1-Deoxynojirimycin affects high glucose-induced pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction through regulating CEBPA expression and AMPK pathway.

This study aims to explore the role of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) in high glucose-induced β-cells and to further explore the molecular mechanism of DNJ effect on β-cells through network pharmacology. In the study, high glucose treatment of mouse INS-1 cells inhibited cell proliferation and insulin secretion, decreased the expression of Bcl-2 protein and Ins1 and Ins2 genes, promoted apoptosis, and increased cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 expression levels as well as intracellular reactive oxygen species production. DNJ treatment significantly restored the dysfunction of INS-1 cells induced by high glucose, and DNJ showed no toxicity to normal INS-1 cells.

Study on the molecular mechanism of dihydromyricetin in alleviating liver cirrhosis based on network pharmacology.

Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a bioactive flavonoid extracted from Hovenia dulcis, which has various activities. In the present study, the molecular mechanism of dihydromyricetin (DHM) in relieving liver cirrhosis was investigated through network pharmacology and experimental verification. The cell model was induced by TGF-β1 activating the human hepatic stellate cell line (HSC; LX-2).

A putative pyruvate transporter TaBASS2 positively regulates salinity tolerance in wheat via modulation of ABI4 expression.

Background: High salinity adversely affects crop production. Pyruvic acid is the precursor of abscisic acid (ABA) and other chemicals that are synthesized in chloroplast, some of which are involved in the response to salt. The transportation of pyruvic acid into chloroplast is mediated by pyruvate transporters.

A wheat allene oxide cyclase gene enhances salinity tolerance via jasmonate signaling.

One of the two branches of the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway is catalyzed by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase I, and the other is involved in jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis. The former is known to be active in the response to salinity tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum), but the participation of the latter in this response has not been established as yet. Here, the salinity-responsive bread wheat gene TaAOC1, which encodes an allene oxide cyclase involved in the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway, was constitutively expressed in both bread wheat and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Isolation and characterization of a bread wheat salinity responsive ERF transcription factor.

A screen conducted on both a suppression subtractive hybridization and a full length cDNA library made from a salinity tolerant bread wheat cultivar SR3 (Triticum aestivum cv. SR3) resulted in the recognition of TaERF4, a gene including both an AP2/ERF domain and a nuclear localization signal. The 982 bp TaERF4 cDNA comprised a 582 bp open reading frame, encoding a 193 residue polypeptide of molecular weight 20 kDa and calculated pI 8.

TaCHP: a wheat zinc finger protein gene down-regulated by abscisic acid and salinity stress plays a positive role in stress tolerance.

The plant response to abiotic stresses involves both abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. Here we describe TaCHP, a CHP-rich (for cysteine, histidine, and proline rich) zinc finger protein family gene extracted from bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), is differentially expressed during abiotic stress between the salinity-sensitive cultivar Jinan 177 and its tolerant somatic hybrid introgression cultivar Shanrong No.3.