Bacterial Lysate-Based Bifunctional mRNA Nanoformulation for Efficient Colon Cancer Immunogene Therapy.

mRNA-based nonviral gene therapy has played an important role in cancer therapy, however, the limited delivery efficiency and therapeutic capacity still require further exploration and enhancement. Immunogene therapy provides a strategy for cancer treatment. Bacteria are tiny single-celled living organisms, many of which can be found in and on the human body and are beneficial to humans.

Intestinal probiotic-based nanoparticles for cytotoxic siRNA delivery in immunotherapy against cancer.

Immunogene therapy has emerged as strategy against cancer by introducing immune-stimulating components into gene therapy. However, there is still a need for an ideal platform to achieve both immune stimulation and efficient gene delivery. Lactobacillus reuteri has potential immunomodulatory activity owing to its unique antigenicity, which is potentially relevant to cancer progression.

Dual-mRNA Delivery Using Tumor Cell Lysate-Based Multifunctional Nanoparticles as an Efficient Colon Cancer Immunogene Therapy.

Background: Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based immunogene therapy holds significant promise as an emerging tumor therapy approach. However, the delivery efficiency of existing mRNA methods and their effectiveness in stimulating anti-tumor immune responses require further enhancement. Tumor cell lysates containing tumor-specific antigens and biomarkers can trigger a stronger immune response to tumors.

Interleukin-12: Structure, Function, and Its Impact in Colorectal Cancer.

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a heterodimer consisting of 2 subunits, p35 and p40, with unique associations and interacting functions with its family members. IL-12 is one of the most important cytokines regulating the immune system response and is integral to adaptive immunity. IL-12 has shown marked therapeutic potential in a variety of tumor types.

Injectable and Photocurable Gene Scaffold Facilitates Efficient Repair of Spinal Cord Injury.

RNA interference-based gene therapy has led to a strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI) therapy. However, there have been high requirements regarding the optimal gene delivery vector for siRNA-based SCI gene therapy. Here, we developed an injectable and photocurable lipid nanoparticle GelMA (PLNG) hydrogel scaffold for controlled dual siRNA delivery at the SCI wound site.

Efficient Colon Cancer Immunogene Therapy Through Co-Delivery of IL-22BP mRNA and Tumor Cell Lysate by CLSV Nanoparticles.

Background: Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based gene therapy has great potential in cancer treatment. However, the application of mRNA-based cancer treatment could be further developed. Elevated delivery ability and enhanced immune response are advantages for expanding the application of mRNA-based cancer therapy.

Tumor Cell Lysate-Based Multifunctional Nanoparticles Facilitate Enhanced mRNA Delivery and Immune Stimulation for Melanoma Gene Therapy.

Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based gene therapy has great potential for cancer gene therapy. However, the effectiveness of mRNA in cancer therapy needs to be further improved, and the delivery efficiency and instability of mRNA limit the application of mRNA-based products. Both the delivery efficiency can be elevated by cell-penetrating peptide modification, and the immune response can be enhanced by tumor cell lysate stimulation, representing an advantageous strategy to expand the effectiveness of mRNA gene therapy.

Targeted siRNA Delivery by Bioinspired Cancer Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles with Enhanced Anti-Cancer Immunity.

Introduction: Cell-membrane nanocarriers are usually constructed by modifying the nanoparticle surface with cell membrane extracts, which has a direct benefit in endowing targeting capacity to nanocarriers based on their original cell types. However, delivering nucleic acid cargos by cell membrane-based nanoparticles is difficult owing to the strong negative charge of the cell membrane fraction. In this study, we developed a cancer cell membrane-based drug delivery system, the cMDS, for efficient siRNA delivery.

Application of iron oxide nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia.

Leukemia is a malignancy initiated by uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cell from the B and T lineages, resulting in destruction of hematopoietic system. The conventional leukemia treatments induce severe toxic and a long series of unwanted side-effects which are caused by lack of specificity of anti-leukemic drugs. Recently, nanotechnology have shown tremendous application and clinical impact with respect to diagnosis and treatment of leukemia.

Multifunctional nanoparticle for cancer therapy.

Cancer is a complex disease associated with a combination of abnormal physiological process and exhibiting dysfunctions in multiple systems. To provide effective treatment and diagnosis for cancer, current treatment strategies simultaneously focus on various tumor targets. Based on the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanocarriers have been shown to exhibit excellent potential for cancer therapy.

Small molecules in the treatment of COVID-19.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global crisis, and brought severe disruptions to societies and economies. Until now, effective therapeutics against COVID-19 are in high demand. Along with our improved understanding of the structure, function, and pathogenic process of SARS-CoV-2, many small molecules with potential anti-COVID-19 effects have been developed.

