Low false-positive lymph nodes for 18 F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors PET/computed tomography in preoperative staging of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 18 F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/computed tomography (CT) in identifying primary tumors and mediastinal lymph node metastases in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with histopathological findings serving as the reference standard.

Methods: Nineteen patients underwent preoperative 18 F-FAPI PET/CT and subsequent surgery; of these, 13 also underwent 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT within 1 week. The diagnostic accuracy of primary tumors and lymph node metastases was evaluated for both modalities.

Assessing osteoporosis and bone mineral density through F-NaF uptake at lumbar spine.

Objectives: The use of F-Sodium fluoride (NaF) PET/CT is established in the detection of metastatic bone disease, yet its utility in osteoporosis remains underexplored. This research aims to assess the variations in F-NaF uptake among individuals with differing bone mineral density (BMD) and to examine the relationship between F-NaF uptake and BMD.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 199 patients (average age 56 ± 6, comprising 52 males and 147 females) with a history of cancer were analyzed.

Development of a predictive nomogram for intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer patients after fixed 3.7GBq (100mCi) radioiodine remnant ablation.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a predictive nomogram for intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients after fixed 3.7GBq (100mCi) radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA).

Methods: Data from 265 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection (CND) and received RRA treatment at a single institution between January 2018 and March 2023 were analyzed.

Systemic immune-inflammation index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in sarcopenia: a study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018.

Background: Sarcopenia, common in the elderly, often linked to chronic diseases, correlates with inflammation.The association between SII and mortality in sarcopenia patients is underexplored, this study investigates this relationship in a U.S.

Corrigendum: Safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.

Renal hypouricemia complicated with kidney stone: a case report.

Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by impaired renal tubular uric acid reabsorption and abnormally high uric acid clearance, which may be manifested by reduced serum uric acid (SUA) levels and elevated fractional excretion of uric acid (FE-UA >10%). Most RHUC patients are often asymptomatic or have accidentally decreased SUA levels during health examinations, while others develop kidney stones and exercise-induced acute kidney injury (EIAKI). We now report a case of RHUC complicated with an asymptomatic kidney stone, and we identified a heterozygous mutation of c.

Comparison of 18 F-FAPI and 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Fibrous Dysplasia.

A 16-year-old woman presented with an acute headache on the left side. A head CT scan revealed bone destruction in the skull. Subsequent 18 F-FDG and 18 F-FAPI PET/CT scans were performed within a week.

Precision USPIO-PEG-SLe Nanotheranostic Agent Targeted Photothermal Therapy for Enhanced Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy to Treat Immunotherapy Resistance.

Background: The anti-Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (termed aPD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach for various advanced solid tumors. However, the effect of aPD-L1 inhibitors limited by the tumor microenvironment makes most patients exhibit immunotherapy resistance.

Methods: We conjugated the Sialyl Lewis X with a polyethylene glycol-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO-PEG) to form UPS nanoparticles (USPIO-PEG-SLe, termed UPS).

Comparative analysis of two timepoints on [F]FAPI-42 PET/CT in various cancers.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the biodistribution, detection rate, and uptake of the [F]FAPI-42 at two distinct time intervals.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 60 consecutive patients (median age 59; range 35-74) referred to [F]FAPI-42 PET/CT. [F]FAPI-42 PET/CT was performed early and late timepoint after tracer injection for staging or restaging.

Safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the available data from clinical trials and assess the safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in three electronic databases, namely Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library, up until March 1, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tirzepatide to either placebo or active hypoglycemic drugs in individuals with T2D and obesity. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 value and Cochran's Q test, and a fixed effects model was employed to estimate the safety profile of tirzepatide.

The microbiota and renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for about 2% of cancer diagnoses and deaths worldwide. Recent studies emphasized the critical involvement of microbial populations in RCC from oncogenesis, tumor growth, and response to anticancer therapy. Microorganisms have been shown to be involved in various renal physiological and pathological processes by influencing the immune system function, metabolism of the host and pharmaceutical reactions.

Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted PET/CT Imaging in a Treatment-Naive Prostate Cancer Patient With Low PSMA Expression.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT has become increasingly accepted for imaging prostate cancer (PCa), including its recent use in primary staging. In this case report, we present the case of a 76-year-old man with newly diagnosed PCa. 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed minimal PSMA activity in the primary tumor and metastases.

Successful Treatment of Eruptive Pruritic Papular Porokeratosis in the Elderly with Tofacitinib: A Case Report.

Eruptive pruritic papular porokeratosis (EPPP) is a rare subtype of porokeratosis that presents as an acute exacerbation of an annular papule with a distinct peripheral hyperkeratotic ridge border and severe pruritus. EPPP is mainly reported in elderly East Asian men. Its etiology and pathogenesis are unknown.

