Subcritical water extraction improves the ability of Auricularia cornea var. Li. Polysaccharides to stabilize hydrogels and emulsion gels.

In this work, polysaccharides from Auricularia cornea var. Li. (ACP) were extracted by a novel subcritical water extraction (SWE) method.

Joint analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk transcriptome reveals the heterogeneity of the urea cycle of astrocytes in glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GB) is incurable with a dismal prognosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a pivotal tool for studying tumor heterogeneity. The dysregulation of the urea cycle (UC) frequently occurs in tumors, but its characteristics in GB have not been illuminated.

Drug Advances in NAFLD: Individual and Combination Treatment Strategies of Natural Products and Small-Synthetic-Molecule Drugs.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease and is closely associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome. However, effective treatment strategies for NAFLD are still lacking. In recent years, progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of NAFLD, identifying multiple therapeutic targets and providing new directions for drug development.

Development of a core outcome set and core measurement set for kangaroo mother care: a study protocol.

Background: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a care of preterm and low birthweight infants carried skin-to-skin contact with the mother's chest and breastfeeding when possible. KMC has been proven to reduce mortality and morbidity in these infants. However, research on KMC has been limited by significant variability and inconsistency in reported outcomes across studies.

Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for preoperative prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy effect in breast cancer based on F-FDG PET/CT.

Objective: To investigate the value of F-FDG PET/CT-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer.

Methods: 190 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from 2017 to 2022 were studied. Features were extracted from the PET/CT intratumoral and peritumoral regions, feature selection was performed through the correlation analysis, t-tests, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO).

Visual impairment as the initial presentation in multiple myeloma: a case report and literature review.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of blood cancer, which rarely infiltrates the central nervous system (CNS) and lacks specific neurological symptoms. The prognosis is often poor, as the disease progresses rapidly. Herein, we present a rare case of MM with CNS involvement.

Evaluation of prognostic risk factors of triple-negative breast cancer with F-FDG PET/CT parameters, clinical pathological features and biochemical indicators.

Introduction: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease comprising various molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) positive, and triple negative types, each with distinct biological characteristics and behaviors. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a particularly challenging subtype worldwide. Our study aims to evaluate whether Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) parameters, clinical pathological features, and biochemical indicators serve as prognostic risk factors for TNBC.

Localized regional environmental risk in mountainous urban areas of Southwest China: identification, assessment, and management strategies in Kunming.

In recent decades, the escalating frequency of environmental risk events, arising from sources such as industrial accidents, chemical spills, or other anthropogenic activities, has intensified threats to the ecological environment. The targeted identification of high-risk areas, formulation of control lists for key risk sources within regions, and the implementation of differentiated management strategies remain significant challenges. This study employed an administrative region environmental risk assessment and gridded environmental risk analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the environmental risks in the city of Kunming, China.

c-MET is an important marker for acid-driven metastasis and anti-immune in colorectal cancer.

Background: The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in cancer progression, especially acidic microenvironment which distinguish cancer from normal tissues and immune microenvironment. This study was the first to investigate whether acidic microenvironment affects colorectal metastasis through MET and the relationship between MET and immune microenvironment.

Methods: We used TCGA and GEO databases to predict MET expression, its relationship with clinical features, and biological function it mediated, and validated its expression with clinical data, as well as to verify that MET mediates acidic microenvironment-induced colorectal cancer metastasis by inducing EMT at the cellular and animal levels.

Discovery of alkaline laccases from basidiomycete fungi through machine learning-based approach.

Background: Laccases can oxidize a broad spectrum of substrates, offering promising applications in various sectors, such as bioremediation, biomass fractionation in future biorefineries, and synthesis of biochemicals and biopolymers. However, laccase discovery and optimization with a desirable pH optimum remains a challenge due to the labor-intensive and time-consuming nature of the traditional laboratory methods.

Results: This study presents a machine learning (ML)-integrated approach for predicting pH optima of basidiomycete fungal laccases, utilizing a small, curated dataset against a vast metagenomic data.

ASIC3-activated key enzymes of de novo lipid synthesis supports lactate-driven EMT and the metastasis of colorectal cancer cells.

Acidic microenvironments is a cancer progression driver, unclear core mechanism hinders the discovery of new diagnostic or therapeutic targets. ASIC3 is an extracellular proton sensor and acid-sensitive, but its role in acidic tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer is not reported. Functional analysis data show that colorectal cancer cells respond to specific concentration of lactate to accelerate invasion and metastasis, and ASIC3 is the main actor in this process.

High glucose inhibits autophagy and promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, characterized by its complex etiology and slow research progress. Diabetes, as an independent risk factor for CRC, has been widely certified. Consequently, this study centers on elucidating the intricacies of CRC cells initiation and progression within a high-glucose environment.

Glucocorticoids promote joint microenvironment alteration of GABBR1 expression associated with mitigating rheumatoid arthritis.