Erratum: Microenvironment Activatable Nanoprodrug Based on Gripper-like Cyclic Phenylboronic Acid to Precisely and Effectively Alleviate Drug-induced Hepatitis: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.61214.

Local and Systemic Delivery of the BimS Gene Nano-Complex for Efficient Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Therapy.

Purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, with more than 300,000 new cases annually. Despite advances in existing treatments, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, the overall survival and prognosis have remained poor. However, gene therapy based on non-viral vectors provides new ideas for the treatment of OSCC.

Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, behind only cardiovascular diseases, and is one of the most serious diseases threatening human health nowadays. Cancer patients' lives are being extended by the use of contemporary medical technologies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, these treatments are not always effective in extending cancer patients' lives.

Dual-RNA controlled delivery system inhibited tumor growth by apoptosis induction and TME activation.

Drug-controlled release is recognized as effective for improving compliance with treatment and obtaining better therapeutic efficacy with less toxicity in cancer treatment. However, few reports in this area are involved in nucleic acids delivery, especially in RNA therapeutics delivery. In this study, an injectable hydrogel Methacrylated gelatin (GM) scaffold was introduced into a dual-RNA hybrid delivery complex hybrid lipid particle (HLP) to form a G-HLP/RNAs system.

Efficient Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Degradable LPCE Nano-Conjugate-Delivered p65 siRNA.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases worldwide, causing severe cartilage damage and disability. Despite the recent progress made in RA treatment, limitations remain in achieving early and efficient therapeutic intervention. Advanced therapeutic strategies are in high demand, and siRNA-based therapeutic technology with a gene-silencing ability represents a new approach for RA treatment.

Treatment of Melanoma by Nano-conjugate-Delivered Wee1 siRNA.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based drugs have shown tremendous potential to date in cancer gene therapy. Despite the considerable efforts in siRNA design and manufacturing, unsatisfactory delivery systems persist as a limitation for the application of siRNA-based drugs. In this work, the cholesterol, cell-penetrating peptide conjugate cRGD (R8-cRGD), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were introduced into low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine (LMW PEI) to form cRGD-R9-cholesterol-PEI-PEG (RRCPP) nanoparticles with specific targeting and highly penetrating abilities.

Microenvironment Activatable Nanoprodrug Based on Gripper-like Cyclic Phenylboronic Acid to Precisely and Effectively Alleviate Drug-induced Hepatitis.

Drug-induced hepatitis (DIH), which seriously interferes with disease treatment, is one of the most common reasons for termination of new drugs during preclinical studies or post-marketing surveillance. Although antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents are promising, their nonspecific distribution and insolubility limit their application. Therefore, precise drug release at the disease site is an important way to alleviate DIH and avoid side effects.

Correction: A ROS-scavenging multifunctional nanoparticle for combinational therapy of diabetic nephropathy.

Correction for 'A ROS-scavenging multifunctional nanoparticle for combinational therapy of diabetic nephropathy' by Yuna Tong et al., Nanoscale, 2020, DOI: .

Treatment of Colon Cancer by Degradable rrPPC Nano-Conjugates Delivered STAT3 siRNA.

Background: Drugs that work based on the mechanism of RNA interference have shown strong potential in cancer gene therapy. Although significant progress has been made in small interfering RNA (siRNA) design and manufacturing, ideal delivery system remains a limitation for the development of siRNA-based drugs. Particularly, it is necessary to focus on parameters including delivery efficiency, stability, and safety when developing siRNA formulations for cancer therapy.

Current Progress in Messenger RNA-Based Gene Therapy.

Based on its rapid expression, simple sequence composition, low immunogenicity, and flexible modification possibilities, synthesized mRNA has demonstrated strong potential as a candidate for gene therapy. Many efforts have been made to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and safety. Profiting from the development in pathogenesis and materials science, much progress has been achieved in mRNA-based therapy studies.

A ROS-scavenging multifunctional nanoparticle for combinational therapy of diabetic nephropathy.

Although synergistic therapy for diabetes mellitus has displayed significant promise for the effective treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN), developing a simple and effective strategy to construct multifunctional nanoparticles is still a huge challenge. Moreover, the complicated pathological mechanism of DN involves various pathway dysfunctions that limit the effectiveness of a single therapeutic approach. Herein, hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposite (HMSN) particles doped with trace cerium oxide that exhibit renoprotective activity have been designed, which not only have the ability to prevent ROS-associated DN pathogenesis but also have high drug loading capacity.

Efficient Colorectal Cancer Gene Therapy with IL-15 mRNA Nanoformulation.

Immunogene therapy is a novel method for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cytokine IL-15 has exhibited therapeutic anticancer potential due to its immune-stimulation property. However, conventional IL-15-based cancer gene therapy studies have been performed using the plasmid DNA form, which has potential shortcomings including weak delivery efficiency and backbone effect.