of dietary fucoidan on 7,12-dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced experimental mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups: the control group (control group), the cancer model group (model group), and the F1 and F2 groups, which were fed fucoidan at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/kg·body weight, respectively.

Caspase-dependent and caspase-independent induction of apoptosis in breast cancer by fucoidan via the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Unlabelled: Purpose Fucoidan, a complex, sulfated polysaccharide obtained from brown seaweed, exerted anticancer activity through the down-regulation of β-catenin signaling in mouse breast cancer cells in our previous study. This study examines the anti-cancer effects of fucoidan as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms in the human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line and in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced experimental mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Methods in vitro studies, fluorescent staining, flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to analyze apoptosis and protein expression in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.

Apoptosis is induced by docosahexaenoic acid in breast cancer cells via death receptor and mitochondria-mediated pathways.

In the present study, the antitumor effect of n‑3 fatty acid was evaluated, and the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the induction of apoptosis and its underlying mechanism were examined. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis were performed to analyze apoptosis and the expression of protein factors in human breast cancer cells. The data revealed that DHA inhibited the viability of MCF‑7 breast cancer cells in vitro, and promoted cell death by the induction of apoptosis.

Therapeutic effects of cytoprotective agent on breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery.

Most patients will choose breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery, while radiotherapy will damage skin and soft tissue so that will have adverse effect on reconstruction. In this study, we assume that the usage of Amifostine can reduce the incidence of complications after breast reconstruction so that provides more choices of reconstruction operation. Dividing SD rats into surgical placement expansion material group (include 15 ml normal saline) and simple operation group.

Downregulation of P-gp, Ras and p-ERK1/2 contributes to the arsenic trioxide-induced reduction in drug resistance towards doxorubicin in gastric cancer cell lines.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) to doxorubicin (DOX) limits its effectiveness against tumor cells. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been reported to reduce MDR in various types of cancer, but the mechanisms involving Ras and p-glycoprotein (P-gp) remain to be fully elucidated. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate As2O3 in reversing MDR to DOX, and to identify the association in antitumor activities between the effectiveness of DOX and Ras/phosphorylated (p‑) extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling in SGC7901/ADM and SGC7901/S human gastric cancer cell lines.

A comparative study of 18F-FDG PET/CT and ultrasonography in the diagnosis of breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG-PET/CT (PET/CT) with ultrasonography (US) in detection of primary breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes (ALN) metastasis of breast cancer.

Methods: One hundred and sixty four patients with breast carcinoma were recruited and analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent PET-CT and US.