Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals That AhNHL Contributes to Melatonin-Mediated Cadmium Tolerance in Peanut Plants.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution significantly hampers cleaner production of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Therefore, exploring of tolerance mechanisms to Cd stress and breeding of low-Cd peanut cultivars are urgently needed and require intense efforts.

PSC1, a basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor controlling the purplish-red testa trait in peanut.

Seed color is a key agronomic trait in crops such as peanut, where it is a vital indicator of both nutritional and commercial value. In recent years, peanuts with darker seed coats have gained market attention due to their high anthocyanin content. Here, we used bulk segregant analysis to identify the gene associated with the purplish-red coat trait and identified a novel gene encoding a basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor, PURPLE RED SEED COAT1 (PSC1), which regulates the accumulation of anthocyanins in the seed coat.

Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Flavonoid-Mediated Regulation of Seed Antioxidant Properties in Peanut Seed Vigor.

Peanut ( L.) is an oilseed crop grown worldwide. Flavonoids have profound benefits for plant growth and development because of their powerful antioxidant properties.

Homologous mapping yielded a comprehensive predicted protein-protein interaction network for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Background: Protein-protein interactions are the primary means through which proteins carry out their functions. These interactions thus have crucial roles in life activities. The wide availability of fully sequenced animal and plant genomes has facilitated establishment of relatively complete global protein interaction networks for some model species.

Factors associated with psychological insulin resistance among patients with type 2 diabetes in China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand the psychological insulin resistance status among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and investigate its associated factors in these patients.

Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling was performed to randomly select patients with type 2 diabetes from the eastern, central, and western regions in Shandong Province, China, and 660 valid questionnaires were collected. Psychological insulin resistance was assessed by the scale of My Opinion on Insulin (MOI).

Dynamic N -methyladenosine RNA modification regulates peanut resistance to bacterial wilt.

N -methyladenosine (m A) is the most abundant mRNA modification in eukaryotes and is an important regulator of gene expression as well as many other critical biological processes. However, the characteristics and functions of m A in peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) resistance to bacterial wilt (BW) remain unknown.

Coordinated Lipid Mobilization during Seed Development and Germination in Peanut ( L.).

Peanut ( L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the world due to its lipid-rich seeds. Lipid accumulation and degradation play crucial roles in peanut seed maturation and seedling establishment, respectively.

The urban-rural disparities and factors associated with the utilization of public health services among diabetes patients in China.

Background: Basic public health services for diabetes play an essential role in controlling glycemia in patients with diabetes. This study was conducted to understand the urban-rural disparities in the utilization of basic public health services for people with diabetes and the factors influencing them.

Methods: The data were obtained from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) with 2976 diabetes patients.

Dynamic DNA methylation modification in peanut seed development.

Cytosine methylation is an important epigenetic modification involved in regulation of plant development. However, the epigenetic mechanisms governing peanut seed development remain unclear. Herein, we generated DNA methylation profiles of developmental seeds of peanut H2014 and its smaller seed mutant H1314 at 15 and 60 days after pegging (DAP, S1, S4).

PSW1, an LRR receptor kinase, regulates pod size in peanut.

Pod size is a key agronomic trait that greatly determines peanut yield, the regulatory genes and molecular mechanisms that controlling peanut pod size are still unclear. Here, we used quantitative trait locus analysis to identify a peanut pod size regulator, POD SIZE/WEIGHT1 (PSW1), and characterized the associated gene and protein. PSW1 encoded leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) and positively regulated pod stemness.

Chromatin spatial organization of wild type and mutant peanuts reveals high-resolution genomic architecture and interaction alterations.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) chromatin organization provides a critical foundation to investigate gene expression regulation and cellular homeostasis.

Results: Here, we present the first 3D genome architecture maps in wild type and mutant allotetraploid peanut lines, which illustrate A/B compartments, topologically associated domains (TADs), and widespread chromatin interactions. Most peanut chromosomal arms (52.

Comprehensive Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Candidate Genes for Variation in Seed Size/Weight During Peanut ( L.) Domestication.

Seed size/weight, a key domestication trait, is also an important selection target during peanut breeding. However, the mechanisms that regulate peanut seed development are unknown. We re-sequenced 12 RNA samples from developing seeds of two cultivated peanut accessions (Lines 8106 and 8107) and wild at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days past flowering (DPF).

MicroRNA transcriptomic analysis of the sixth leaf of maize (Zea mays L.) revealed a regulatory mechanism of jointing stage heterosis.

Background: Zhengdan 958 (Zheng 58 × Chang 7-2), a commercial hybrid that is produced in a large area in China, is the result of the successful use of the heterotic pattern of Reid × Tang-SPT. The jointing stage of maize is the key period from vegetative to reproductive growth, which determines development at later stages and heterosis to a certain degree. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the regulation of plant development, but how they function in the sixth leaf at the six-leaf (V6) stage to influence jointing stage heterosis is still unclear.

Transcriptomic analyses reveal the expression and regulation of genes associated with resistance to early leaf spot in peanut.

Objective: Early leaf spot (ELS) caused by Cercospora arachidicola (Hori) is a serious foliar disease in peanut worldwide, which causes considerable reduction of yield. Identification of resistance genes is important for both conventional and molecular breeding. Few resistance genes have been identified and the mechanism of defense responses to this pathogen remains unknown.

Metabolomics Response for Drought Stress Tolerance in Chinese Wheat Genotypes ().

Metabolomics is an effective biotechnological tool that can be used to attain comprehensive information on metabolites. In this study, the profiles of metabolites produced by wheat seedlings in response to drought stress were investigated using an untargeted approach with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) to determine various physiological processes related to drought tolerance from the cross between drought-tolerant genotype (HX10) and drought-sensitive genotype (YN211). The current study results showed that under drought stress, HX10 exhibited higher growth indices than YN211.

Comparison of with Diploid and Cultivated Tetraploid Genomes Reveals Asymmetric Subgenome Evolution and Improvement of Peanut.

Like many important crops, peanut is a polyploid that underwent polyploidization, evolution, and domestication. The wild allotetraploid peanut species () is an important and unique link from the wild diploid species to cultivated tetraploid species in the lineage. However, little is known about and its role in the evolution and domestication of this important crop.