Stacking model framework reveals clinical biochemical data and dietary behavior features associated with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes, accounting for around 90% of all diabetes. Studies have found that dietary habits and biochemical metabolic changes are closely related to T2DM disease surveillance, but early surveillance tools are not specific and have lower accuracy. This paper aimed to provide a reliable artificial intelligence model with high accuracy for the clinical diagnosis of T2DM.

Exploring the mechanism of comorbidity in patients with T1DM and COVID-19: Integrating bioinformatics and Mendelian randomization methods.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has increased. Additionally, evidence suggests that individuals with diabetes mellitus may have increased susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. However, the specific causal relationships and interaction mechanisms between T1DM and COVID-19 remain unclear.

Abnormal brain regional activity in acute thyrotoxic myopathy assessed by resting-state functional MRI.

Background: The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying manifestations of bulbar paralysis in acute thyrotoxic myopathy (ATM) and the afflicted brain areas are unclear.

Purpose: We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to evaluate the regional brain activities in patients with ATM.

Material And Methods: In total, 16 patients with ATM, 16 patients with hyperthyroidism without ATM, and 16 healthy controls underwent functional MRI scans.

Identification of potential biomarkers of gout through weighted gene correlation network analysis.

Background: Although hyperuricemia is not always associated with acute gouty arthritis, uric acid is a significant risk factor for gout. Therefore, we investigated the specific mechanism of uric acid activity.

Methods: Using the gout-associated transcriptome dataset GSE160170, we conducted differential expression analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome: a population-based study in China.

Introduction: The relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains debatable. In the present study, we analysed the link between total sleep duration (including nighttime sleep and nap duration) and MetS as well as its components among the Chinese population.

Material And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from a prospective population cohort including 8616 participants over 40 years in Guangxi, China, evaluated from April 2011 to January 2012.

The potential causal association between systemic lupus erythematosus and endocrine and metabolic disorders in the East Asian population: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Observational studies indicate a significant correlation between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and endocrine and metabolic disorders, but the causal association between SLE and endocrine and metabolic disorders remains unclear due to the reverse causality and confounding biases commonly presented in conventional observational research. This study endeavors to uncover the causal association between SLE and three common endocrine and metabolic disorders, including Graves' disease (GD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and osteoporosis (OP).

Methods: We used genome-wide association study data for SLE and three endocrine and metabolic disorders in an East Asian population, employing bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and sensitivity analysis to ascertain the causal association between SLE and endocrine and metabolic disorders.

Meta-Analysis on the Association Between DPP-4 Inhibitors and Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis.

Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexists with osteoporosis and reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), a class of antihyperglycemic agents, are commonly employed in T2DM treatment. However, the influence of DPP-4i on bone health remains unclear and debated.

Germline PRKACA amplification-associated primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease: a case report and literature review.

Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is a rare adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing's syndrome (CS). Pediatric patients with PPNAD typically have unusual skin lesions and slow growth with unknown causes. We present a case of a female Chinese patient with PPNAD caused by the germline PRKACA gene copy number gain of chromosome 19.

The mystery of transient pregnancy-induced cushing's syndrome: a case report and literature review highlighting GNAS somatic mutations and LHCGR overexpression.

Purpose: Transient pregnancy-induced Cushing's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the manifestation of symptoms solely during pregnancy, which typically resolve spontaneously following delivery or miscarriage. While it has been established that GNAS is associated with adrenal tumors, its specific role in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-induced Cushing's syndrome remains uncertain.This work aims to examine the association between GNAS mutation and pregnancy-induced Cushing's syndrome.

U-shaped association between triglyceride and risk of incident diabetes in normoglycemic males with NAFLD: A population-base cohort study.

Serum triglyceride (TG) was an important biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the association between TG and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus is still under debate with some studies suggesting that elevated TG increase the risk of incident T2DM while others indicative of a negative relationship. These controversial findings may be partially due to the inclusion of the participants with NAFLD. The association between TG and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with NAFLD remained unclear.

Ultrasound measurement of vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscle parameters to identify chronic thyrotoxic myopathy.

Introduction: Chronic thyrotoxic myopathy (CTM) is a common, easily neglected complication of hyperthyroidism. There are currently no standard diagnostic criteria for CTM, and the ultrasonic characteristics of CTM-affected skeletal muscle remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to evaluate hyperthyroid patients for CTM by ultrasound and identify ultrasonic muscle parameter cutoffs for CTM diagnosis.

