"I Came Across a Junk": Understanding Design Flaws of Data Visualization from the Public's Perspective.

The visualization community has a rich history of reflecting upon visualization design flaws. Although research in this area has remained lively, we believe it is essential to continuously revisit this classic and critical topic in visualization research by incorporating more empirical evidence from diverse sources, characterizing new design flaws, building more systematic theoretical frameworks, and understanding the underlying reasons for these flaws. To address the above gaps, this work investigated visualization design flaws through the lens of the public, constructed a framework to summarize and categorize the identified flaws, and explored why these flaws occur.

Quantitative analysis of intermolecular forces in cellulose microfibrils and hemicellulose with AFM nano-colloidal probes.

It is an interesting research topic to study the interfacial interactions between hemicellulose and cellulose, specifically how hemicellulose's structure affects its binding to cellulose nanofibers. Our research proposes that dispersion interaction play an important role in this interfacial interaction, more so than electrostatic forces when considering the adherence of cellulose to xylan. To quantify these interactions, the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) colloidal probe technique is applied to measure the intermolecular forces between cellulose nanofibers, which are attached to the probe and xylan.

Prenatal, perinatal and parental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder in China: a case- control study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is heritable neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), but environmental risk factors have also been suggested to a play a role in its development. Prenatal, perinatal and parental factors have been associated with an increased risk of ASD in children. The aim of the present study was to explore the prenatal, perinatal, and parenting risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from Beijing, China by comparing them with typically developing (TD) children.

Genistin Represses the Proliferation and Angiogenesis While Accelerating the Apoptosis of Glioma Cells by Modulating the FOXC1-Mediated Wnt Signaling Pathway.

Background: Glioma is a tumor originating from glial cells and is the most common primary brain tumor. At present, the main treatment methods for glioma include surgical resection and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but the treatment effect is not very ideal. Genistin (GS) inhibits breast cancer cell growth while promoting apoptosis, but its effect and detailed molecular mechanism on glioma are yet to be defined.

Structural changes of hemicellulose during pulping process and its interaction with nanocellulose.

It is believed that hemicellulose plays a crucial role in binding cellulose and lignin in plant cells. It may provide significant implications through figuring out the interaction between hemicellulose and microfibers and gaining insights how the structure of hemicellulose affects its association with cellulose nanofibers. Herein, the hemicellulose and nanocellulose fractions from pulps obtained by controlling the H-factors of kraft pulping process were quantitatively evaluated for their adsorption behavior using QCM-D.

Affective Visualization Design: Leveraging the Emotional Impact of Data.

In recent years, more and more researchers have reflected on the undervaluation of emotion in data visualization and highlighted the importance of considering human emotion in visualization design. Meanwhile, an increasing number of studies have been conducted to explore emotion-related factors. However, so far, this research area is still in its early stages and faces a set of challenges, such as the unclear definition of key concepts, the insufficient justification of why emotion is important in visualization design, and the lack of characterization of the design space of affective visualization design.

Poly(I:C)-induced maternal immune activation causes elevated self-grooming in male rat offspring: Involvement of abnormal postpartum static nursing in dam.

Maternal immune activation (MIA) is closely related to the onset of autism-like behaviors in offspring, but the mechanism remains unclear. Maternal behaviors can influence offspring's development and behaviors, as indicated in both human and animal studies. We hypothesized that abnormal maternal behaviors in MIA dams might be other factors leading to delayed development and abnormal behaviors in offspring.

Involvement of Opioid Peptides in the Analgesic Effect of Spinal Cord Stimulation in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS)-induced analgesia was characterized, and its underlying mechanisms were examined in a spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain in rats. The analgesic effect of SCS with moderate mechanical hypersensitivity was increased with increasing stimulation intensity between the 20% and 80% motor thresholds. Various frequencies (2, 15, 50, 100, 10000 Hz, and 2/100 Hz dense-dispersed) of SCS were similarly effective.

Effect of Early Swimming on the Behavior and Striatal Transcriptome of the Knockout Rat Model of Autism.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by social behavior deficits and stereotyped behaviors in childhood that lacks satisfactory medical intervention. Early swimming intervention is a noninvasive method combining enriched environment and exercise, which has been proven to improve brain development in young children and to treat neurodevelopmental diseases.

Methods: In this study, we tested the autism-like behavior of rats with deletions in exons 11-21 of the gene and evaluated the effect of early swimming intervention (from postnatal day 8 to 60) on the behavior of this animal model of autism.

Kineticharts: Augmenting Affective Expressiveness of Charts in Data Stories with Animation Design.

Data stories often seek to elicit affective feelings from viewers. However, how to design affective data stories remains under-explored. In this work, we investigate one specific design factor, animation, and present Kineticharts, an animation design scheme for creating charts that express five positive affects: joy, amusement, surprise, tenderness, and excitement.

A Design Space for Applying the Freytag's Pyramid Structure to Data Stories.

Data stories integrate compelling visual content to communicate data insights in the form of narratives. The narrative structure of a data story serves as the backbone that determines its expressiveness, and it can largely influence how audiences perceive the insights. Freytag's Pyramid is a classic narrative structure that has been widely used in film and literature.

Smile or Scowl? Looking at Infographic Design Through the Affective Lens.

Infographics are frequently promoted for their ability to communicate data to audiences affectively. To facilitate the creation of affect-stirring infographics, it is important to characterize and understand people's affective responses to infographics and derive practical design guidelines for designers. To address these research questions, we first conducted two crowdsourcing studies to identify 12 infographic-associated affective responses and collect user feedback explaining what triggered affective responses in infographics.

Postnatal AVP treatments prevent social deficit in adolescence of valproic acid-induced rat autism model.

Studies have shown that arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is an important neuropeptide regulating social behaviors. The present work aimed to detect changes in the AVP numbers and level in a valproic acid (VPA)-induced rat model of autism and the underlying mechanism of its pathogenesis. Our results indicated that infants exposed to VPA showed obviously impaired communication and repetitive behaviors with reduced number of AVP-ir cells in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Altered Behaviors and Impaired Synaptic Function in a Novel Rat Model With a Complete Deletion.

Mutations within the gene, which encodes a key postsynaptic density (PSD) protein at glutamatergic synapses, contribute to the genetic etiology of defined autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) and intellectual disabilities (ID). Although there are a series of genetic mouse models to study gene in ASDs, there are few rat models with species-specific advantages. In this study, we established and characterized a novel rat model with a deletion spanning exons 11-21 of , leading to a complete loss of the major SHANK3 isoforms.

Antiinflammatory activity of Lindera erythrocarpa fruits.

In this study, in vitro and in vivo antiinflammatory activities of fruits from Lindera erythrocarpa Makino were evaluated. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction derived from the ethanol extract of L. erythrocarpa fruits inhibited significantly nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced NO in the murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.