Novel β-lactam antibiotics versus other antibiotics for treatment of complicated urinary tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Novel β-lactam antibiotics as well as other kinds of antibiotics have been used to treat complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs); however, their efficacy and safety remain controversial.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to explore the efficacy and safety of novel β-lactam antibiotics versus other antibiotics against cUTIs.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched systematically from inception through 15 March 2024 for clinical trials comparing novel β-lactam antibiotics with other antibiotics for treatment of cUTIs.

The Effect of the Lysine Acetylation Modification of ClpP on the Virulence of .

Acetylation modification has become one of the most popular topics in protein post-translational modification (PTM) research and plays an important role in bacterial virulence. A previous study indicated that the virulence-associated caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) is acetylated at the K165 site in strain HY9901, but its regulation regarding the virulence of is still unknown. We further confirmed that ClpP undergoes lysine acetylation (Kace) modification by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis and constructed the complementation strain (C-) and site-directed mutagenesis strains including K165Q and K165R.

Overexpression of Two Odorant Binding Proteins Confers Chlorpyrifos Resistance in the Green Peach Aphid .

The green peach aphid, , is a worldwide agricultural pest. Chlorpyrifos has been widely used to control for decades, thus leading to a high resistance to chlorpyrifos. Recent studies have found that insect odorant binding proteins (OBPs) play essential roles in insecticide resistance.

Circular RNA LDLRAD3 promotes gastric cancer progression by upregulating COL4A5 through sponging miR-h37.

Background: Circular RNAs play an important role in the development of gastric cancer (GC). circ-low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 3 (LDLRAD3) has been confirmed to be related to GC progression. miR-137 is also a suppressor in GC.

PEPCK Mediates Florfenicol Resistance through Lysine Succinylation Modification.

Protein succinylation modification is a common post-translational modification (PTM) that plays an important role in bacterial metabolic regulation. In this study, quantitative analysis was conducted on the succinylated proteome of wild-type and florfenicol-resistant to investigate the mechanism of succinylation regulating antibiotic resistance. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the differentially succinylated proteins were mainly enriched in energy metabolism, and it was found that the succinylation level of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxyl kinase (PEPCK) was highly expressed in the florfenicol-resistant strain.

Deciphering a reliable synergistic bispecific strategy of rescuing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 escape variants, including BA.2.86, EG.5.1, and JN.1.

The game between therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and continuously emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has favored the virus, as most therapeutic mAbs have been evaded. Addressing this challenge, we systematically explored a reproducible bispecific antibody (bsAb)-dependent synergistic effect in this study. It could effectively restore the neutralizing activity of the bsAb when any of its single mAbs is escaped by variants.

Interface Engineering of Substrate-Integrated Single-Crystal Perovskite Wafers for Sensitive X-Ray Detection.

Metal halide perovskite single crystals are emerging candidates for X-ray detection, however, it is challenging for growth of thickness-controlled single-crystal wafer on commercial backplanes, limiting their practical imaging application. Herein, integration of micrometer-thick methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI) single-crystal wafer on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates by methylamine (MA)-induced interface recrystallization is reported. Through selection of hole transport material with rich functional group, intimate interface contact with low trap density can be achieved, leading to superior carrier transport properties and homogeneous photoresponse.

Two cuticle-enriched chemosensory proteins confer multi-insecticide resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Recent studies revealed that insect chemosensory proteins (CSPs) both play essential roles in insect olfaction and insect resistance. However, functional evidence supporting the crosslink between CSP and insecticide resistance remains unexplored. In the present study, 22 SfruCSP transcripts were identified from the fall armyworm (FAW) and SfruCSP1 and SfruCSP2 are enriched in the larval cuticle and could be induced by multiple insecticides.

Epidermal ET-1 signal induces activation of resting hair follicles by upregulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in the dermis.

The prevalence of alopecia has increased recently. Hair loss is often accompanied by the resting phase of hair follicles (HFs). Dermal papilla (DP) plays a crucial role in HF development, growth, and regeneration.

Integrating cfDNA liquid biopsy and organoid-based drug screening reveals PI3K signaling as a promising therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Background: The current precision medicine relies on biomarkers, which are mainly obtained through next-generation sequencing (NGS). However, this model failed to find effective drugs for most cancer patients. This study tried to combine liquid biopsy with functional drug tests using organoid models to find potential drugs for cancer patients.

M1 polarization of macrophages promotes stress-induced hair loss via interleukin-18 and interleukin-1β.

Stress-induced hair loss is a prevalent health concern, with mechanisms that remain unclear, and effective treatment options are not yet available. In this study, we investigated whether stress-induced hair loss was related to an imbalanced immune microenvironment. Screening the skin-infiltrated immune cells in a stressed mouse model, we discovered a significant increase in macrophages upon stress induction.

