Genotype, environment, and genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions play a critical role in shaping crop phenotypes. Here, a large-scale, multi-environment hybrid maize dataset is used to construct and validate an automated machine learning framework that integrates environmental and genomic data for improved accuracy and efficiency in genetic analyses and genomic predictions. Dimensionality-reduced environmental parameters (RD_EPs) aligned with developmental stages are applied to establish linear relationships between RD_EPs and traits to assess the influence of environment on phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe insufficient structure and interfacial stability of O3-type layered oxide cathode materials hinder their practical application in sodium-ion batteries, particularly at high temperatures. In this study, a thin, island-like NaTi(PO) coating layer (∼15 nm) is constructed on the surface of NaNiFeMnO through an reaction involving nano-TiO, NaCO and NHHPO. During the high-temperature calcination process, partial Ti-atom diffusion into the NaNiFeMnO lattice results in the expansion of the interslab of the sodium layer and a reduction in lattice oxygen vacancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRechargeable Zn-air batteries (RZABs) are poised for industrial application, yet they require low-cost, high-performance catalysts that efficiently facilitate both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The pivotal challenge lies in designing multimetal active sites and optimizing the carbon skeleton structure to modulate catalyst activity. In this study, we introduce a novel hierarchical porous carbon-supported FeCoNi bifunctional catalyst, synthesized via a spray combustion method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow snow leopard gradually adapted to the extreme environments in Tibet remains unexplored due to the scanty fossil record in Tibet. Here, we recognize five valid outside-Tibet records of the snow leopard lineage. Our results suggest that the snow leopard dispersed out of the Tibetan Plateau multiple times during the Quaternary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrought is one of the most serious environmental stresses affecting crop production. NAC transcription factors play a crucial role in responding to various abiotic stresses in plants. Here, we identified a maize NAC transcription factor, , between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive inbred lines through RNA-seq analysis and characterized its function in .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDorper sheep is popular among farming enterprises with strong adaptability, disease resistance, and roughage tolerance, and an unique characteristic of natural shedding of wool. In a large number of observations on experimental sheep farms, it was found that the wool of some sheep still had not shed after May, thus manual shearing was required. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of normal hair follicles (HFs) development is crucial to revealing the improvement of sheep wool-related traits and mammalian skin-related traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dorper sheep are celebrated for their fast maturation and superior meat quality, with some shedding their wool each spring. Wool shedding occurs naturally due to the hair follicle (HF) cycle, but its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear and need further investigation.
Results: In this study, shedding and non-shedding sheep were selected from the same Dorper flock.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
The nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) is a highly precise molecular assembly machinery for synthesizing structurally diverse peptides, which have broad medicinal applications. Withinthe NRPS, the condensation (C) domain is a core catalytic domain responsible for the formation of amide bonds between individual monomer residues during peptide elongation. This review summarizes various aspects of the C domain, including its structural characteristics, catalytic mechanisms, substrate specificity, substrate gating function, and auxiliary functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials with Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) anionic configuration contain promising lithium-ion conductors. In the HCP anionic structure, when the non-lithium cations occupy the octahedral sites (the important diffusion channels for lithium ions), it is not known whether the nature of fast lithium-ion diffusion will be retained. This work systematically studied the lithium-ion diffusion properties of LiNbO as well as its doped phases on the basis of first-principles calculations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniofac Surg
January 2025
Large metacarpal and phalangeal bone defects are a hot topic for orthopedic surgeons due to its high clinical incidence, disability rate, and postsurgical amputation rate, along with its difficult treatment, long treatment course, high cost, and poor effect, all of which have a negative impact on the appearance and function of the patient's hands. There are currently a variety of treatment options for large metacarpal and phalangeal bone defects, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. However, there is no treatment method capable of perfectly resolving all the problems of patients with these defects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonribosomal peptides (NRPs) are biosynthesized by nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and are widely distributed in both terrestrial and marine organisms. Many NRPs and their analogs are biologically active and serve as therapeutic agents. The adenylation (A) domain is a key catalytic domain that primarily controls the sequence of a product during the assembling of NRPs and thus plays a predominant role in the structural diversity of NRPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarnessing