High Expression of Improves Early Development of Pig Embryos Produced by Handmade Cloning.

Handmade Cloning (HMC) is a pivotal technique for cloning pig embryos. Despite its significance, the low efficiency of this method hampers its widespread application. Although numerous factors and signaling pathways influencing embryo development have been studied, the mechanisms underlying low developmental capacity and insufficient reprogramming of cloned embryos remain elusive.

Single-cell spatial transcriptomic and translatomic profiling of dopaminergic neurons in health, aging, and disease.

The brain is spatially organized and contains unique cell types, each performing diverse functions and exhibiting differential susceptibility to neurodegeneration. This is exemplified in Parkinson's disease with the preferential loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta. Using a Parkinson's transgenic model, we conducted a single-cell spatial transcriptomic and dopaminergic neuron translatomic analysis of young and old mouse brains.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals high-risk clones of in Guangdong, China.

The ever-increasing prevalence of infections produced by multidrug-resistant or extensively drug-resistant is commonly linked to a limited number of aptly-named epidemical 'high-risk clones' that are widespread among and within hospitals worldwide. The emergence of new potential high-risk clone strains in hospitals highlights the need to better and further understand the underlying genetic mechanisms for their emergence and success. related high-risk clones have been sporadically found in China, their genome sequences have rarely been described.

A cellular hierarchy in melanoma uncouples growth and metastasis.

Although melanoma is notorious for its high degree of heterogeneity and plasticity, the origin and magnitude of cell-state diversity remains poorly understood. Equally, it is unclear whether growth and metastatic dissemination are supported by overlapping or distinct melanoma subpopulations. Here, by combining mouse genetics, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, lineage tracing and quantitative modelling, we provide evidence of a hierarchical model of tumour growth that mirrors the cellular and molecular logic underlying the cell-fate specification and differentiation of the embryonic neural crest.

PDCD4-mediated downregulation of burden in macrophages.

Introduction: Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system and defend against invading pathogens. Previous reports have shown that infection with Listeria monocytogenes upregulates miR-21a expression in macrophages.

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to verify whether programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is involved in the high bacterial burden observed in macrophages during late-stage L.

Low-Concentration Essential Amino Acids in PZM-3 Improve the Developmental Competence of Porcine Embryos Produced by Handmade Cloning.

Essential amino acids (EAA) of inappropriate concentration have been reported to compromise the development of embryo. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EAA on the developmental competence of porcine embryos produced by either handmade cloning (HMC) or parthenogenetic activation (PA). In experiment 1, we examined the developmental competence of PA embryos after culture in PZM-3 containing different concentrations (v/v) of EAA (0%, 1%, and 2%).

miR-21a in exosomes from Lewis lung carcinoma cells accelerates tumor growth through targeting PDCD4 to enhance expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

In patients with lung cancer, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to be significantly increased. Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) from various cancers played a critical role in MDSC induction. However, studies on the molecular mechanism underlying MDSC expansion induced by exosomes from lung cancer cells are still limited.

MicroRNA-146a promotes IgE class switch in B cells via upregulating 14-3-3σ expression.

B cells play a critical role in immune responses both in physiological and pathological conditions, and microRNAs have been shown to play important roles in regulating B cell proliferation and function. MiR-146a has been shown to modulate T cell immunity, but its function in regulating B cell response remains partially understood. Our previous studies indicated that germinal center (GC) B cells are significantly expanded in miR-146a-overexpressing (TG) mice.

Transgenic Wuzhishan minipigs designed to express a dominant-negative porcine growth hormone receptor display small stature and a perturbed insulin/IGF-1 pathway.

Growth hormone (GH) is an anabolic mitogen with widespread influence on cellular growth and differentiation as well as on glucose and lipid metabolism. GH binding to the growth hormone receptor (GHR) on hepatocytes prompts expression of insulin growth factor I (IGF-1) involved in nutritionally induced compensatory hyperplasia of pancreatic β-cell islets and insulin release. A prolonged hyperactivity of the IGF-1/insulin axis in the face of insulinotropic nutrition, on the other hand, can lead to collapse of the pancreatic islets and glucose intolerance.

Generation of outbred Ace2 knockout mice by RNA transfection of TALENs displaying colitis reminiscent pathophysiology and inflammation.

The angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a key factor in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Dysregulation of homeostasis can lead to inflammation of the colon (colitis), which can cause life-threatening enfeeblement or even cancer. Animal models are valuable surrogates in deciphering the pathology behind such human conditions and for screening of putative therapeutic targets or treatment paradigms.

[Production of GHR double-allelic knockout Bama pig by TALENs and handmade cloning].

DNA editing techniques for targeted genome modification have witnessed remarkable advances and been widely used in various organisms. However, traditional gene targeting and cloning method has been shown to be low efficient, time-consuming and expensive for generating knockout animals, especially for big animals. Here we report the generation of site-specific genome modified pig with the newly developed artificially engineered sequence-specific endonucleases (transcription activator-like effector nuclease, TALENs) and handmade cloning (HMC) methods.

Role of the TGFβ/p65 pathway in tanshinone ⅡA-treated HBZY‑1 cells.

Tanshinone ⅡA (TⅡA) is widely used for the treatment of a number human diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN) (1). The present study was performed to examine the role of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)/p65 pathway under TⅡA treatment in a glomerular mesangial cell model of DN. Firstly, it was identified that TⅡA inhibited the proliferation of HBZY‑1 cells, while simultaneously suppressing the expression of TGFβ and p65.

MIR125B1 represses the degradation of the PML-RARA oncoprotein by an autophagy-lysosomal pathway in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by the t(15;17)-associated PML-RARA fusion gene. We have previously found that MIR125B1 is highly expressed in patients with APL and may be associated with disease pathogenesis; however, the mechanism by which MIR125B1 exerts its oncogenic potential has not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that MIR125B1 abundance correlates with the PML-RARA status.

Molecular mapping and validation of a major QTL conferring resistance to a defoliating isolate of verticillium wilt in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Verticillium wilt (VW) caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb is one of the most destructive diseases of cotton. Development and use of a VW resistant variety is the most practical and effective way to manage this disease. Identification of highly resistant genes/QTL and the underlining genetic architecture is a prerequisite for developing a VW resistant variety.

Camptothecin induces apoptosis in cancer cells via microRNA-125b-mediated mitochondrial pathways.

Camptothecin (CPT) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of patients with cancer. The mechanisms underlying CPT-mediated responses in cancer cells are not fully understood. MicroRNA (miRNA) play important roles in tumorigenesis and drug sensitivity.

A set of miRNAs that involve in the pathways of drug resistance and leukemic stem-cell differentiation is associated with the risk of relapse and glucocorticoid response in childhood ALL.

Relapse is a major challenge in the successful treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Despite intensive research efforts, the mechanisms of ALL relapse are still not fully understood. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying treatment outcome, therapy response and the biology of relapse is required.

miR-125b, a target of CDX2, regulates cell differentiation through repression of the core binding factor in hematopoietic malignancies.

MicroRNA-125b (miR-125b), a small noncoding RNA molecule, has been found to be deregulated and functions as an oncogene in many cancers including hematopoietic malignancies. However, the mechanisms accounting for miR-125b dysregulation remain to be elucidated. The present study aims to identify the factors that might contribute to up-regulation of miR-125b in human hematopoietic malignancies and its downstream targets for lineage-specific differentiation.

Upregulation of microRNA-125b contributes to leukemogenesis and increases drug resistance in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Background: Although current chemotherapy regimens have remarkably improved the cure rate of pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) over the past decade, more than 20% of patients still die of the disease, and the 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse is 17%. The precise gene pathways that exert critical control over the determination of cell lineage fate during the development of pediatric APL remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed miR-125b expression in 169 pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) samples including 76 APL samples before therapy and 38 APL samples after therapy.

Down-regulated miR-331-5p and miR-27a are associated with chemotherapy resistance and relapse in leukaemia.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) and disease relapse are challenging clinical problems in the treatment of leukaemia. Relapsed disease is frequently refractory to chemotherapy and exhibits multiple drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to identify the mechanism by which cancer cells develop resistance.

Identification, bioinformatic analysis and expression profiling of candidate mRNA-like non-coding RNAs in Sus scrofa.

Messenger RNA-like non-coding RNAs (mlncRNAs) are a newly identified group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that may be involved in a number of critical cellular events. In this study, 93 candidate porcine mlncRNAs were obtained by computational prediction and screening, among which 72 were mapped to the porcine genome. Further analysis of 8 representative candidates revealed that these mlncRNA candidates are not highly conserved among species.