Effects of γ-polyglutamic acid on the rheological, microstructural and sensory properties of low-fat yogurt.

Background: While low-fat yogurt offers numerous health benefits, its texture and sensory qualities are poor. This study aimed to investigate the effects of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) on the rheological, microstructural and sensory properties of low-fat yogurt using rheological tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and sensory evaluation.

Results: The results showed that the syneresis of low-fat yogurt added with 0.

Clinical significance of serum estradiol monitoring in women receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor for hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer.

Purpose: The limited understanding of long-term estradiol (E2) suppression poses challenges to the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitors (AI), necessitating comprehensive serum E2 monitoring to address this issue. Therefore, our objective was to investigate serum E2 levels in women undergoing adjuvant AI treatment and evaluate the significance of such monitoring.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we recruited women who had received adjuvant AI treatment, including those who underwent ovarian function suppression (OFS).

Effect of ultrasound-pretreated starch on the formation, structure and digestibility of starch ternary complexes from lauric acid and β-lactoglobulin.

Starch, lipids, and proteins are key macronutrients in starchy foods. Their interactions during processing can form starch-lipid-protein ternary complexes, significantly affecting food quality. Ultrasonic treatment, as a common processing method, is expected to regulate the quality of starchy foods by influencing the formation of ternary complexes.

Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy with amplified fs pulse bursts.

We present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) spectroscopy in which a hyper spectral resolution and high-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse bursts. We investigate the method by solving the coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations and validate it by numerically characterizing SRS in molecular nitrogen as a model compound. The spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse separation.

PIWI-interacting RNA-YBX1 inhibits proliferation and metastasis by the MAPK signaling pathway via YBX1 in triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women worldwide, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) having the worst prognosis. Although there are numerous studies on TNBC, there is no effective treatment for it, and it is still a major problem today. Studies on PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are increasing and investigating the mechanism of piRNAs in the proliferation and metastasis of TNBC may lead to new potential treatment targets.

Emulsifying properties of O/W emulsion stabilized by soy protein isolate and γ-polyglutamic acid electrostatic complex.

In order to improve the emulsifying properties of soy protein around isoelectric point, soy protein isolate (SPI) and γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) complexes were prepared by electrostatic interaction. The formation of SPI-γ-PGA electrostatic complex and emulsifying properties were investigated by monitoring turbidity, zeta potential, intrinsic fluorophores, emulsion characterization, and microstructure observation. The results showed that the formation of SPI-γ-PGA electrostatic complex was identified through turbidimetric analysis and zeta-potential measurement.

Physicochemical properties of different size fractions of potato starch cultivated in Highland China.

Location influences the properties of potato starch. Potato starch granules cultivated in highland of China were separated into three fractions according to the sedimentation time: large- (∼81 μm, large fraction potato starch, LFPS), medium- (∼28 μm, medium fraction potato starch, MFPS), and small-size (∼15 μm, small fraction potato starch, SFPS) fractions. SFPS showed a spherical shape, MFPS showed an ellipsoid shape and LFPS showed an elongated shape.

Self-compression of femtosecond laser pulses in ambient air through conical radiation.

We demonstrate self-compression of 98 fs near-infrared laser pulses down to 8.8 fs in ambient air, utilizing self-phase modulation in air and negative dispersion in the properties of a laser-induced plasma. The blueshifted pulses achieve self-compression through conical radiation, eliminating the need for additional dispersion compensation.

Identification of lactate-related subgroups and prognostic model in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer that exhibits elevated glycolytic capacity. Lactate, as a byproduct of glycolysis, is considered a major oncometabolite that plays an important role in oncogenesis and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. However, the potential roles of lactate in TNBC are not yet fully understood.

Blood and CSF chemokines in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Chemokines, which are chemotactic inflammatory mediators involved in controlling the migration and residence of all immune cells, are closely associated with brain inflammation, recognized as one of the potential processes/mechanisms associated with cognitive impairment. We aim to determine the chemokines which are significantly altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as well as the respective effect sizes, by performing a meta-analysis of chemokines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood (plasma or serum).

Methods: We searched three databases (Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane library) for studies regarding chemokines.

What is the appropriate genetic testing criteria for breast cancer in the Chinese population?-Analysis of genetic and clinical features from a single cancer center database.

Background: Genetic testing plays an important role in guiding screening, diagnosis, and precision treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, the appropriate genetic testing criteria remain controversial. The current study aims to facilitate the development of suitable strategies by analyzing the germline mutational profiles and clinicopathological features of large-scale Chinese BC patients.

Banxia Xiexin decoction alleviates AS co-depression disease by regulating the gut microbiome-lipid metabolic axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic Chinese herbal formulation consisting of 7 herbs including Pinelliae Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Jujubae Fructus, which can exert effects on lowering lipids and alleviating depressive mood disorders via affecting gastrointestinal tract.

