Catalyst-Free Oxidation of Styrene to Styrene Oxide Using Circulating Microdroplets in an Oxygen Atmosphere.

Water microdroplets possess unique interfacial properties that enable chemical reactions to occur spontaneously and increase the reaction rate by orders of magnitude. In this study, water containing styrene (SY) was cyclically sprayed into the air to form microdroplets with an average diameter of 6.7 μm.

Mechanism of lncRNA SNHG16 on kidney clear cell carcinoma cells by targeting miR-506-3p/ETS1/RAS/ERK molecular axis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of long noncoding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) SNHG16 on kidney clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) cells by targeting miR-506-3p/ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor (ETS1)/RAS/Extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) molecular axis, thus to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of KIRC in the future.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with KIRC were enrolled in this study, and their carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were obtained for the detection of SNHG16/miR-506-3p/ETS1/RAS/ERK expression. Then, over-expressed SNHG16 plasmid and silenced plasmid were transfected into KIRC cells to observe the changes of their biological behavior.

Deep eutectic solvent-based blended membranes for ultra-super selective separation of SO.

SO is a major atmospheric pollutant leading to acid rain and smog. As a new generation of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been widely investigated for gas capture. Nevertheless, studies on DES-based membranes for SO separation are yet minimal.

Iridium-phosphine ligand complexes as an alternative to rhodium-based catalysts for the efficient hydroformylation of propene.

Expensive rhodium (Rh)-based catalysts have been widely used for the hydroformylation of propene. To find a cheaper and effective alternative to these Rh-based catalysts, herein, a series of phosphine ligands were used to coordinate with iridium, and their catalytic reactivities for the hydroformylation of propene were systematically investigated in this study. The effects of different phosphine ligands, pressures, temperatures, and catalyst dosages on the hydroformylation of propene were investigated.

Ionic Liquids Endowed with Novel Hybrid Anions for Supercapacitors.

The synthesis of a novel class of ionic liquids (ILs) with sulfimide-type anions is presented herein. [Py][PTSNTF] (-butyl--methylpyrrolidinium -tosyl(trifluoromethyl)sulfonimide) shows that the maximal electrochemical window is as high as 5.3 V, higher than that of most reported ILs.

Study on the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons and propylene.

In order to improve the efficiency of the alkylation reaction to aromatic hydrocarbons and propylene, different types of catalysts were screened, including ultra-stable Y molecular sieves (USY), solid phosphoric acid (SPA), ZSM type molecular sieve (HZSM), etc. The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading, and reaction time on the conversion rate of aromatic hydrocarbons and the selectivity of target products were investigated using the high-pressure reaction device. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, FT-IR, NH-TPD, and other methods.

Aerobic oxidation of aldehydes to acids in water with cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene copper under mild conditions.

In this work, cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene copper ((CAAC)Cu) catalyzed aerobic oxidation of aldehydes in water at room temperature has been reported. Good to excellent yields were obtained using different substrates. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed, in which (CAAC)Cu dioxygen activates the C-H bond of aldehyde with a low barrier of 10.

Reductive amination of ketones/aldehydes with amines using BHN(CH) as a reductant.

Herein, we report the first example of efficient reductive amination of ketones/aldehydes with amines using BHN(CH) as a catalyst and a reductant under mild conditions, affording various tertiary and secondary amines in excellent yields. A mechanistic study indicates that BHN(CH) plays a dual function role of promoting imine and iminium formation and serving as a reductant in reductive amination.

B(C F ) -Catalyzed Tandem Friedel-Crafts and C-H/C-O Coupling Reactions of Dialkylanilines.

Tandem Friedel-Crafts (FC) and C-H/C-O coupling reactions catalyzed by tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane (B(C F ) ) were achieved without using any other additive in the absence of solvent. This process can be used for the reactions between a series of dialkylanilines and vinyl ethers with good isolated yields of bis(4-dialkylaminophenyl) compounds. Based on combined theoretical and experimental studies, the possible reaction mechanism was proposed.

Experimental and theoretical study on the cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene-copper catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction of N,N-dialkylanilines with styrenes.

The Friedel-Crafts reaction of alkalinous substrates is challenging because of the coordination between amines and traditional acid catalysts. Based on theoretical research, we designed a catalytic process for the Friedel-Crafts reactions of N,N-dialkylanilines in the presence of CAAC-CuCl [CAAC = cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene] and KB(CF). Experimental results show that the catalytic system is suitable for a series of N,N-dialkylanilines and styrenes with good to excellent yields of para-selectivity products.

Self-enhancement of CO reversible absorption accompanied by phase transition in protic chlorocuprate ionic liquids for effective CO separation from N.

An efficient strategy for the high-capacity capture of CO is reported, and a phase change in protic chlorocuprate ionic liquids (PCILs) from liquid to solid is found during CO absorption. The highest CO capacity is 0.96 molCO molIL-1, being at least 150 times higher than that in [BMIM][PF6].

Hydrogenation of CO to Formate with H : Transition Metal Free Catalyst Based on a Lewis Pair.

