A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of intravenous nemonoxacin malate vs. levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients.

Background: Nemonoxacin malate is a novel non-fluorinated quinolone for oral and intravenous (IV) administration. This phase 3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-controlled clinical trial (NCT02205112) evaluated the efficacy and safety of IV nemonoxacin vs. levofloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adult patients.

Benralizumab efficacy and safety in severe asthma: A randomized trial in Asia.

Background: Benralizumab is indicated as add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled, severe eosinophilic asthma; it has not yet been evaluated in a large Asian population with asthma in a clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with severe asthma in Asia.

Methods: MIRACLE (NCT03186209) was a randomized, Phase 3 study in China, South Korea, and the Philippines.

Elevated ADAR expression is significantly linked to shorter overall survival and immune infiltration in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

To date, few studies have investigated whether the RNA-editing enzymes adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) influence RNA functioning in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). To investigate the role of ADAR in lung cancer, we leveraged the advantages of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, from which we obtained transcriptome data and clinical information from 539 patients with LUAD. First, we compared ARAR expression levels in LUAD tissues with those in normal lung tissues using paired and unpaired analyses.

The association between sleep duration and lung cancer: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The link between sleep duration and lung cancer risk has been suggested by some epidemiological studies. This meta-analysis was performed to further understand this relationship.

Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE entries up to December 2022 were searched for eligible publications.

HLA-I Evolutionary Divergence Confers Response to PD-1 Blockade plus Chemotherapy in Untreated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy has become the new standard of care in patients with untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas predictive biomarkers remain undetermined.

Experimental Design: We integrated clinical, genomic, and survival data of 427 NSCLC patients treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy from two phase III trials (CameL and CameL-sq) and investigated the predictive and prognostic value of HLA class I evolutionary divergence (HED).

Results: High HED could predict significantly improved objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in those who received PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy [in the CameL trial, ORR: 81.

Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of Unecritinib (TQ-B3101) for patients with ROS1 positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a Phase I/II Trial.

This phase I/II trial characterized the tolerability, safety, and antitumor activities of unecritinib, a novel derivative of crizotinib and a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting ROS1, ALK, and c-MET, in advanced tumors and ROS1 inhibitor-naive advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ROS1 rearrangements. Eligible patients received unecritinib 100, 200, and 300 mg QD, and 200, 250, 300, and 350 mg BID in a 3 + 3 design during dose escalation and 300 and 350 mg BID during expansion. Phase II trial patients received unecritinib 300 mg BID in continuous 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

miR-137 represses migration and cell motility by targeting COX-2 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor, with, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for about 80-85% of cases. This study investigated the expression of miR-137 in NSCLC tissues and cells and its effects on the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells and related mechanisms.

Methods: We collected the neoplastic and paracancerous tissues of NSCLC patients, detected the expression of miR-137 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and analyzed the correlation between miR-137 expression and the clinicopathological features and survival of NSCLC.

A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial of Tobramycin Inhalation Solution in Adults With Bronchiectasis With Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection.

Background: Few large-scale studies have demonstrated the efficacy of tobramycin nebulization in bronchiectasis. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of nebulized tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) in adults with bronchiectasis with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Research Question: Can TIS effectively reduce sputum P aeruginosa density and improve the bronchiectasis-specific quality of life in patients with bronchiectasis with P aeruginosa infection?

Study Design And Methods: This was a phase 3, 16-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

AENEAS: A Randomized Phase III Trial of Aumolertinib Versus Gefitinib as First-Line Therapy for Locally Advanced or MetastaticNon-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Exon 19 Deletion or L858R Mutations.

Purpose: Aumolertinib (formerly almonertinib; HS-10296) is a novel third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved in China. This double-blind phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of aumolertinib compared with gefitinib as a first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic -mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03849768).

Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CAPSTONE-1): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is associated with poor prognosis and treatment options are scarce. Immunotherapy has shown robust clinical activity in ES-SCLC in previous phase 3 trials. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of adebrelimab (SHR-1316), a novel anti-PD-L1 antibody, with standard chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for ES-SCLC.

CircRNA protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type a suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells via regulation of microRNA-582-3p.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with cancer progression. The present study aimed to examine the function of circRNA protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A (circRNA_PTPRA) in lung cancer cells and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The levels of circRNA_PTPRA and microRNA (miRNA/miR)-582-3p were measured in lung cancer tissue and cells using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Simultaneous detection of protein expression of multiple tumor markers of circulating tumor cells and heteroploid of chromosome 8 in primary lung cancer.

Background: Previously published studies have shown that circulating tumor cells (CTC) play an important role in clinical staging, efficacy monitoring and prognostic evaluation of lung cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the significance of simultaneous detection of multiple tumor marker protein expression and chromosome 8 aneuploid of CTC in the diagnosis and treatment of primary lung cancer.