Aim Of The Study: The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS) co-depression disease has not been well studied, and the current clinical treatment strategies are not satisfactory. As a result, it is critical to find novel methods of treatment.

Effect of γ-polyglutamic acid on the physicochemical properties of soybean protein isolate-stabilized O/W emulsion.

An increased interest has been observed in the application of soybean protein isolate (SPI) into O/W emulsion because of the amphipathic characteristics of SPI. However, at pH around 4.5, SPI was almost lost its hydrophilic characteristic, thus greatly limiting its application in emulsion under an acidic environment.

Carrier envelope phase sensitivity of photoelectron circular dichroism.

We report on a combined experimental and numerical study of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) induced by intense few-cycle laser pulses, using methyloxirane as the molecular example. Our experiments reveal a remarkably pronounced sensitivity of the PECD strength of double-ionization on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the laser pulses. By comparison to the simulations, which reproduce the measured CEP-dependence for specific orientations of the molecules in the lab frame, we attribute the origin of the observed CEP-dependence of PECD to the CEP-induced modulation of ionization from different areas of the wave functions of three dominant orbitals.

The Single-Cell Landscape of Intratumoral Heterogeneity and The Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Liver and Brain Metastases of Breast Cancer.

Distant metastasis remains the major cause of morbidity for breast cancer. Individuals with liver or brain metastasis have an extremely poor prognosis and low response rates to anti-PD-1/L1 immune checkpoint therapy compared to those with metastasis at other sites. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the underlying mechanism of anti-PD-1/L1 resistance and develop more effective immunotherapy strategies for these patients.

Effect of antioxidant intake patterns on risks of dementia and cognitive decline.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that increased antioxidant intakes might reduce risk of cognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Which avenue of antioxidant intake (vitamin E/C) is more effective for decreasing risk, however, is largely unknown.

Objectives: To quantitatively investigate the relationships between the pattern of antioxidant intakes and risks of dementia and cognitive decline.

Blood and CSF Homocysteine Levels in Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Case-Control Studies.

Objective: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), as an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), would aggravate cognitive dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate whether and to what degree the homocysteine (Hcy) levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were elevated in AD patients compared with healthy controls and to explore the factors related to the elevated Hcy levels in AD patients.

Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify eligible studies, and study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.

Pseudoangiosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma: a rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma that needs to be differentiated from angiosarcoma and has a poor prognosis.

This study aimed to investigate the formation mechanism of  Pseudoangiosarcoma squamous cell carcinoma (PASCC). The researchers reviewed ten cases of PASCC and summarize their clinical outcomes, pathological morphological traits, immunophenotypes, treatment plans and the corresponding follow-up data. Results showed that the pathological morphology revealed complex reticular structures, where numerous tracts of anastomose, and lacunar structures lined with atypical neoplastic cells, which resembles the histopathological appearance of angiosarcoma.

Integrative Analysis of KCNK Genes and Establishment of a Specific Prognostic Signature for Breast Cancer.

Two-pore domains potassium channel subunits, encoded by KCNK genes, play vital roles in breast cancer progression. However, the characteristics of most KCNK genes in breast cancer has yet to be clarified. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression, alteration, prognosis, and biological functions of various KCNKs in breast cancer.

Establishment of a Cell Necroptosis Index to Predict Prognosis and Drug Sensitivity for Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Necroptosis has been an alternatively identified mechanism of programmed cancer cell death, which plays a significant role in cancer. However, research about necroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer are still few. Moreover, the potentially prognostic value of necroptosis-related lncRNAs and their correlation with the immune microenvironment remains unclear.

N6-methyladenosine regulated FGFR4 attenuates ferroptotic cell death in recalcitrant HER2-positive breast cancer.

Intrinsic and acquired anti-HER2 resistance remains a major hurdle for treating HER2-positive breast cancer. Using genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening in vitro and in vivo, we identify FGFR4 as an essential gene following anti-HER2 treatment. FGFR4 inhibition enhances susceptibility to anti-HER2 therapy in resistant breast cancer.

Abietane diterpenoids with neuroprotective activities from .

Two new abietane diterpenoids, phlecarinatone A () and phlecarinatone B (), along with two known analogues ( and ), were isolated from . The structures of were unambiguously elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. Abietane diterpenoids were isolated from the plant for the first time.

Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression and DNA Methylation Depicting the Impact of Obesity on Breast Cancer.

Obesity has been reported to be a risk factor for breast cancer, but how obesity affects breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. Although body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used reference for obesity, it is insufficient to evaluate the obesity-related pathophysiological changes in breast tissue. The purpose of this study is to establish a DNA-methylation-based biomarker for BMI (DM-BMI) and explore the connection between obesity and BC.