Ligand-enabled -C-H olefination of phenylacetic amides with unactivated alkenes.

Although chelation-assisted C-H olefination has been intensely investigated, Pd(ii)-catalyzed C-H olefination reactions are largely restricted to acrylates and styrenes. Here we report a quinoline-derived ligand that enables the Pd(ii)-catalyzed olefination of the C(sp)-H bond with simple aliphatic alkenes using a weakly coordinating monodentate amide auxiliary. Oxygen is used as the terminal oxidant with catalytic copper as the co-oxidant.

[Correlation of daily living activities with location and severity of traumatic brain injury].

Objective: To study the correlation of daily living activities with location and severity of trau- matic brain injury (TBI) and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the accuracy of expert opinion.

Methods: Five hundred and one cases of patients with TBI were selected. Detailed records included following: pre-injury situation, location and severity of injury, treatment and education.

Microvascular permeability of brain astrocytoma with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: correlation analysis with histopathologic grade.

Background: The degree of pathological microvascular proliferation is an important element in evaluation of the astrocytoma grade. This study was aimed to quantitatively assess the microvascular permeability of brain astrocytoma with the volume transfer constant (K(trans)) and volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue (Ve) from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and to evaluate the effectiveness of the K(trans) and Ve in the grading of astrocytoma.

Methods: The highest values of the K(trans) and Ve of 67 patients with astrocytoma (27 with grade II, 12 with grade III, and 28 with grade IV) were obtained.

Regional diffusion changes of cerebral grey matter during normal aging--a fluid-inversion prepared diffusion imaging study.

Background And Purpose: Although diffusion characteristics of white matter (WM) and its aging effects have been well described in the literature, diffusion characteristics of grey matter (GM), especially the cortical GM, have not been fully evaluated. In the present study, we used the fluid-inversion prepared diffusion imaging (FLIPD) technique to determine if there are age-related water diffusivity changes in GM.

Materials And Methods: 120 healthy volunteers were recruited for our study.

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MRI for intracranial tumors in comparison with post-contrast T1W spin-echo MRI.

Background: Contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported to have higher sensitivity for detecting leptomeningeal disease compared with contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI (CE T1WI). However, currently there are no studies showing the potential value of clinical applications of contrast-enhanced FLAIR (CE FLAIR) sequence in diagnosing intracranial tumors in a larger group of patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of CE FLAIR in comparison with CE T1WI for intracranial tumors and to provide more information for clinical diagnosis and therapy.

[Diffusion tensor tracking of cerebral white matter fibers: a preliminary study].

Objective: To study the efficacy of diffusion tensor tracking (DTT) in study of the normal and abnormal cerebral white matter fiber.

Methods: Ten normal adult volunteers, 5 males and 5 females, aged 40.9 (24-65), and 28 patients with cranial tumors, 9 males and 19 females, aged 43.

[The value of diffusion MR imaging in judging pathological changes of brain multiple sclerosis].

Objective: To analyze the findings of MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor Imaging (DTI) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to explore their role in reflecting the pathological changes of MR lesions.

Methods: DWI and DTI were performed on 41 MS cases and 25 sub-acute brain infarct cases which used as control group. The appearances of ADC maps, EADC maps and FA maps in patients of both groups were analyzed.

[Value of magnetization transfer imaging in judging microchanges lesions in normal-appearing white matter of multiple sclerosis].

Objective: To explore the value of magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) in judging microscopic lesions in normal-appearing white matter of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Forty-one patients with brain MS, 17 males and 24 females, aged 13 approximately 65, and 21 healthy people, 8 males and 13 females, aged 18 approximately 57, used as controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using 3D-spoiled grass (3D-SPGR) series, to scan the whole brain with saturated pulses on and off respectively. The signal values were measured directly in the pictures of these 2 series.

[Prognostic value of MRI and 1H MRS in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy].

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of hippocampal MRI scan, MRI volumetry and 1H MRS in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Methods: 50 intractable TLE patients operated in Huashan hospital were studied. Before surgery, traditional MRI scans were used to exclude tumor and vascular malformation of the brain.