GABBR1 receptors have been implicated in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) was shown to be downregulated by GABA and result in unchecked production of pro-inflammatory cytokine. GABBR1 is a member of GABA receptors, and it is known to be upregulated and plays a vital role in RA. Glucocorticoids are efficient therapeutics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are known to regulate GABA actions; therefore, we intended to investigate the potential of glucocorticoids in RA concerning the potential pathway GABBR1/MAPK.

A time-resolved multi-omics atlas of transcriptional regulation in response to high-altitude hypoxia across whole-body tissues.

High-altitude hypoxia acclimatization requires whole-body physiological regulation in highland immigrants, but the underlying genetic mechanism has not been clarified. Here we use sheep as an animal model for low-to-high altitude translocation. We generate multi-omics data including whole-genome sequences, time-resolved bulk RNA-Seq, ATAC-Seq and single-cell RNA-Seq from multiple tissues as well as phenotypic data from 20 bio-indicators.

A High-Proton Conductivity All-Biomass Proton Exchange Membrane Enabled by Adenine and Thymine Modified Cellulose Nanofibers.

Nanocellulose fiber materials were considered promising biomaterials due to their excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, high hydrophilicity, and cost-effectiveness. However, their low proton conductivity significantly limited their application as proton exchange membranes. The methods previously reported to increase their proton conductivity often introduced non-biodegradable groups and compounds, which resulted in the loss of the basic advantages of this natural polymer in terms of biodegradability.

A Novel Nanofiber Hydrogel Adhesive Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose Modified by Adenine and Thymine.

Natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels have garnered significant interest for their outstanding strength and versatile applications, in addition to being eco-friendly. However, the adhesive capabilities of purely natural products are suboptimal, which hampers their practical use. To address this, we engineered carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) surfaces with complementary bases, adenine (A) and thymine (T), to facilitate the self-assembly of adhesive hydrogels (CMC-AT) with a nanofiber configuration.

Multidisciplinary Methods for Screening Toxic Proteins from Phages and Their Potential Molecular Targets.

This chapter presents a comprehensive methodology for the identification, characterization, and functional analyses of potentially toxic hypothetical proteins of unknown function (toxHPUFs) in phages. The methods begin with in vivo toxicity verification of toxHPUFs in bacterial hosts, utilizing conventional drop tests and following growth curves. Computational methods for structural and functional predictions of toxHPUFs are outlined, incorporating the use of tools such as Phyre2, HHpred, and AlphaFold2.

Dihydroartemisinin eliminates senescent cells by promoting autophagy-dependent ferroptosis via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell-cycle arrest in response to a variety of cellular stresses, which contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of age-related degenerative diseases. However, effective antisenescence strategies are still lacking. Drugs that selectively target senescent cells represent an intriguing therapeutic strategy to delay aging and age-related diseases.

Complete genome sequences of two strains: 4010 and AMS1.

is a bacterial species commonly associated with meat spoilage. However, some strains exhibit preservative effects due to bacteriocin production. Here, we report the complete genome sequences for two strains, 4010 and AMS1.

Mitochondrial oxidative damage reprograms lipid metabolism of renal tubular epithelial cells in the diabetic kidney.

The functional and structural changes in the proximal tubule play an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Diabetes-induced metabolic changes, including lipid metabolism reprogramming, are reported to lead to changes in the state of tubular epithelial cells (TECs), and among all the disturbances in metabolism, mitochondria serve as central regulators. Mitochondrial dysfunction, accompanied by increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), is considered one of the primary factors causing diabetic tubular injury.

CD36 deletion ameliorates diabetic kidney disease by restoring fatty acid oxidation and improving mitochondrial function.

Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are vulnerable to mitochondrial dysregulation, which is an integral part of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We found that CD36 knockout ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and diabetic kidney injury in mice, improved renal function, glomerular hypertrophy, tubular injury, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and kidney cell apoptosis. Furthermore, CD36 knockout conferred protection against diabetes-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and restored renal tubular cells and mitochondrial morphology.

Using a novel virtual-reality simulator to assess performance in lumbar puncture: a validation study.

Background: A lumbar puncture procedure's success depends on a competent physician minimizing the risk of failing to get a sample and avoiding complications such as post-dural headache. A new virtual-reality simulator might be helpful in deciding when a physician is competent to perform lumbar puncture. We aimed to investigate validity evidence for a simulator-based test in lumbar puncture and establish a pass/fail standard to allow a mastery learning training program.

Single-cell communication patterns and their intracellular information flow in synovial fibroblastic osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Synovial fibroblasts are critical for maintaining homeostasis in major autoimmune diseases involving joint inflammation, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, little is known about the interactions among different cell subtypes and the specific sets of signaling pathways and activities that they trigger.

Methods: Using social network analysis, pattern recognition, and manifold learning approaches, we identified patterns of single-cell communication in OA (osteoarthritis) and RA (rheumatoid arthritis).