A Novel Metabolomic Aging Clock Predicting Health Outcomes and Its Genetic and Modifiable Factors.

Existing metabolomic clocks exhibit deficiencies in capturing the heterogeneous aging rates among individuals with the same chronological age. Yet, the modifiable and non-modifiable factors in metabolomic aging have not been systematically studied. Here, a new aging measure-MetaboAgeMort-is developed using metabolomic profiles from 239,291 UK Biobank participants for 10-year all-cause mortality prediction.

Association between factors in life course and physiological dysregulation among the middle-aged and older population in Zhoushan city of Zhejiang province.

Objective: To analyze the associations between factors in life course and physiological dysregulation in the middle-aged and elderly population in Zhoushan city of Zhejiang province, and the mediating roles of lifestyle and mental health.

Methods: A total of 1553 island residents aged ≥45 years were enrolled from the Zhejiang Metabolic Syndrome Cohort Zhoushan Liuheng Sub-cohort. The demographic information, life course information, lifestyle, and mental health information of participants were documented, and blood samples were collected.

Functional disability and receipt of informal care among Chinese adults living alone with cognitive impairment.

Background: Adults with cognitive impairment are prone to living alone in large numbers but receive relatively little attention. This study aimed to evaluate whether living alone with cognitive impairment was associated with a higher burden of functional disability but lack of informal care.

Methods: 982 observations of adults living alone with cognitive impairment and 50,695 observations of adults living with others and with normal cognition were identified from 4 waves (2011/2012, 2013, 2015, and 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Heterogeneous associations of multiplexed environmental factors and multidimensional aging metrics.

Complicated associations between multiplexed environmental factors and aging are poorly understood. We manipulated aging using multidimensional metrics such as phenotypic age, brain age, and brain volumes in the UK Biobank. Weighted quantile sum regression was used to examine the relative individual contributions of multiplexed environmental factors to aging, and self-organizing maps (SOMs) were used to examine joint effects.

Impact of sarcopenic obesity on heart failure in people with type 2 diabetes and the role of metabolism and inflammation: A prospective cohort study.

Aims: We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of sarcopenic obesity (SO) with the incidence risk of heart failure (HF), and the mediating role of metabolomics and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: 22,496 participants with T2D from the UK Biobank were included. SO was defined as the combination of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m) and sarcopenia (grip strength <27 kg in male or <16 kg in female).

Sex-Specific Association Between Childhood Adversity and Accelerated Biological Aging.

Is childhood adversity associated with biological aging, and if so, does sex modify the association, and do lifestyle and mental health mediate the association? A lifespan analysis is conducted using data on 142 872 participants from the UK Biobank to address these questions. Childhood adversity is assessed through the online mental health questionnaire (2016), including physical neglect, physical abuse, emotional neglect, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and a cumulative score. Biological aging is indicated by telomere length (TL) measured from leukocyte DNA using qPCR, and the shorter TL indicates accelerated biological aging; a lifestyle score is constructed using body mass index, physical activity, drinking, smoking, and diet; mental disorder is assessed using depression, anxiety, and insomnia at the baseline survey.

Trajectories of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Relation to the Risk of Cardiac Arrhythmia: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The aim of the current study was to explore the trajectories, variabilities, and cumulative exposures of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with cardiac arrhythmia (CA) risks.

Methods: In total, 35,739 adults from the Kailuan study were included. BMI and WC were measured repeatedly during the 2006-2010 waves.

Associations of perceived stress with loneliness and depressive symptoms: the mediating role of sleep quality.

Background: Whether perceived stress is associated with loneliness and depressive symptoms in general adults, and to what extent sleep quality mediates the associations, remains unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the associations of perceived stress with loneliness and depressive symptoms, and the mediating role of sleep quality in these associations.

Methods: Cross-sectional data on 734 participants (aged 18-87 years) were analyzed.

Accelerated aging mediates the associations of unhealthy lifestyles with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality.

Background: With two well-validated aging measures capturing mortality and morbidity risk, this study examined whether and to what extent aging mediates the associations of unhealthy lifestyles with adverse health outcomes.

Methods: Data were from 405,944 adults (40-69 years) from UK Biobank (UKB) and 9972 adults (20-84 years) from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). An unhealthy lifestyles score (range: 0-5) was constructed based on five factors (smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, unhealthy body mass index, and unhealthy diet).

Association of Childhood Adversity With Frailty and the Mediating Role of Unhealthy Lifestyle: A Lifespan Analysis.

