Efficacy and Safety of Gabapentinoids for Acute Herpes Zoster Neuralgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of gabapentin and pregabalin in the treatment of acute herpes zoster (HZ) neuralgia, including pain control and the occurrence of adverse effects.

Methods: A systematic computerized search was conducted in October 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing gabapentin analogs for the treatment of acute HZ neuralgia were searched.

High doses of rosuvastatin induce impaired branched-chain amino acid catabolism and lead to insulin resistance.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Is there a risk of developing diabetes associated with statin treatment? What is the underlying mechanism of the increased incidence rate of new-onset diabetes in patients treated with rosuvastatin? What is the main finding and its importance? Rosuvastatin therapy reduced intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and changed the catabolism of branched-chain amino acid (BCAAs) in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Protein phosphatase 2Cm knockdown completely abolished the effects of insulin and rosuvastatin on glucose absorption. This study provides mechanistic support for recent clinical data on rosuvastatin-related new-onset diabetes and underscores the logic for intervening in BCAA catabolism to prevent the harmful effects of rosuvastatin.

Effects of SLCO1B1 and GATM gene variants on rosuvastatin-induced myopathy are unrelated to high plasma exposure of rosuvastatin and its metabolites.

Myotoxicity is a significant factor contributing to the poor adherence and reduced effectiveness in the treatment of statins. Genetic variations and high drug plasma exposure are considered as critique causes for statin-induced myopathy (SIM). This study aims to explore the sequential influences of rosuvastatin (RST) pharmacokinetic and myopathy-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the plasma exposure to RST and its metabolites: rosuvastatin lactone (RSTL) and N-desmethyl rosuvastatin (DM-RST), and further on RST-induced myopathy.

Impact of HLA-B*58:01 allele and allopurinol-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions: evidence from 21 pharmacogenetic studies.

Allopurinol is widely used for hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis, but is associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs). Recently, HLA-B*58:01 allele was identified as a strong genetic marker for allopurinol-induced CADRs in Han Chinese. However, the magnitude of association and diagnosis value of HLA-B*58:01 in allopurinol-induced CADRs remain inconclusive.