Green revolution gene drives adaptation of Arabidopsis to the extremely high altitude.

To elucidate the process of adaptation, particularly the traits subject to natural selection and the molecular mechanisms underlying their natural variation, is one of the primary objectives of evolutionary biology. The uplifted landscape offers an excellent framework for understanding how organisms adapt to dramatic climatic gradients. To investigate the genetic basis of plant adaptation to the extremely high altitude, we first compared the genomic and phenotypic variations of two closely related Arabidopsis thaliana accessions from high altitude (Xizang, also known as "Tibet") and low altitude (Yunnan), respectively.

A de novo Gene Promotes Seed Germination Under Drought Stress in Arabidopsis.

The origin of genes from noncoding sequences is a long-term and fundamental biological question. However, how de novo genes originate and integrate into the existing pathways to regulate phenotypic variations is largely unknown. Here, we selected 7 genes from 782 de novo genes for functional exploration based on transcriptional and translational evidence.

Structural Engineering of BiVO /CoFe MOF Heterostructures Boosting Charge Transfer for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Boosting charge separation and transfer of photoanodes is crucial for providing high viability of photoelectrochemical hydrogen (H ) generation. Here, a structural engineering strategy is designed and synthesized for uniformly coating an ultrathin CoFe bimetal-organic framework (CoFe MOF) layer over a BiVO photoanode for boosted charge separation and transfer. The photocurrent density of the optimized BiVO /CoFe MOF(NA) photoanode reaches a value of 3.

Transposable elements drive rapid phenotypic variation in .

Rapid phenotypic changes in traits of adaptive significance are crucial for organisms to thrive in changing environments. How such phenotypic variation is achieved rapidly, despite limited genetic variation in species that experience a genetic bottleneck is unknown. , an annual and inbreeding forb (Brassicaceae), is a great system for studying this basic question.

Transposable Elements Contribute to the Adaptation of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic elements with very high mutation rates that play important roles in shaping genome architecture and regulating phenotypic variation. However, the extent to which TEs influence the adaptation of organisms in their natural habitats is largely unknown. Here, we scanned 201 representative resequenced genomes from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and identified 2,311 polymorphic TEs from noncentromeric regions.

Frequent introgressions from diploid species contribute to the adaptation of the tetraploid Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris).

Adaptation is the most important ability for organisms to survive in diverse habitats. Animals have the option to escape from stressful environments, but plants do not. In plants, polyploids consist of about 30%-70% angiosperms and 95% ferns, of which some are important crops such as cotton and wheat.