Assessment the real-world safety of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex): novel insights from a comprehensive pharmacovigilance analysis utilizing the FAERS database.

Objective: The intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Dex) is widely used for various ocular conditions, including diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and non-infectious uveitis. Despite its efficacy, concerns remain regarding its safety profile. This study aims to analyze the adverse events (AEs) associated with Dex reported in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from 2010 to 2024.

[Effect and related mechanism of acetate in alleviating acute kidney injury in septic rats through G-protein coupled receptor 43].

Objective: To explore the protective effect and mechanism of acetate on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham operation group (Sham group), sepsis group caused by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP group), and acetate pretreatment group [NaA group, gavage sodium acetate (NaA) 300 mg/kg twice a day for 7 consecutive days before CLP] using a random number table method, with 7 rats in each group. The blood was taken from the main abdominal artery 24 hours after modeling, and renal tissue was collected from the rats.

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based urine metabolomics for the diagnosis and staging of bladder cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumour of the urinary system. Currently, the gold standard for diagnosing BC is cystoscopy, but it is an invasive examination that can lead to a certain psychological burden on the patient. In this study, we aimed to identify non-invasive potential metabolic biomarkers that could improve the diagnostic accuracy of bladder cancer.

miR-155 induces sepsis-associated damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier via sirtuin 1/nuclear factor-κB-mediated intestinal pyroptosis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening state of organ dysfunction caused by systemic inflammation and a dysfunctional response to host infections that can induce severe intestinal mucosal damage. Pyroptosis is mediated by the activated NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome after stimulation by various inflammatory factors during sepsis. The inflammatory response is a major driver of intestinal damage during sepsis.

A High-Performance Pixel-Level Fully Pipelined Hardware Accelerator for Neural Networks.

The design of convolutional neural network (CNN) hardware accelerators based on a single computing engine (CE) architecture or multi-CE architecture has received widespread attention in recent years. Although this kind of hardware accelerator has advantages in hardware platform deployment flexibility and development cycle, it is still limited in resource utilization and data throughput. When processing large feature maps, the speed can usually only reach 10 frames/s, which does not meet the requirements of application scenarios, such as autonomous driving and radar detection.

Research on gas emission quantity prediction model based on EDA-IGA.

In order to accurately predict the possible gas emission quantity in coal mines, it is proposed to use the multi-thread calculation of the Immune Genetic Algorithm (IGA) and injection of vaccines to improve the accuracy of prediction and combine the Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) to the distribution probability of excellent populations. Calculating, and selecting excellent populations for iteration, optimize the population generation process of the Immune Genetic Algorithm, so that the population quality is continuously optimized and improved, and the optimal solution is obtained, thereby establishing a gas emission quantity prediction model based on the Immune Genetic Algorithm and Estimation of Distribution Algorithm. Using the 9136 mining face with gas emission hazards in a coal mine from Shandong Province in China as the prediction object, the absolute gas emission quantity is used to scale the gas emission quantity, and it is found that the model can accurately predict the gas emission quantity, which is consistent with the on-site emission unanimous.

Poly(l-Ornithine)-Based Polymeric Micelles as pH-Responsive Macromolecular Anticancer Agents.

Anticancer peptides and polymers represent an emerging field of tumor treatment and can physically interact with tumor cells to address the problem of multidrug resistance. In the present study, poly(l-ornithine)--poly(l-phenylalanine) (PLO--PLF) block copolypeptides were prepared and evaluated as macromolecular anticancer agents. Amphiphilic PLO--PLF self-assembles into nanosized polymeric micelles in aqueous solution.

Biocontrol Microneedle Patch: A Promising Agent for Protecting Citrus Fruits from Postharvest Infection.

With increasing human awareness of food safety, the replacement of highly toxic pesticides with biocompatible antimicrobials has become a trend. This study proposes a biocontrol microneedle (BMN) to expand the application of the food-grade preservative epsilon-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) in fruit preservatives by utilizing a dissolving microneedle system. The macromolecular polymer ε-PL not only possesses broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity but also exhibits good mechanical properties.

OsCYBDOMG1, a cytochrome b561 domain-containing protein, regulates salt tolerance and grain yield in rice.

OsCYBDOMG1 positively regulates salt tolerance, plant growth, and grain yield by affecting ascorbate biosynthesis and redox state. Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress affecting rice growth and productivity. Many genes involved in the salt stress response have been identified, but the precise mechanisms underlying salt tolerance remain unclear.

Efficacy and safety of single-dose intravitreal dexamethasone implant in non-infectious uveitic macular edema: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of single-dose intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant for treating non-infectious uveitic macular edema (UME).

Methods: Studies including clinical outcomes of the DEX implant in UME were comprehensively searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for potential studies from inception to July 2022. The primary outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) during the follow-up period.

Transcriptional repressor RST1 controls salt tolerance and grain yield in rice by regulating gene expression of asparagine synthetase.

Salt stress impairs nutrient metabolism in plant cells, leading to growth and yield penalties. However, the mechanism by which plants alter their nutrient metabolism processes in response to salt stress remains elusive. In this study, we identified and characterized the rice () () mutant, which displayed improved salt tolerance and grain yield.

Retinal and choroidal microvascular alterations in Behcet's disease without ocular manifestations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the microvascular alterations in non-ocular Behcet's disease (BD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane databases for eligible studies from inception to February 2022. Detailed clinical demographics were extracted from each study by two independent reviewers.

Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of three medicinal Carpesium species: Genome structures and phylogenetic relationships.

Carpesium (Asteraceae) is a genus that contains many plant species with important medicinal values. However, the lack of chloroplast genome research of this genus has greatly hindered the study of its molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationship. This study used the Illumina sequencing platform to sequence three medicinal plants of the Carpesium genus: Carpesium abrotanoides, Carpesium cernuum, and Carpesium faberi, obtaining three complete chloroplast genome sequences after assembly and annotation.

The transcription factor OsMYBc and an E3 ligase regulate expression of a K+ transporter during salt stress.

Sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) homeostasis is essential for plant survival in saline soils. A member of the High-Affinity K+ Transporter (HKT) family in rice (Oryza sativa), OsHKT1;1, is a vital regulator of Na+ exclusion from shoots and is bound by a MYB transcription factor (OsMYBc). Here, we generated transgenic rice lines in the oshkt1;1 mutant background for genetic complementation using genomic OsHKT1;1 containing a native (Com) or mutated (mCom) promoter that cannot be bound by OsMYBc.

A Multifunctional Ionic Liquid Additive Enabling Stable and Efficient Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

The electroluminescence performance and long-term stability of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are greatly affected by the film quality of perovskite emitting layer. Herein, the authors employ an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([BMIm]OTf), to manipulate the growth of quasi-2D perovskite films by providing heterogeneous nucleation sites. The [BMIm]OTf molecules simultaneously realize uniform perovskite films by reducing the contact angles of precursor solution on the hole transport layer (HTL), and eliminate defect states through bonding [BMIm] cations to negatively-charged uncoordinated Br and OTf anions to uncoordinated Pb defects that effectively suppresses the defect states assisted nonradiative recombination in perovskite films.

A bHLH protein, OsBIM1, positively regulates rice leaf angle by promoting brassinosteroid signaling.

Rice leaf angle is an important agronomic trait determining plant architecture and crop yield. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play crucial roles in controlling rice leaf angle, thus an increasing number of researches were focused on the BR signaling pathway in rice. However, the orthologs of some important components in Arabidopsis BR signaling have not yet been characterized in rice.

The rice aldehyde oxidase OsAO3 gene regulates plant growth, grain yield, and drought tolerance by participating in ABA biosynthesis.

Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many aspects of plant growth and development and the responses to abiotic stresses. Arabidopsis aldehyde oxidase 3 (AAO3) catalyzes the final step of ABA biosynthesis. We cloned and functionally characterized a novel aldehyde oxidase gene, OsAO3, the rice homolog of AAO3.

The ATP-binding cassette transporter OsPDR1 regulates plant growth and pathogen resistance by affecting jasmonates biosynthesis in rice.

Jasmonates (JAs) are important regulators of plant growth, development, and defense. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters participate in disease resistance by transporting JAs or antimicrobial secondary metabolites in dicotyledons. Here, we functionally characterized a JAs-inducible rice gene (OsPDR1) that encodes a member of the pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) subfamily of ABC transporters.

Physiological characterisation and fine mapping of a salt-tolerant mutant in rice (Oryza sativa).

Salt-tolerant mutants are valuable resources for basic and applied research on plant salt tolerance. Here, we report the isolation and characterisation of a salt-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant.

Preparation and characterization of n-hydroxyapatite/PCL-pluronic-PCL nanocomposites for tissue engineering.

In this paper, a new kind of polymeric nanocomposite materials based on nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and PCL-Pluronic-PCL (PCFC) copolymer were prepared by in situ combination method. Firstly, the PCFC copolymer was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone initiated by Pluronic (PEG-PPG-PEG); Secondly, n-HA powder were combined with PCFC to form polymeric composites in the presence of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). The obtained composites were characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM, DTA/TGA, and tensile testing.

Synthesis of a novel biodegradable poly(ester amine) (PEAs) copolymer based on low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine for gene delivery.

In this paper, a novel biodegradable poly(ester amine) (PEA) copolymer was successfully prepared from low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine (PEI, Mn=1800) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-Pluronic-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCFC) copolymers. According to the results of agarose gel electrophoresis, particle sizes and zeta potential measurement and transfection efficiency, these PEA copolymers showed great ability to condense plasmid DNA effectively into nano-complexes with small particle size (< or =200 nm) and moderate zeta potential (> or =12 mV) at proper polymeric carrier/DNA weight ratio. Compared with low-molecular-PEI (Mn=1800), the obtained PEAs exhibited higher transfection efficiency as well as lower cytotoxicity.