Value of Cardiac Troponin, Myoglobin Combined with Heart-type Fatty Acid-binding Protein Detection in Diagnosis of Early Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Objective: To evaluate the value of cardiac troponin(cTn), myoglobin(Myo) combined with heart-type fatty acid-binding protein(H-FABP) detection in the diagnosis of early acute myocardial infarction(AMI).

Methods: This study was a clinical comparative study. Eighty patients with AMI hospitalized in Tangshan Workers' Hospital were selected as study group, and another 80 individuals receiving normal physical examination were selected as control group from September 20, 2021 to September 20, 2022.

Corrigendum: Correlation between blood glucose and cerebrospinal fluid glucose levels in patients with differences in glucose metabolism.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.

Functional characterization of T3SS regulator ExsA and evaluation of its mutant as a live attenuated vaccine candidate in zebrafish () model.

, a Gram-negative bacterium, is an opportunistic pathogen of both marine animals and humans, resulting in significant losses in the aquaculture industry. Type III secretion system (T3SS) is a crucial virulence mechanism of . In this study, the T3SS regulatory gene , which was cloned from wild-type strain HY9901, is 861 bp encoding a protein of 286 amino acids.

Increased number and domain of interlaminar astrocytes in layer I of the temporal cortex in epilepsy.

Aim: The functions of the interlaminar astrocytes in layer I of the human cortex are currently unknown. Here, we aimed to explore whether there is any morphological remodelling of interlaminar astrocytes in layer I of the temporal cortex in epilepsy.

Methods: Tissues were obtained from 17 epilepsy surgery patients and 17 post-mortem age-matched controls.

Immune desert in MMR-deficient tumors predicts poor responsiveness of immune checkpoint inhibition.

Background: Although many efforts have been devoted to identify biomarkers to predict the responsiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I, microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repair (MMR) defect, tumor mutation burden (TMB), tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), and several transcriptional signatures, the sensitivity of these indicators remains to be further improved.

Materials And Methods: Here, we integrated T-cell spatial distribution and intratumor transcriptional signals in predicting the response to immune checkpoint therapy in MMR-deficient tumors including tumors of Lynch syndrome (LS).

Results: In both cohorts, MMR-deficient tumors displayed personalized tumor immune signatures, including inflamed, immune excluded, and immune desert, which were not only individual-specific but also organ-specific.

Correlation between blood glucose and cerebrospinal fluid glucose levels in patients with differences in glucose metabolism.

Objectives: We aimed to determine a method to identify normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose levels by examining the correlation between blood and CSF glucose levels in patients with normal and abnormal glucose metabolism.

Methods: One hundred ninety-five patients were divided into two groups according to their glucose metabolism. The glucose levels were obtained from CSF and fingertip blood at 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0  h before lumbar puncture.

Holistic analysis of lysine acetylation in aquaculture pathogenic bacteria under bile salt stress.

Lysine acetylation modification is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification, which plays an important role in the metabolism and pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. is a common pathogenic bacterium in aquaculture, and bile salt can trigger the expression of bacterial virulence. However, little is known about the function of lysine acetylation in under bile salt stress.

Acteoside palliates d-galactose induced cognitive impairment by regulating intestinal homeostasis.

Acteoside, an important phenylethanol glycoside, is the main active component in Osmanthus fragrans flower. Our previous study found that acteoside showed high antiaging effect but its absorption rate was low. We speculated acteoside palliated aging-related cognitive impairment before being absorbed, that was intestinal homeostasis underlie the antiaging effect of acteoside.

Mechanistic insights into DNA binding and cleavage by a compact type I-F CRISPR-Cas system in bacteriophage.

CRISPR-Cas systems are widespread adaptive antiviral systems used in prokaryotes. Some phages, in turn, although have small genomes can economize the use of genetic space to encode compact or incomplete CRISPR-Cas systems to inhibit the host and establish infection. Phage ICP1, infecting , encodes a compact type I-F CRISPR-Cas system to suppress the antiphage mobile genetic element in the host genome.

A Nomogram for Optimizing Sarcopenia Screening in Community-dwelling Older Adults: AB3C Model.

Objectives: Sarcopenia is associated with significantly higher mortality risk, and earlier detection of sarcopenia has remarkable public health benefits. However, the model that predicts sarcopenia in the community has yet to be well identified. The study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting the risk of sarcopenia and compare the performance with 3 sarcopenia screen models in community-dwelling older adults in China.

Theaflavins in Black Tea Mitigate Aging-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis.

Aging-associated cognitive dysfunction has a great influence on the lifespan and healthspan of the elderly. Theaflavins (TFs), a mixture of ingredients formed from enzymatic oxidation of catechins during the manufacture of tea, have a positive contribution to the qualities and antiaging activities of black tea. However, the role of TFs in mitigating aging-induced cognitive dysfunction and the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown.