Glycan degradation in Polygonati Rhizoma: Effects of traditional 'nine steaming and nine basking' on low molecular weight Fructans and polysaccharides.

The traditional "nine steaming and nine basking" method for processing Polygonati Rhizoma has been practiced in China for over two millennia. However, research on its impact on glycans, particularly low molecular weight fructans, is limited. Therefore, dynamic changes in glycans were analyzed based on the two common species, and .

Assessment of Efficacy on the Treatment of Localized Vitiligo With a Combination of 308 nm Excimer Light and 2940 Erbium Laser: A Retrospective Study.

Background: A 308 nm excimer light is an effective treatment for vitiligo, with fewer treatment times, rapid obvious effects, relatively complete pigment recovery, good patient compliance, and safe and effective treatment for children. The disadvantage of this treatment is that some patients have a plateau during which the skin lesion reduction rate slows down or stalls after multiple treatments.

Methods: Treatment data were collected from all vitiligo patients in the Dermatology Department, distinguishing between those who underwent 308 nm excimer light treatment alone and those who received a combination of 308 nm excimer light and 2940 erbium laser treatment.

Advanced applications in enzyme-induced electrospun nanofibers.

Electrospun nanofibers, renowned for their high specific surface area, robust mechanical properties, and versatile chemical functionalities, offer a promising platform for enzyme immobilization. Over the past decade, significant strides have been made in developing enzyme-induced electrospun nanofibers (EIEN). This review systematically summarizes the advanced applications of EIEN which are fabricated using both non-specific immobilization methods including interfacial adsorption (direct adsorption, cross-linking, and covalent binding) and encapsulation, and specific immobilization techniques (coordination and affinity immobilization).

Improved Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiency of PVDF/rGO/AgNW Composites via Low-Pressure Compression Molding and AgNW-Backfilling Strategy.

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have excellent electrical conductivity and nano-sized effects and have been widely used as a high-performance electromagnetic shielding material. However, silver nanowires have poor mechanical properties and are prone to fracture during the preparation of composite materials. In this study, PVDF/rGO/AgNW composites with a segregated structure were prepared using low-pressure compression molding and the AgNW-backfilling process.

Dysregulated tryptophan metabolism and AhR pathway contributed to CXCL10 upregulation in stable non-segmental vitiligo.

Background: Tryptophan metabolism dysregulation has been observed in vitiligo. However, drawing a mechanistic linkage between this metabolic disturbance and vitiligo pathogenesis remains challenging.

Objective: Aim to reveal the characterization of tryptophan metabolism in vitiligo and investigate the role of tryptophan metabolites in vitiligo pathophysiology.

Kaempferol promotes melanogenesis and reduces oxidative stress in PIG1 normal human skin melanocytes.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by depigmentation. Kaempferol is a flavonoid compound with broad anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kaempferol on melanogenesis in PIG1 normal human skin melanocytes and its response to oxidative stress.

A Necroptosis-Related Gene Signature to Predict the Prognosis of Skin Cutaneous Melanoma.

The prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) remains poor, and patients with SKCM show a poor response to immunotherapy. Thus, we aimed to identify necroptosis-related biomarkers, which can help predict the prognosis of SKCM and improve the effectiveness of precision medicine. Data of SKCM were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO databases.

Biological function and application of melanocytes induced and transformed by mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: A large number of autologous melanocytes are required for surgical treatment of depigmentation diseases such as vitiligo. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the application of melanocytes induced by mesenchymal stem cells to clinical treatment. Therefore, we have induced mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) into melanocytes (miMels) in the previous experiment.

Efficacy of a mixed preparation containing piperine, capsaicin and curcumin in the treatment of alopecia areata.

Background: Alopecia areata is a common non-scarring alopecia, mainly manifested as sudden localized patchy alopecia. It is currently believed to be related to autoimmune, genetic, emotional stress, and endocrine factors.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the mixed preparation of piperine, capsaicin, and curcumin on alopecia areata treatment.

Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis of Skin Cutaneous Melanoma and Response to Immunotherapy.

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic regulated cell death process, and much research has indicated that ferroptosis can induce the non-apoptotic death of tumor cells. Ferroptosis-related genes are expected to become a biological target for cancer treatment. However, the regulation of ferroptosis-related genes in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) has not been well studied.

Reciprocal regulation of interleukin-17A and interleukin-22 secretion through aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in CD4 T cells of patients with vitiligo.

