Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Anesthetic and Sedative Regimens for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of various anesthetic and sedative regimens for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until March 2024. Primary outcomes included procedure time, patient satisfaction, oxygen saturation (SpO2), incidence of SpO2 below 90%, and adverse events.

Edaravone Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibition of Ferroptosis via FSP1 Pathway.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a highly severe form of trauma with complex series of reactions in brain tissue which ultimately results in neuronal damage. Previous studies proved that neuronal ferroptosis, which was induced by intracranial haemorrhage and other reasons, was one of the most primary causes of neuronal damage following TBI. However, the association between neuronal mechanical injury and ferroptosis in TBI and relevant treatments remain unclear.

The application of iliac fascia space block combined with esketamine intravenous general anesthesia in PFNA surgery of the elderly: A prospective, single-center, controlled trial.

To observe the effect of iliac fascia space block combined with esketamine intravenous general anesthesia in proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) of the elderly. Eighty elderly patients who underwent PFNA were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, iliac fascial block combined with esketamine and propofol intravenous general anesthesia was used to keep spontaneous breathing.

Cerebrolysin alleviates early brain injury after traumatic brain injury by inhibiting neuroinflammation and apoptosis via TLR signaling pathway.

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. Cerebrolysin (CBL) has been reported to be anti-inflammatory by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the neuroprotection of CBL in TBI and the potential mechanism are unclear.

Effects of dexmedetomidine on cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation via the HDAC2/HIF-1α/PFKFB3 axis in a murine model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) may be a useful approach in the treatment of disorders characterized by cognitive dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonist, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects. Here, we attempted to investigate the protective effects of DEX on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) involving HDAC2.

Erratum to "Ulinastatin alleviates traumatic brain injury by reducing endothelin-1".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2021-0001.].

Ulinastatin alleviates traumatic brain injury by reducing endothelin-1.

Background: Brain edema is one of the major causes of fatality and disability associated with injury and neurosurgical procedures. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI), a protease inhibitor, on astrocytes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methodology: A rat model of TBI was established.

Sevoflurane exerts protective effects on liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating expression via miR-9-5p.

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a critical contraindication of hepatobiliary surgery and results in severe liver damage. It is imperative to identify underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. In the current study, a rat model of liver IR was established to explore the mechanisms of sevoflurane during surgical intervention on IR.

The antidepressant effects of rosiglitazone on rats with depression induced by neuropathic pain.

A growing number of studies reported that rosiglitazone (a PPARgamma agonist) could ameliorate the painful state and prevent stress-induced depression. However, whether rosiglitazone can prevent pain-induced depression is unclear. This study aimed to explore the antidepressant effects of rosiglitazone in L5 spinal nerve transection (SNT) induced neuropathic pain rats.

Developmental loss of parvalbumin-positive cells in the prefrontal cortex and psychiatric anxiety after intermittent hypoxia exposures in neonatal rats might be mediated by NADPH oxidase-2.

Sleep apnea is more frequently experienced in neonatal life. Here we investigated the causal contribution of NOX2-derived oxidative stress in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to neurodevelopmental alterations and psychiatric anxiety in a neonatal rat model of sleep apnea. Neonatal postnatal day 5 (P5) rats were exposed to long-term intermittent hypoxia (LTIH) or room air (RA) for 10 days.

Analgesic effects of gabapentin on mechanical hypersensitivity in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis.

Gabapentin, an anticonvulsant, is widely accepted as an alternative therapeutic agent for neuropathic pain and has proved to produce analgesic effects in a mouse model of visceral pain. However, it is unknown whether gabapentin is also analgesically effective in chronic pancreatitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of gabapentin in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis.

Responsive micellar films of amphiphilic block copolymer micelles: control on micelle opening and closing.

We reported the deliberate control on the micelle opening and closing of amphiphilic polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) micellar films by exposing them to selective solvents. We first treated the micellar films with polar solvents including ethanol and water (pH = 4, 8, and 12) that have different affinities to P2VP. We observed opening of the micelles in all the cases.

Blood serum profiling of the rat spinal nerve ligation model using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Peripheral nerve injury, which gives rise to persistent chronic pain, has become an area of intense research activity, largely because it represents a disorder with a high unmet medical need. In this study, serum biomarkers of the spinal nerve ligation model were successfully investigated with the metabolomic method. The regulatory effect of gabapentin, a novel clinical antineuralgia drug, on biomarker levels in serum was also investigated.