Establishment of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line from a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death and heart failure and is the leading indication for cardiac transplantation worldwide. Mutations in dozens of cardiac genes have been connected to the development of DCM including the Troponin T2 gene (TNNT2). Here, we generated a human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from a DCM patient with a familial history that carries a missense mutation in TNNT2.

Thiamine-modified metabolic reprogramming of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte under space microgravity.

During spaceflight, the cardiovascular system undergoes remarkable adaptation to microgravity and faces the risk of cardiac remodeling. Therefore, the effects and mechanisms of microgravity on cardiac morphology, physiology, metabolism, and cellular biology need to be further investigated. Since China started constructing the China Space Station (CSS) in 2021, we have taken advantage of the Shenzhou-13 capsule to send human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) to the Tianhe core module of the CSS.

Mitochondrial diseases and mtDNA editing.

Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, and these diseases are often severe or even fatal. Mitochondrial diseases are often caused by mitochondrial DNA mutations. Currently, there is no curative treatment for patients with pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations.

The miR-148/152 family contributes to angiogenesis of human pluripotent stem cell- derived endothelial cells by inhibiting MEOX2.

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (hPSC-ECs) represent a promising source of human ECs urgently needed for the study of cardiovascular disease mechanisms, cell therapy, and drug screening. This study aims to explore the function and regulatory mechanism of the miR-148/152 family consisting of miR-148a, miR-148b, and miR-152 in hPSC-ECs, so as to provide new targets for improving EC function during the above applications. In comparison with the wild-type (WT) group, miR-148/152 family knockout (TKO) significantly reduced the endothelial differentiation efficiency of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and impaired the proliferation, migration, and capillary-like tube formatting abilities of their derived ECs (hESC-ECs).

Retinoic acid inhibits the angiogenesis of human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells by activating FBP1-mediated gluconeogenesis.

Background: Endothelial cells are located in the inner lumen of blood and lymphatic vessels and exhibit the capacity to form new vessel branches from existing vessels through a process called angiogenesis. This process is energy intensive and tightly regulated. Glycolysis is the main energy source for angiogenesis.

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Renal Epithelial Cells.

In the past decades, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been generated by the ectopic expression of "Yamanaka factors" in multiple somatic cells. However, the procedure to get access to donor cells is hard or invasive in most cases. Hereon, we depict a stepwise method developed in our laboratory for the generation of iPSCs from renal epithelial cells present in urine, which is noninvasive, nonintegrating, and universal.

Phosphorous-doped 1T-MoS decorated nitrogen-doped g-CN nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.

Herein, we report that the phosphorous-doped 1 T-MoS as co-catalyst decorated nitrogen-doped g-CN nanosheets (P-1 T-MoS@N-g-CN) are prepared by the hydrothermal and annealing process. The obtained P-1 T-MoS@N-g-CN composite presents an enhanced photocatalytic N reduction rate of 689.76 μmol L gh in deionized water without sacrificial agent under simulated sunlight irradiation, which is higher than that of pure g-CN (265.

Artifact and Detail Attention Generative Adversarial Networks for Low-Dose CT Denoising.

Generative adversarial networks are being extensively studied for low-dose computed tomography denoising. However, due to the similar distribution of noise, artifacts, and high-frequency components of useful tissue images, it is difficult for existing generative adversarial network-based denoising networks to effectively separate the artifacts and noise in the low-dose computed tomography images. In addition, aggressive denoising may damage the edge and structural information of the computed tomography image and make the denoised image too smooth.

Establishment of an in vitro safety assessment model for lipid-lowering drugs using same-origin human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.

Cardiovascular safety assessment is vital for drug development, yet human cardiovascular cell models are lacking. In vitro mass-generated human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cardiovascular cells are a suitable cell model for preclinical cardiovascular safety evaluations. In this study, we established a preclinical toxicology model using same-origin hPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) and endothelial cells (hPSC-ECs).