Objectives: Childhood adversity and lifestyle have been associated with frailty in later life, but not much is known about factors that may explain these associations. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association of childhood adversity with frailty, and the mediating role of unhealthy lifestyle in the association.

Methods: This lifespan analysis included 152,914 adults aged 40-69 years old from the UK Biobank.

Visit-to-visit HbA1c variability, dementia, and hippocampal atrophy among adults without diabetes.

Objectives: Adults without diabetes are not completely healthy; they are probably heterogeneous with several potential health problems. The management of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is crucial among patients with diabetes; but whether similar management strategy is needed for adults without diabetes is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the associations of visit-to-visit HbA1c variability with incident dementia and hippocampal volume among middle-aged and older adults without diabetes, providing potential insights into this question.

Associations Between Frailty and the Increased Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among 38,950 UK Biobank Participants With Prediabetes: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Compared with adults with normal glucose metabolism, those with prediabetes tend to be frail. However, it remains poorly understood whether frailty could identify adults who are most at risk of adverse outcomes related to prediabetes.

Objective: We aimed to systematically evaluate the associations between frailty, a simple health indicator, and risks of multiple adverse outcomes including incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetes-related microvascular disease, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), eye disease, dementia, depression, and all-cause mortality in late life among middle-aged adults with prediabetes.

Associations of Midlife Dietary Patterns with Incident Dementia and Brain Structure: Findings from the UK Biobank Study.

Background: At present, the results on the associations between dietary patterns and risk of dementia are inconsistent, and studies on the associations between dietary patterns and brain structures are limited.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the associations of midlife dietary patterns with incident dementia and brain structures.

Methods: On the basis of the UK Biobank Study, we investigated the 1) prospective associations of 4 healthy dietary pattern indices [healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), Mediterranean diet score (MDS), recommended food score (RFS), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay Diet (MIND)] with incident dementia (identified using linked hospital data; N = 114,684; mean age, 56.

Comparison of healthspan-related indicators between adults with and without HIV infection aged 18-59 in the United States: a secondary analysis of NAHNES 1999-March 2020.

Background: As persons with HIV (PWH) live longer they may experience a heightened burden of poor health. However, few studies have characterized the multi-dimentional health of PWH. Thus, we aimed to identify the extent and pattern of health disparities, both within HIV infection status and across age (or sex) specific groups.

Association of Sarcopenia with Cognitive Function and Dementia Risk Score: A National Prospective Cohort Study.

The relationship between skeletal muscle and cognitive disorders has drawn increasing attention. This study aims to examine the associations of sarcopenia with cognitive function and dementia risk score. Data on 1978 participants (aged 65 years and older) from the 2011 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, with four follow-up waves to 2018, were used.

Association of childhood adversity with frailty and the mediating role of unhealthy lifestyle: Findings from the UK biobank.

Background: Childhood adversity and lifestyle have been associated with frailty in later life, but not much is known about factors that may explain these associations. An unhealthy lifestyle may play an important role in the pathway from childhood adversity to frailty. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association of childhood adversity with frailty, and the mediating role of unhealthy lifestyle in the association.

Weight change across adulthood and accelerated biological aging in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: Little is known regarding the association between weight change and accelerated aging.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the influence of weight change across adulthood on biological aging acceleration in middle-aged and older adults in the United States.

Methods: We used data of 5553 adults (40-84 y) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010.

Transition of cooking fuel types and mortality risk in China, 1991-2015.

Background: The decision for household cooking fuel choice is a complex and multi-dimensional process. This study aims to: 1) examine the trend of cooking fuel types during past decades; and 2) examine the association between switching from polluting to clean fuels for cooking and mortality risk.

Methods: This analysis included data on 39,359 participants from 9 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) (1991-2015).

Association of spouse's health status with the onset of depressive symptoms in partner: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the multidimensional health status of one spouse and the onset of depressive symptoms in partner, and whether the associations differed by gender and residence.

Methods: We analyzed data from 2401 females and their husbands (scenario 1), and 2830 males and their wives (scenario 2) who participated in the 2011/2012 and 2015 waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.

Ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin receptor in relation to metabolic obesity phenotypes: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between iron markers and metabolic obesity phenotypes and the role of age.

Methods: Data were from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. Metabolic obesity phenotypes included metabolically healthy with normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy with normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy with overweight/obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy with overweight/obesity (MUO).