cutting-edge technologies to enhance crop productivity is a pivotal goal in modern plant breeding. Artificial intelligence (AI) is renowned for its prowess in big data analysis and pattern recognition, and is revolutionizing numerous scientific domains including plant breeding. We explore the wider potential of AI tools in various facets of breeding, including data collection, unlocking genetic diversity within genebanks, and bridging the genotype-phenotype gap to facilitate crop breeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpedance cardiography (ICG) plays a crucial role in clinically evaluating cardiac systolic and diastolic functions, along with various other cardiac parameters. However, its accuracy heavily depends on precisely identifying feature points reflecting cardiac function. Moreover, traditional signal processing techniques used to mitigate random noise and breathing artifacts may inadvertently distort the amplitude and temporal characteristics of ICG signals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe matching of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based electrolytes with ultrahigh-nickel cathode materials is crucial for designing new-generation high-energy-density solid-state lithium metal batteries (SLMBs), but it is limited by serious interfacial side reactions between PEO and ultrahigh-nickel materials. Here, a high-concentration electrolyte (HCE) interface with a customized Li solvation sheath is constructed between the cathode and the electrolyte. It induces the formation of an anion-regulated robust cathode/electrolyte interface (CEI), reduces the unstable free-state solvent, and finally achieves the compatibility of PEO-based electrolytes with ultrahigh-nickel cathode materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
July 2024
Plants are widely existing in the environments and have been considered as potential sentinel species of toxic chemicals' exposure. In this study, the deadly toxic chemicals of three nitrogen mustards (NMs, including NH1, NH2 and NH3) were selected as the investigated targets. First, the reactivities of common endogenous plant components with NMs were examined in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis transmitted by small brown planthoppers, which causes maize rough dwarf disease and rice black-streaked dwarf disease. This virus leads to slow growth or death of the host plants. During the coevolutionary arms race between viruses and plants, virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) challenge the plant's defense response and inhibit host immunity through the RNA silencing system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYing Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao
March 2024
is a major potato pest of global importance, early warning and detection of which are of significance. In this study, we analyzed the climate niche conservation of during its invasion by comparing the overall climate niche from three dimensions, including the differences between native range (South America) and entire invaded region (excluding South America), the differences bwtween native range (South America) and five invaded continents (North America, Oceania, Asia, Africa, and Europe), as well as the differences between native region (South America) and an invaded region (China). We constructed ecological niche models for its native range (South America) and invaded region (China).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) caused by pathogenic viruses in the genus in the family Reoviridae is one of the most destructive diseases in maize. The pyramiding of effective resistance genes into maize varieties is a potential approach to reduce the damage resulting from the disease. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) ( and ) have been previously identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrought stress is seriously affecting the growth and production of crops, especially when agricultural irrigation still remains quantitatively restricted in some arid and semi-arid areas. The identification of drought-tolerant genes is important for improving the adaptability of maize under stress. Here, we found that a new member of the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) family; the gene was tightly linked with a consensus drought-tolerant quantitative trait locus, and the significantly associated signals were detected through genome wide association analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheep breeds with hair-shedding traits have many advantages over non-shedding sheep breeds, not only because of reduced shearing labor and feeding management costs but also because it reduces in vitro parasites and improves adaptability to summer heat stress. The wool of Dorper sheep naturally sheds in spring due to the periodic growth of hair follicles. CircRNAs primarily regulate the morphogenesis of hair follicles through the ceRNA mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ether-based electrolytes show excellent performance on anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but they still show poor compatibility with the cathodes. Here, ether electrolytes with NaBF as the main salt or additive were applied in NFM//HC full cells and showed enhanced performance than the electrolyte with NaPF. Then, BF was found to have a stronger interaction with Na, which could reduce the solvation of Na with the solvent, thus inducing the formation of the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layers rich in inorganic species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dorper and Tan sheep are renowned for their rapid growth and exceptional meat quality, respectively. Previous research has provided evidence of the impact of gut microbiota on breed characteristics. The precise correlation between the gastrointestinal tract and peripheral organs in each breed is still unclear.
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