[F]FAPI-42 PET/CT in differentiated thyroid cancer: diagnostic performance, uptake values, and comparison with 2-[F]FDG PET/CT.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of [F]FAPI-42 PET/CT and compare it with that of 2-[F]FDG PET/CT in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with biochemical elevations in Tg or anti-Tg antibodies.

Methods: A total of 42 patients with DTC with biochemical elevations in Tg or anti-Tg antibodies underwent [F]FAPI-42 PET/CT as part of this study; of which, 11 additionally underwent 2-[F]FDG PET/CT within 7 days. Images were semi-quantitatively and visually interpreted, and the quantity, location, and uptake values of lesions were noted.

Increased 18F-FAPI PET/CT Uptake in a Case of Brucellosis of Lumbar Vertebral Body.

Vertebral brucellosis is a relatively rare disease that usually emerges in animal husbandry areas. We report a case that brucellosis of lumbar vertebral body showed an intense uptake of FAPI on 18F-FAPI PET/CT, which mimics to malignant lesions or vertebral tuberculosis. It is an interesting finding to realize that vertebral brucellosis is also one of the reasons for intense uptake of FAPI.

Establishment and evaluation of a CT-based radiomic model for AIDS-associated pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Background: Establish a CT-based diagnostic radiomic model for AIDS complicated with pulmonary cryptococcosis and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of this model.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 98 AIDS patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis and 103 AIDS patients with other infections or neoplastic lesions, comprising a total of 699 lesions. Patients were randomly divided into a training group and test group at a ratio of 2.

[Effect of Social Support on Multimorbidity and Related Outcomes of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China].

Objective: To analyze the current status of social support for middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity and to explore the correlation between different dimensions of social support and multimorbidity and the related outcomes on the basis of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 survey data so as to reveal the complex social background of multimorbidity and the impact of social support on multimorbidity.

Methods: A total of 9168 valid samples, with an average age of 59.60 years, were included in the study.

Comparison of physiological uptake of normal tissues in patients with cancer using F-FAPI-04 and F-FAPI-42 PET/CT.

Purpose: To calculate the physiological uptake of various tissues in patients with cancer using F-AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 (F-FAPI-04) and F-AlF-NOTA-FAPI-42 (F-FAPI-42) PET/CT and to compare the variation in standard uptake values between the two scans.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included 40 patients with cancer who underwent F-FAPI; the first 20 patients received F-FAPI-04 PET/CT and the remaining 20 patients received F-FAPI-42 PET/CT. A total of 49 normal tissues, including the brain (cerebrum/cerebellum), parotid and submandibular glands, palatine tonsils, and thyroid, were identified on CT images.

A Case Report of Leukocytosis During Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy of Paranoid Personality Disorder.

Introduction: Modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) is a viable therapeutic option for patients with mood disorders and schizophrenia. We found that there is a relationship between MECT and leukocytosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of this problem.

KLF2-induced circZKSCAN1 potentiates the tumorigenic properties of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by targeting the miR-1294/PIM1 axis.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common and lethal types of urologic cancer. With low survival rates among patients in advanced stages of disease, and increasing rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide, novel therapeutic targets for ccRCC clinical intervention are necessary. In this study, we investigated the functional role of circZKSCAN1 in ccRCC progression.

Comprehensive Characterization of Metabolism-Associated Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma to Aid Clinical Therapy.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a disease characterized by excessive administration complexity because it exhibits extraordinary nonuniformity among distinct molecular subtypes. We herein intended to delineate the metabolic aspects of clear cell RCC (ccRCC) in terms of the gene expression profile. Recent studies have revealed that metabolic variations within tumors are related to the responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy and patient prognosis.

Dual-task convolutional neural network based on the combination of the U-Net and a diffraction propagation model for phase hologram design with suppressed speckle noise.

In this paper, a dual-task convolutional neural network based on the combination of the U-Net and a diffraction propagation model is proposed for the design of phase holograms to suppress speckle noise of the reconstructed images. By introducing a Fresnel transmission layer, based on angular spectrum diffraction theory, as the diffraction propagation model and incorporating it into U-Net as the output layer, the proposed neural network model can describe the actual physical process of holographic imaging, and the distributions of both the light amplitude and phase can be generated. Afterwards, by respectively using the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) as the loss function to modulate the distribution of the amplitude, and a proposed target-weighted standard deviation (TWSD) as the loss function to limit the randomness and arbitrariness of the reconstructed phase distribution, the dual tasks of the amplitude reconstruction and phase smoothing are jointly solved, and thus the phase hologram that can produce high quality image without speckle is obtained.

Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing and there is an urgent need for new treatment strategy to prevent progression of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. We have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the treatment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for articles that met the eligibility criteria to explore the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs in patients with T2DM and NAFLD.