Hydrogenation of CO to formate with H in the absence of transition metal is a long-standing challenge in catalysis. The reactions between tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF) and K CO (or KHCO ) are found to form a Lewis pair (K [(BCF) -CO ]) which can react with both H and CO to produce formate. Based on these stoichiometric reactions, the first catalytic hydrogenation process of CO to formate using transition metal free catalyst (BCF/M CO , M=Na, K, and Cs) is reported.

Friedel-Crafts Reaction of N,N-Dimethylaniline with Alkenes Catalyzed by Cyclic Diaminocarbene-Gold(I) Complex.

In general, Friedel-Crafts reaction is incompatible with amines due to the Lewis acidity of the catalysts. Recently, we reported that cyclic diaminocarbene-Gold(I) can be used as catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation between aromatic amines and alkenes. Herein, a systematically theoretical research was performed on this rare Friedel-Crafts reaction.

Unexpectedly efficient SO capture and conversion to sulfur in novel imidazole-based deep eutectic solvents.

An innovative strategy for sustainable SO capture and conversion in novel imidazole-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is demonstrated in this work. These DESs exhibit an extremely high SO loading capacity (up to 1.39 g g) and excellent reversibility (15 recycles).

Catalyst-free N-formylation of amines using BHNH and CO under mild conditions.

The catalyst-free N-formylation of amines using CO as the C source and BHNH as the reductant has been developed for the first time. The corresponding formylated products of both primary and secondary amines are obtained in good to excellent yields (up to 96% of isolated yield) under mild conditions.

Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from Carbon Dioxide and Methanol at Room Temperature Using Imidazolium Hydrogen Carbonate Ionic Liquid as a Recyclable Catalyst and Dehydrant.

The direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO and CH OH was achieved at room temperature with 74 % CH OH conversion in the presence of an imidazolium hydrogen carbonate ionic liquid ([C C Im][HCO ]). Experimental and theoretical results reveal that [C C Im][HCO ] can transform quickly into a CO adduct, which serves as an effective catalyst and dehydrant. Its dehydration ability is reversible.

[The Sun Glint Area Reflectance Calculation of VIIRS Middle Infrared Channel in South Indian Ocean Based on Improved Nonlinear Split Window Model].

The energy received through remote sensing sensors contains the amount of reflected solar energy and emitted energy of objects in middle-wave infrared (MWIR, 3~5 μm). Usually, the reflected solar energy is weak in MWIR spectrum. In some certain situations like sun glint area in sea surface, however, the energy is relatively significant and less sensitive to atmospheric effects.

Air-Stable (CAAC)CuCl and (CAAC)CuBH4 Complexes as Catalysts for the Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of BH3NH3.

The first stable copper borohydride complex [(CAAC)CuBH4] [CAAC = cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene] bearing a single monodentate ligand was prepared by addition of NaBH4 or BH3NH3 to the corresponding [(CAAC)CuCl] complex. Both complexes are air-stable and promote the catalytic hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane. The amount of hydrogen released reaches 2.

The effect of nano confinement on the C-h activation and its corresponding structure-activity relationship.

The C-H activation of methane, ethane, and t-butane on inner and outer surfaces of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube (NCNTs) are investigated using density functional theory. It includes NCNTs with different diameters, different N and O concentrations, and different types (armchair and zigzag). A universal structure-reactivity relationship is proposed to characterize the C-H activation occurring both on the inner and outer surfaces of the nano channel.

Gold-catalyzed hydroarylation of alkenes with dialkylanilines.

Anti-Bredt di(amino)carbene supported gold(I) chloride complexes are readily prepared in two steps from the corresponding isocyanide complexes. In the presence of KB(C6F5)4 as chloride scavenger, they promote the unprecedented hydroarylation reaction of alkenes with N,N-dialkylanilines with high para-selectivity. The latter are challenging arenes for Friedel-Craft reactions, due to their high basicity.

Dual Lewis Base Functionalization of Ionic Liquids for Highly Efficient and Selective Capture of H S.

Three dual Lewis base functionalized ionic liquids (DLB-ILs) tethered with both carboxyl and tertiary amine groups on their anions were designed for highly efficient and selective absorption of H S. It was found that the DLB-ILs could reversibly absorb 0.39-0.

Approaching and bond breaking energies in the C-H activation and their application in catalyst design.

It was found that the C-H activation barrier can be divided into two parts: C-H approaching and bond breaking energies. The C-H approaching process starts from the reactant and ends at a cross-point structure which is followed by the C-H breaking process. This finding was proved by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) analysis, vibration frequency (VF) analysis, atom-centered density matrix propagation (ADMP) calculation, and potential energy surface (PES) scan.

Two unexpected roles of water: assisting and preventing functions in the oxidation of methane and methanol catalyzed by porphyrin-Fe and porphyrin-SH-Fe.

The C-H activation of methane and the O-H activation of methanol catalyzed by porphyrin-Fe and porphyrin-SH-Fe with water molecules in the microenvironment were investigated. It was found that there were two absolutely opposite regions in the vicinity of porphyrin-Fe. In one region (W1), water molecule can prevent the reaction, whereas in the other region (W2), water molecule can assist the reaction.