Iridium single-atom catalyst on nitrogen-doped carbon for formic acid oxidation synthesized using a general host-guest strategy.

Single-atom catalysts not only maximize metal atom efficiency, they also display properties that are considerably different to their more conventional nanoparticle equivalents, making them a promising family of materials to investigate. Herein we developed a general host-guest strategy to fabricate various metal single-atom catalysts on nitrogen-doped carbon (M/CN, M = Pt, Ir, Pd, Ru, Mo, Ga, Cu, Ni, Mn). The iridium variant Ir/CN electrocatalyses the formic acid oxidation reaction with a mass activity of 12.

Generation and immunity effect evaluation of biotechnology-derived Aeromonas veronii ghost by PhiX174 gene E-mediated inactivation in koi (Cyprinus carprio koi).

Aeromonas veronii is a conditional pathogen causing high mortality in many freshwater fish species worldwide. Bacterial ghosts are nonliving Gram-negative bacteria devoid of cytoplasmic contents, which induce protective immunity against microbial pathogens. The aims of this study were: a) to produce A.

PU.1-silenced dendritic cells prolong allograft survival in rats receiving intestinal transplantation.

Aim: To investigate the function of PU.1-silenced semi-mature dendritic cells (DCs) and the possibility of utilizing cell immunity in rat intestinal transplantation.

Methods: DCs were isolated from the bone marrow of F344 rats and cultured using the adherent method.

G-CSF administration in a small-for-size liver model.

Background: Extended liver resection is applied in the treatment of liver tumors and during living-related liver transplantation. This procedure can lead to transient, in some patients even lethal liver failure. Administration of G-CSF is associated with an increased survival after toxic liver damage.