[Effects of crude oil pollution on soil moisture infiltration with loessial soil and aeolian sandy soil].

Crude oil may block soil pores, affect soil water repellency, and change soil water movement. In this study, soil column simulation was used to study the effects of different crude oil pollution levels (0, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%) on the water infiltration processes in loessial soil and aeolian sandy soil.

[Spatial Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil and Their Influencing Factors in a Typical Agro-pastoral Ecotone].

Soil nitrogen and phosphorus influence physical, chemical, and biological processes in soil, therefore, clarifying their contents and spatial patterns is of great significance for soil resource management and utilization. The spatial patterns of soil total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) and the influencing factors in Jungar Banner were studied using classical statistical and geostatistical methods. The results showed that soil TN and TP contents decreased with soil depth, and the weighted mean values of TN and TP were 0.

Revegetation pattern affecting accumulation of organic carbon and total nitrogen in reclaimed mine soils.

Selecting optimal revegetation patterns, i.e., patterns that are more effective for soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) accumulation, is particularly important for mine land reclamation.

[Characteristics and Mechanism of Copper Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions on Biochar Produced from Sawdust and Apple Branch].

In order to utilize the waste biomass resources efficiently, two raw materials of sawdust and apple branch were selected to produce biochars at 450℃ by oxygen-limited pyrolysis, and the adsorptions of Cu in aqueous solutions were evaluated. The effects of initial Cu concentration and contact time in batch sorption experiments were investigated by the four kinds of isothermal adsorption models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkim, D-R model) and the four kinds of adsorption kinetics models (Pseudo first-order, Pseudo second-order, Elovich model, Intraparticle diffusion model). The influencing factors of adsorption characteristics about sawdust biochar (JB) and apple branch biochar (PB) were discussed by characterizing their elemental composition, functional groups, surface area, surface morphology and scanning electron microscope.

[Effect of Biochar on Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Semi-arid Region].

This study aimed to investigate the effects of biochar addition on the emission of greenhouse gases from farmland soil in semi-arid region. Through an in-situ experiments, the influence of sawdust biochar(J) and locust tree skin biochar (H) at three doses (1%, 3%, and 5% of quality percentage) on C2, CH4 and N2O emissions were studied within the six months in the south of Ningxiaprovince. The results indicated that soil CO2 emission flux was slightly increased with the addition doses for both biochars, and the averaged CO2 emission flux for sawdust and locust tree skin biochar was enhanced by 1.

[Effects of loess soil stabilization on Lolium perenne L. growth and root activity].

Taking the loess soils with bulk density 1.2 g cm(-3), 1.3 g cm(-3), and 1.

Fasciculols H and I, two lanostane derivatives from Chinese mushroom Naematoloma fasciculare.

Two new highly oxygenated fasciculol-type lanostane derivatives, fasciculols H and I (1 and 2, resp.), together with five known compounds, 3-7, were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the Chinese toxic mushroom Naematoloma fasciculare. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including 2D-NMR (HMBC, HSQC, NOESY, (1)H,(1)H-COSY).

Antifungal activity of alkaloids from the seeds of Chimonanthus praecox.

Two alkaloids, D-calycanthine (1) and L-folicanthine (2), were isolated from the active MeOH extract of the seeds of Chimonanthus praecox LINK. The structures of the two compounds were established by (1)H- and (13)C-NMR, and MS (FAB, ESI) analyses. In the in vitro tests, compounds 1 and 2 showed significant inhibitory activities against five plant pathogenic fungi Exserohilum turcicum, Bipolaris maydis, Alternaria solani, Sclerotinia sderotiorum, and Fusarium oxysportium, among which B.

[Profile variability of soil properties in check dam on the Loess Plateau and its functions].

To understand the profile variability of soil properties of check dam and its possibility of engineering control over non-point source pollution, we used classical statistics to characterize the profile change of soil properties of a 5.20 m depth soil profile in the typical check dam on the Loess Plateau. The roles of check dam as organic carbon storage and available nutrients storage were discussed.

[Development process of crust in black soil of Northeast China].

In a simulated rainfall experiment, the microstructure, bulk density, and shear strength of black soil were determined to study the development process of crust during rainfall, and the effects of the crust on soil infiltration. The results showed that with the process of rainfall, surface soil layer became compact, soil shear strength and bulk density increased, and infiltration decreased. In a period of 120 minutes rainfall, a stable crust layer in 3-4 mm thickness formed, whose bulk density increased by 14.

[Spatial variability and the relationships of soil mineral N and topographic factors in a small watershed].

Objective of this study was to understand the spatial pattern of soil properties and topographic factors and their relationships in a small watershed. We used classical statistical coupling with geo-statistical theory to characterize and compare the spatial variability of soil mineral N and topographic factors in the wind-water erosion crisscross region on the Loess Plateau. The results show that: 1) The nitrate's variable extent is strong while other properties are moderate variability, and the impacts of soil types, land uses on variable extent are significant.