Dimethylacridine based emitters for non-doped organic light-emitting diodes with improved efficiency.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been attracting much extensive interest owing to their advantages of high-definition and flexible displays. Many advances have been focused on boosting the efficiency and stability. Two innovative dimethylacridine-based emitters,1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4- (2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl ethene (AcTPE), and bis(4-(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)methanone (Ac2BP) were designed and synthesized, in which TPE-baesed AcTPE presents AIE properties, and with the phenyl as spacer between the DMAC and carbony, aryl-ketone-based Ac2BP doesn't show AIE properties due to the absence of restriction of intramolecular rotations.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition during the growth and involution of the prostate gland in wild ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus).

The prostate glands of wild ground squirrels display enlarged volume during the breeding season and shrunk size during the nonbreeding season, which enables the wild ground squirrel to be an ideal animal model for studying the mechanisms of prostate growth and involution. To clarify the possible mechanism underlying seasonal morphological changes of the prostate in wild ground squirrels, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) were focused, and the expression of EMT-related genes was investigated in the current study. Histological results showed that the epithelial lumen enlarged in the breeding season, and the stromal cells expanded during the non-breeding season.

A Nomogram to Predict Intracranial Hypertension in Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

Objective: Patients with moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are under the threat of intracranial hypertension (IHT). However, it is unclear which mTBI patient will develop IHT and should receive intracranial pressure (ICP)-lowering treatment or invasive ICP monitoring after admission. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a prediction model that estimates the risk of IHT in mTBI patients.

Trans-Defect Underlay Watertight Duraplasty for Traumatic Anterior Skull Base Dural Defect: Technical Report.

Background: Watertight duraplasty is essential for surgical management of traumatic anterior skull base (ASB) dural defect but challenging in the deep and narrow operative corridor. Here, the authors report a trans-defect underlay watertight duraplasty (TDUWD) technique for traumatic ASB dural defect.

Methods: TDUWD was performed by inserting a free pericranium graft under the dural defect.

Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure and Telomere Length and their Interaction on Blood Lipids in Coal Miners.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and telomere length on lipids in coal miners.

Methods: Basic personal information of 637 coal miners was collected by questionnaire survey. Logistic regression, the Bayesian kernel machine regression model, and weighted quantile sum regression were used to analyze the effects of PAH metabolites and telomere length and their interactions on blood lipids.

Intracranial-Pressure-Monitoring-Assisted Management Associated with Favorable Outcomes in Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with a GCS of 9-11.

Objective: With a mortality rate of 10−30%, a moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most variable traumas. The indications for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in patients with mTBI and the effects of ICP on patients’ outcomes are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to examine the indications of ICP monitoring (ICPm) and its effects on the long-term functional outcomes of mTBI patients.

Effect of powdered vancomycin on stopping surgical site wound infections in neurosurgery: A meta-analysis.

We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of powdered vancomycin on stopping surgical site wound infections in neurosurgery. A systematic literature search up to July 2022 was performed and 24 137 subjects with neurosurgery at the baseline of the studies; 10 496 of them were using the powdered vancomycin, and 13 641 were not using the powdered vancomycin as a control. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of powdered vancomycin on stopping surgical site wound infections in neurosurgery using dichotomous methods with a random or fixed-effect model.

Predicting Neurological Deterioration after Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Development and Validation of a Prediction Model Based on Data Collected on Admission.

Moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a heterogeneous entity that is poorly defined in the literature. Patients with mTBI have a high rate of neurological deterioration (ND), which is usually accompanied by poor prognosis and no definitive methods to predict. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a prediction model that estimates the ND risk in patients with mTBI using data collected on admission.

A multifunctional nanocellulose-based hydrogel for strain sensing and self-powering applications.

Ionic conductive hydrogel with multifunctional properties have shown promising application potential in various fields, including electronic skin, wearable devices and sensors. Herein, a highly stretchable (up to 2800% strain), tough, adhesive ionic conductive hydrogel are prepared using cationic nanocellulose (CCNC) to disperse/stabilize graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), forming CCNC-g-CN complexes and in situ radical polymerization process. The ionic interactions between CNCC and g-CN acted as sacrificial bonds enabled highly stretchability of the hydrogel.

Monolithic Integration of Vertical Thin-Film Transistors in Nanopores for Charge Sensing of Single Biomolecules.

We propose and fabricate solid-state nanopore devices that monolithically integrate solution-gated, vertical thin-film transistors (TFTs) inside the nanopores for charge-based sensing of translocating biomolecules. The TFTs consist of zinc oxide semiconductor channels and aluminum oxide gate dielectrics, which are both conformally deposited along the inner surfaces of the nanopores via atomic layer deposition. The resultant TFT channel lengths and nanopore diameters both reach the ∼10 nm range.

Long non-coding RNA MIR22HG inhibits glioma progression by downregulating microRNA-9/CPEB3.

Glioma is one of the most common and aggressive malignant intracranial tumors worldwide. Recently, non-coding RNAs have been found to play critical roles in the development of glioma. However, the exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Mussel-inspired biocompatible polydopamine/carboxymethyl cellulose/polyacrylic acid adhesive hydrogels with UV-shielding capacity.