Generation of an EFNB2-2A-mCherry reporter human embryonic stem cell line using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated site-specific homologous recombination.

Ephrin B2 (EFNB2) is the first identified and most widely used marker for arterial endothelial cells (AECs). We generated a heterozygous EFNB2-2A-mCherry reporter H1 cell line, H1-EFNB2-2A-mCherry (WAe001-A-57), by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated insertion of 2A-mCherry cassette into the EFNB2 gene locus, immediately before the translation stop codon. The H1-EFNB2-2A-mCherry reporter cells were pluripotent and could differentiate into all three germ layer lineages.

CXADR-like membrane protein protects against heart injury by preventing excessive pyroptosis after myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) results in cardiomyocyte death and ultimately leads to heart failure. Pyroptosis is a type of the inflammatory programmed cell death that has been found in various diseased tissues. However, the role of pyroptosis in MI heart remains unknown.

Retinoic acid promotes metabolic maturation of human Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes.

Cardiomyocytes differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) represent a promising cell source for heart repair, disease modeling and drug testing. However, improving the differentiation efficiency and maturation of hESC-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) is still a major concern. Retinoic acid (RA) signaling plays multiple roles in heart development.

LncRNA- contributes to cardiac fibrosis through --HuR complex in mouse myocardial infarction.

: As a hallmark of various heart diseases, cardiac fibrosis ultimately leads to end-stage heart failure. Anti-fibrosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for heart failure. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of heart diseases that promise to serve as therapeutic targets.

MIR148A family regulates cardiomyocyte differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by inhibiting the DLL1-mediated NOTCH signaling pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a class of naturally occurring RNAs, play important roles in cardiac physiology and pathology. There are many miRNAs that show multifarious expression patterns during cardiomyocyte genesis. Here, we focused on the MIR148A family, which is composed of MIR148A, MIR148B and MIR152, and shares the same seed sequences.

Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte therapy in mouse permanent ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion models.

Background: Ischemic heart diseases are still a threat to human health. Human pluripotent stem cell-based transplantation exhibits great promise in cardiovascular disease therapy, including heart ischemia. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (ESC-CM) therapy in two heart ischemia models, namely, permanent ischemia (PI) and myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR).

Biodegradable cell-laden starch foams for the rapid fabrication of 3D tissue constructs and the application in neural tissue engineering.

Cells encapsulation by biomaterials has been widely studied as a strategy of building tissue construct in tissue engineering. Conventional encapsulation of cells using hydrogels often needs the polymerization process or relatively complex molding process. In this study, we developed a facile strategy for the in situ fabrication of biodegradable cell-laden starch foams.

Lack of Cardiac Improvement After Cardiosphere-Derived Cell Transplantation in Aging Mouse Hearts.

Rationale: Aging is one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and the incidence of myocardial ischemia increases dramatically with age. Some studies have reported that cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) could benefit the injured heart. Nevertheless, the convincing evidence on CDC-induced improvement of aging heart is still limited.

Long noncoding RNA Meg3 regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis in myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI), with a major process of cardiomyocyte death, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To date, it has been shown that lncRNAs play important roles in cardiovascular pathology. However, the detailed studies on lncRNAs regulating cardiomyocyte death in myocardial infarction are still limited.

Accelerated postero-lateral spinal fusion by collagen scaffolds modified with engineered collagen-binding human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in rats.

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a potent osteoinductive cytokine that plays a critical role in bone regeneration and repair. However, its distribution and side effects are major barriers to its success as therapeutic treatment. The improvement of therapy using collagen delivery matrices has been reported.

Collagen scaffolds modified with collagen-binding bFGF promotes the neural regeneration in a rat hemisected spinal cord injury model.

Nerve conduit is one of strategies for spine cord injury (SCI) treatment. Recently, studies showed that biomaterials could guide the neurite growth and promote axon regeneration at the injury site. However, the scaffold by itself was difficult to meet the need of SCI functional recovery.