LRP6 Bidirectionally Regulates Insulin Sensitivity through Insulin Receptor and S6K Signaling in Rats with CG-IUGR.

Objective: Intrauterine growth restriction followed by postnatal catch-up growth (CG-IUGR) increases the risk of insulin resistance-related diseases. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) plays a substantial role in glucose metabolism. However, whether LRP6 is involved in the insulin resistance of CG-IUGR is unclear.

Reproductive factors and metabolic syndrome among Chinese women aged 40 years and older.

Background: The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between reproductive variables and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Chinese women aged 40 years and older.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4453 women aged 40 years and older in Guangxi, China. The associations between women's reproductive factors and MetS were analyzed using a logistic regression model.

TSAb Modulates Microglia M1 Polarization via Activation of the TSHR-Mediated NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Introduction: Thyrotropin receptor-stimulating antibody (TSAb) is a pathogenic antibody in the serum of patients with Graves' disease. The binding of TSAb to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) in non-thyroid tissue may be associated with the occurrence and development of Graves' disease-related complications. However, only few studies have been conducted on the effects of TSAb on the brain, and the pathogenesis of acute hyperthyroidism myopathy (ATM) is unclear.

GLP-1 RA Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Protecting the Blood-Retinal Barrier through GLP-1R-ROCK-p-MLC Signaling Pathway.

Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are common clinical agents that are clinically protective against diabetic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). Previous studies have shown that the RhoA/ROCK pathway plays an important role in the development of DR. However, the specific mechanism of action between GLP-1RA and DR remains unclear.

The diagnostic value of blood cell-derived indexes in subacute thyroiditis patients with thyrotoxicosis: a retrospective study.

Background: Both subacute thyroiditis (SAT) and Graves' disease (GD) can lead to thyrotoxicosis, but the methods to distinguish these two diseases are relatively complex. Therefore, it is necessary to find biomarkers which can quickly and efficiently identify the two kinds of thyrotoxicosis. Blood cell-derived indexes are widely used to evaluate systemic inflammation.

The Resting-State Brain Network Functional Connectivity Changes in Patients With Acute Thyrotoxic Myopathy Based on Independent Component Analysis.

Objective: The independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to explore the correlation between clinical manifestation and the functional connectivity changes of the sensorimotor network (SMN) and left frontoparietal network (LFPN) in patients with acute thyrotoxic myopathy (ATM), which was expected to provide a functional imaging basis for the exploration of the pathophysiological mechanism of ATM.

Methods: 13 ATM patients (ATM) and 12 non-ATM patients (nATM) who met the diagnostic and inclusion criteria were enrolled. Their resting-state brain function images were obtained with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Case Report: A Novel Variant in a Chinese Pedigree of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young.

Background: We aimed to analyze a novel variant of a Chinese patient with suspected maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and to provide evidence for precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Method: A Chinese family with suspected MODY was recruited in this study, which included a 15-year-old female patient with diabetes. Clinical data and blood samples were collected from the proband and other family members.

Epidemiological survey of the status of iodine nutrition and thyroid diseases in Guangxi, China.

Objective: To survey the status of iodine nutrition and the prevalence of thyroid diseases in Guangxi, China, and to explore the risk factors for positive thyroid antibody.

Methods: We used the multistage stratified cluster random sampling method to select a total of 2488 subjects from an urban and a rural location. All the subjects completed a questionnaire survey, blood and urine samples were also collected, and B-mode thyroid ultrasound was used to determine thyroid function and detect thyroid antibodies.

Waist-to-height ratio, an optimal anthropometric indicator for metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in the Western Chinese male population.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been entitled as metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Therefore anthropometric indicators of adiposity may provide a non-invasive predictive and diagnostic tool for this disease. This study intended to validate and compare the MAFLD predictive and diagnostic capability of eight anthropometric indicators.

Curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of adrenocortical carcinoma: Identification of potential candidate genes and pathways by transcriptome analysis.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an endocrine tumour with high malignancy, high invasiveness and poor prognosis. Curcumin, a major component in turmeric, has been reported to have good efficacy and biological safety in treating cancer. However, the role and mechanism of curcumin in ACC have not yet been fully investigated and were thus the focus of this study.