Hydrogels are attractive due to their various applications in the fields of biomedical materials, cosmetics, and biosensors. To enhance UV protection and prevent skin penetration behaviors, inspired by the mussel adhesive proteins, the functional polydopamine (PDA) is employed herein to fabricate polydopamine/carboxymethyl cellulose/polyacrylic acid (PDA/CMC/PAA) adhesive hydrogels. To disperse PDA nanoparticles well in the PAA matrix, dopamine was self-polymerized in CMC solution to form PDA/CMC complex.

The Impact of Command-Following Task on Human-in-the-Loop Control Behavior.

This article presents results from an experiment in which 44 human subjects interact with a dynamic system 40 times over a one-week period. The subjects are divided into four groups. All groups interact with the same dynamic system, but each group performs a different sequence of command-following tasks.

The Impact of Nonminimum-Phase Zeros on Human-in-the-Loop Control Systems.

We present results from an experiment in which 33 human subjects interact with a dynamic system 40 times over a one-week period. The subjects are divided into three groups. For each interaction, a subject performs a command-following task, where the reference command is the same for all trials and all subjects.

Implementation of PPI with Nano Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor Devices for Medical Applications.

Background: Electronic devices which mimic the functionality of biological synapses are a large step to replicate the human brain for neuromorphic computing and for numerous medical research investigations. One of the representative synaptic behaviors is paired-pulse facilitation (PPF). It has been widely investigated because it is regarded to be related to biological memory.

Propoxyphene Mediates Oxyhemoglobin-Induced Injury in Rat Cortical Neurons Through Up-Regulation of Active-β-Catenin.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in various biological processes, including the development of the central nervous system. The dysfunction of mitochondria has been shown to participate in the progress of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) is a serious complication in acute craniocerebral trauma.

Change Of Nano Material Electrical Characteristics For Medical System Applications.

Amorphous nano oxides (AO) are intriguing advanced materials for a wide variety of nanosystem medical applications including serving as biosensors devices with p-n junctions, nanomaterial-enabled wearable sensors, artificial synaptic devices for AI neurocomputers and medical mimicking research. However, p-type AO with reliable electrical properties are very difficult to obtain according to the literature. Based on the oxide thin film transistor, a phenomenon that could change an n-type material into a p-type semiconductor is proposed and explained here.

Temperature Dependence Of AOS Thin Film Nano Transistors For Medical Applications.

Background: A novel temperature dependent amorphous nano oxide semiconductor (AOS) thin-film transistor (TFT) is reported here for the first time, which is vastly different from conventional behavior. In the literature, the threshold voltage of TFTs decreases with increasing temperature. Here, the threshold voltage increased at higher temperatures, which is different from previously reported results and was repeated on different samples.

Carbon Nanotube Complementary Gigahertz Integrated Circuits and Their Applications on Wireless Sensor Interface Systems.

Along with ultralow-energy delay products and symmetric complementary polarities, carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNT FETs) are expected to be promising building blocks for energy-efficient computing technology. However, the work frequencies of the existing CNT-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits (ICs) are far below the requirement (850 MHz) in state-of-art wireless communication applications. In this work, we fabricated deep submicron CMOS FETs with considerably improved performance of n-type CNT FETs and hence significantly promoted the work frequency of CNT CMOS ICs to 1.

Surgical Evacuation of Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage: Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Suboccipital Craniotomy, Stereotactic Aspiration, and Thrombolysis and Endoscopic Surgery.

Background: Current surgical therapies for spontaneous intracerebellar hemorrhage (SCH) include suboccipital craniotomy (SC), stereotactic aspiration and thrombolysis (SAT), and endoscopic surgery (ES). Evidence comparing the therapeutic effects of these 3 methods is scarce. The safety and efficacy of SC, SAT, and ES for SCH are still uncertain.

Long noncoding RNA AB073614 promotes the malignance of glioma by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling through downregulating SOX7.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) AB073614 has recently shown to be aberrantly increased and identified as a poor prognostic biomarker in human glioma. However, the potential mechanisms remain unknown. This study demonstrated that AB073614 expression was significantly upregulated in both glioma tissues and cell lines, and glioma patients with high AB073614 expression had lower overall survival rates.

Computed Tomography Angiography Spot Sign as an Indicator for Ultra-Early Stereotactic Aspiration of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Ultra-early surgical clot removal relieves mechanical compression on adjacent normal brain tissue and limits the toxic effects of a hematoma, which might improve the outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); however, hematoma expansion frequently occurs within 20 hours after the ictus, and this limits the use of ultra-early surgery. Computed tomography angiography spot sign was recently validated as an important predictor of hematoma expansion in patients with ICH.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients with ICH and negative spot sign who received ultra-early stereotactic aspiration (<6 hours after ictus; n = 32 [Ultra-early group]) or routine stereotactic aspiration (≥6 hours after ictus; n = 27 [Routine group]) were included in retrospective analysis.

Urokinase vs Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator for Thrombolytic Evacuation of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Basal Ganglia.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke, which leads to a high rate of mortality and poor neurological outcomes worldwide. Thrombolytic evacuation with urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) or tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) has been showed to be a hopeful treatment for ICH. However, to the best of our knowledge, no clinical trials were reported to compare the efficacy and safety of these two fibrinolytics administrated following minimally invasive stereotactic puncture (MISP) in patients with spontaneous basal ganglia ICH.