Methods: We investigated the expression of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and Vimentin on the surface of CTC and the aneuploidy of chromosome 8 in the peripheral blood of 24 patients with metastatic primary lung cancer, which were detected by subtraction enrichment (SE) and immunofluorescence hybridization (iFISH).

On-treatment blood TMB as predictors for camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: biomarker analysis of a phase III trial.

Background: Camrelizumab plus chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy alone as first-line treatment in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) in the phase III trial (CameL-sq), which has become an option of standard-of-cares for Chinese patients with advanced LUSC. However, the predictive biomarkers remain unknown.

Methods: Tumor tissue samples at baseline, and peripheral blood samples at baseline (pretreatment) and after two cycles of treatment (on-treatment) were prospectively collected from 270 LUSC patients from the CameL-sq study.

Camrelizumab Plus Carboplatin and Paclitaxel as First-Line Treatment for Advanced Squamous NSCLC (CameL-Sq): A Phase 3 Trial.

Introduction: Camrelizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G4-κ monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death protein 1, has exhibited antitumor activity and tolerability across various tumors, including lung cancers. We conducted this double-blind, randomized phase 3 trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab or placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with advanced squamous NSCLC. The predictive value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics was also analyzed.

Efficacy of Aumolertinib (HS-10296) in Patients With Advanced EGFR T790M+ NSCLC: Updated Post-National Medical Products Administration Approval Results From the APOLLO Registrational Trial.

Introduction: Aumolertinib (formerly almonertinib; HS-10296) is a novel third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with revealed activity against EGFR-sensitizing mutations and EGFR T790M mutation.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who developed an EGFR T790M mutation after progression on first- or second-generation EGFR TKI therapy were enrolled in this registrational phase 2 trial of aumolertinib at 110 mg orally once daily (NCT02981108). The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) by independent central review.

The prognostic value of longitudinal circulating tumor DNA profiling during osimertinib treatment.

Background: Serial profiling of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could reflect dynamic molecular changes in response to treatment and potentially predict impending disease progression (PD). Herein, we investigated the molecular factors and dynamic changes in ctDNA that can serve as predictors of survival outcomes of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ()-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received osimertinib therapy after progression from prior EGFR inhibitor regimen.

Methods: Capture-based targeted sequencing was performed on the baseline and longitudinal plasma samples collected from 72 and 57 patients, respectively, using a 168-gene panel.

Clinical characteristics of asymptomatic carriers of novel coronavirus disease 2019: A multi-center study in Jiangsu Province.

Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals are thought to play major roles in virus transmission. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of asymptomatic carriers with COVID-19 to control the spread of the virus. We retrospectively investigated the clinical characteristics of 648 consecutive subjects who were enrolled in the study and were divided into asymptomatic carriers, mild cases, ordinary cases, severe or critical cases, and evaluated their impact on disease severity by means of Spearman correlation and multiple regression analyses.

IMPDH2 promotes cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of non-small cell lung cancer by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (IMPDH2) is an important enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the potential and molecular mechanism of IMPDH2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect IMPDH2 expression levels in NSCLC tissues and cells.

Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Disease Progression in Severe Patients with COVID-19 Infection in Jiangsu Province, China: A Descriptive Study.

Background: We studied patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a virus that originated in Wuhan, China, and is spreading over the country including Jiangsu Province. We studied the clinical characteristics and therapies of severe cases in Jiangsu Province.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze clinical, laboratory data and treatment of 60 severe cases with COVID-19 infection in Jiangsu Province between January 24, 2020 and April 20, 2020.

Correlations between circulating tumor cell phenotyping and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography uptake in non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype-based subsets of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) might be predictors of tumor progression. We evaluated the clinical properties of different phenotypic CTCs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Secondly, we explored the association between different phenotypic CTCs and the uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) by the primary tumor on a positron emission tomographic (PET) scan.

AMPK α1 Downregulates ROS Levels Through Regulating Trx Leading to Dysfunction of Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPK α1) associates closely with cancers. However, the relationship between AMPK α1 and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not fully understood. In this study, we aim to explore the role and mechanism of AMPK α1 in NSCLC initiation and progression.

Rare cause of repeated pulmonary embolism: a case of primary pleural squamous cell carcinoma and literature review.

Background: Malignant tumors are risk factors for a pulmonary embolism (PE), and a PE caused by a tumor is not uncommon. Primary pleural squamous cell carcinoma (PPSCC) is a rare malignancy; thus, a related PE is extremely rare.

Case Presentation: A previously healthy 49-year-old female patient was admitted to Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital owing to chest tightness, cough, and breathing difficulty that persisted for 3 days.

Long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus therapy in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Background: Sirolimus has been confirmed to be effective for lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a rare multisystem neoplastic disease in women. The long-term effects of sirolimus treatment for LAM, however, are largely unknown. We aimed to analyze the long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus therapy for LAM with 4-year follow-up.