Previous studies have shown the participation of the cytokines interleukin (IL) 17A and IL22 in the development of vitiligo. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) functions in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and can modulate cytokine production. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between AhR activation and the secretion of IL17A and IL22 in CD4 T cells in vitiligo.

Analysis of how obtaining melanocytes by magnetic cell separation contributes to autoepidermal transplantation technology in treating leucoderma.

Background: Leucoderma, a depigmentation of the skin, is a common disease in humans, and has been observed in cattle, horses and buffalo as well.

Objectives: To analyze the correlation between melanin stem cells and the differentiation and proliferation of melanocytes (MCs).

Material And Methods: Magnetic cell separation was used to separate melan-A+ cells and PAX3+ cells, which were cultured in vitro.

Down-regulation of exosomal miR-200c derived from keratinocytes in vitiligo lesions suppresses melanogenesis.

Vitiligo is a refractory disfiguring skin disease. However, the aetiology and pathogenesis of vitiligo have not been fully defined. Previous studies have shown that exosomes from normal human keratinocytes improve melanogenesis by up-regulating the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins.

Variation of biophysical parameters of the skin with age, gender, and lifestyles.

Background: Sweet, spicy or greasy food, staying up late, and using electronic products for a long time are common bad habits nowadays. Their role in skin diseases has been paid much attention.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether unhealthy lifestyles would affect the skin sebum content, SC hydration, and pH and how do they affect.

Increased HERV-E clone 4-1 expression contributes to DNA hypomethylation and IL-17 release from CD4 T cells via miR-302d/MBD2 in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Increased human endogenous retroviruses E clone 4-1 (HERV-E clone 4-1) mRNA expression is observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and associates with the disease activity. In this study, we want to further investigate the mechanism of HERV-E clone 4-1 mRNA upregulation and its roles in SLE progression.

Methods: CD4 T cells were isolated from venous blood of SLE patients or healthy controls and qRT-PCR was used to detect HERV-E clone 4-1 mRNA expression.

Screening and analysis of differentially expressed genes of human melanocytes in skin cells mixed culture.

Background: This study aims to screen the key genes and possible signaling pathways involved in the differentiation and proliferation of human melanocytes (MCs) by in vitro culture of mixed skin cells. This will be helpful to further study the mechanisms and treatment strategies of pigment-related diseases such as vitiligo.

Methods: Mixed skin cells were obtained by digesting and separating normal human foreskin tissues.

A preliminary study of growth characteristics of melanocytes co-cultured with keratinocytes in vitro.

To clarify the characteristic growth of melanocytes (MCs) and Keratinocytes (KCs) in vitro and discuss the mechanism of culturing autologous melanocytes in the treatment of vitiligo. Epidermis cells derived from normal skin tissues were isolated and cultured in vitro. Melanocytes in DOPA staining were observed.

Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus among females in the suburb of Shanghai, China.

To describe the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its genotype distribution among females in the suburb of Shanghai. A total of 33 562 participants were enrolled in this study from January to December 2016. HPV GenoArray test kit was used to perform HPV genotyping and was also used in DNA amplification and HybriBio's proprietary flow-through hybridization technique.

Ultraviolet B inhibition of DNMT1 activity via AhR activation dependent SIRT1 suppression in CD4+ T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Background: Previous studies have reported that ultraviolet B (UVB) inhibits DNA methyltransferase1 (DNMT1) activity in CD4+ T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is a type of Class III histone deacetylases (HDACs), and has been reported to play roles in the pathogenesis of different autoimmune diseases and can modulate DNMT1 activity. Moreover, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been reported to link UVB with SLE.

In vitro-induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into melanocytes.

Large numbers of autogenous melanocytes (Mcs) are required when conducting studies on tissue engineering of skin and performing surgical treatment of depigmentation diseases. This study was conducted to explore the possibility of inducing differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into Mcs as a means of providing autogenous Mcs for purposes of tissue engineering and clinical treatment. MSCs were harvested from the bone marrows of black mice; and after six passages, hydrocortisone, insulin, transferrin and fibroblast growth factor were applied to induce their differentiation into Mcs.

DNA methylation modulates HERV-E expression in CD4+ T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Background: Previous studies have reported that the DNA of T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients contains global hypomethylation that may contribute to the development of SLE. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are encoded within the genomes of all higher eukaryotes and are of special interest where autoimmune disorders are concerned. Until recently, minimal effort has been made to identify specific HERVs associated with SLE and to explore their precise mechanism of expression.