Single von Willebrand factor C-domain protein-2 confers immune defense against bacterial infections in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Single-domain von Willebrand factor type C proteins (SVWCs), primarily found in arthropods, responds to infections caused by various pathogens. Three SVWCs have been identified in the silkworm and BmSVWC2 might play a crucial role in the immune system. However, the regulatory mechanism of BmSVWC2 remains largely unknown.

Predicting the Current and Future Distribution of (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Based on the Maximum Entropy Model.

is a polyphagous and highly destructive agricultural pest, currently only distributed in Asia. In its place of origin, it poses a serious threat to important economic crops, for instance, maize ( L.) and cotton ( L.

Functional types of long trichoid sensilla responding to sex pheromone components in Plutella xylostella.

Sex pheromones, which consist of multiple components in specific ratios promote intraspecific sexual communications of insects. Plutella xylostella (L.) is a worldwide pest of cruciferous vegetables, the mating behavior of which is highly dependent on its olfactory system.

Identification, expression profiles, and binding properties of chemosensory protein 18 in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).

Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are highly efficient carry tools to bind and deliver hydrophobic compounds, which play an important role in the chemosensory process in insects. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a cosmopolitan pest that attacks cruciferous crops.

Serpin-4 Negatively Regulates Prophenoloxidase Activation and Antimicrobial Peptide Synthesis in the Silkworm, .

The prophenoloxidase (PPO) activation and Toll antimicrobial peptide synthesis pathways are two critical immune responses in the insect immune system. The activation of these pathways is mediated by the cascade of serine proteases, which is negatively regulated by serpins. In this study, we identified a typical serpin, BmSerpin-4, in silkworms, whose expression was dramatically up-regulated in the fat body and hemocytes after bacterial infections.

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of (Hübner) Females to Aldehyde Volatiles from Dried Fruits.

(Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) is a notorious pest of stored grain globally. The dried fruits (, , and ) can strongly attract . However, specific volatile compounds responsible for such effects have not been identified.

Identification and evaluation of cruciferous plant volatiles attractive to Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).

Background: The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, has developed resistance to almost all insecticides used for its control. The 'push-pull' method has been shown as an effective control strategy to address this resistance challenge of P. xylostella.

Role of DSC1 in Drosophila melanogaster synaptic activities in response to haedoxan A.

Drosophila sodium channel 1 (DSC1) encodes a voltage-gated divalent cation channel that mediates neuronal excitability in insects. Previous research revealed that DSC1 knockout Drosophila melanogaster conferred different susceptibility to insecticides, which indicated the vital regulation role of DSC1 under insecticide stress. Haedoxan A (HA) is a lignan compound isolated from Phryma leptostachya, and we found that HA has excellent insecticidal activity and is worthy of further study as a botanical insecticide.

Nitric oxide synthase is required for the pea aphid's defence against bacterial infection.

Compared to other insects, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum has a reduced immune system with an absence of genes coding for a lot of immunity-related molecules. Notably, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which catalyses the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), is present in the pea aphid. However, the role of NO in the immune system of pea aphid remains unclear.

The IMD pathway in Hemipteran: A comparative analysis and discussion.

The evolutionary patterns of the genes in the IMD pathway in hemipterans were characterized and compared. The hemipteran insects were clustered into two groups. One group that encompasses whitefly, plant lice, and scale insect partially lacks the IMD pathway and all antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes, with the vast majority of IMD pathway and all AMP genes being absent in aphids.

Negative cross-resistance of a pyrethroid-resistant Drosophila mutant to Phryma leptostachya-derived haedoxan A.

Voltage-gated sodium channels are the primary target of pyrethroid insecticides. Mutations in sodium channel confer knockdown resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids in various arthropod pests. Haedoxan A (HA) is the major insecticidal component from Phryma leptostachya.

Transcriptome analysis of Plantago major as a phytoremediator to identify some genes related to cypermethrin detoxification.

Cypermethrin (CYP) is a toxic manmade chemical compound belonging to pyrethroid insecticides contaminating the environment. Plantago major (PM) has numerous excellent advantages like high biomass yield and great stress tolerance, which make it able to increase the efficacy of phytoremediation. So far, no study has directly or indirectly made a transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) of PM under CYP stress.