Artificial intelligence-enabled discovery of a RIPK3 inhibitor with neuroprotective effects in an acute glaucoma mouse model.

Background: Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death caused by acute ocular hypertension is an important characteristic of acute glaucoma. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) that mediates necroptosis is a potential therapeutic target for RGC death. However, the current understanding of the targeting agents and mechanisms of RIPK3 in the treatment of glaucoma remains limited.

Efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs for people with obesity: A systematic review based on RCT and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduce glucagon and glycogen secretion, inhibit appetite and slow gastric empties and have recently been approved to treat obesity.

Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of GLP-1RAs in the treatment of obesity and clarify the optimal GLP-1RAs treatment regimen.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for English randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on GLP-1RAs in the treatment and management of obesity published before July 18, 2023.

Morphology Engineering of VS Microspheres as High-Performance Cathodes for Hybrid Mg/Li Batteries.

V-based sulfides are considered as potential cathode materials for Mg/Li hybrid ion batteries (MLIBs) due to their high theoretical specific capacities, unique crystal structure, and flexible valence adjustability. However, the formation of irreversible polysulfides, poor cycling performance, and severe structural collapse at high current densities impede their further development. Herein, VS microspheres with various controllable nanoarchitectures were successfully constructed via a facile solvothermal method by adjusting the amount of hydrochloric acid and were used as cathode materials for MLIBs.

[Metabolomics study of Berberidis Radix in intervening ulcerative colitis based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS].

The effect of Tujia medicine Berberidis Radix on endogenous metabolites in the serum and feces of mice with ulcerative colitis(UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) was analyzed by metabolomics technology to explore the metabolic pathway and underlying mechanism of Berberidis Radix in the intervention of UC. The UC model was induced in mice by DSS. Body weight, disease activity index(DAI), and colon length were recorded.

G protein coupled receptor 41 regulates fibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis via Gα and downstream Smad2/3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease with mysterious pathogenesis and limited effective therapies. G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) participate in a variety of physiologic functions, and several GPRs have critical fibrosis-promoting or -inhibiting roles in pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we explored the role of GPR41 in the pathobiology of pulmonary fibrosis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture combined with Tuina in the treatment of insomnia.

Background: Insomnia is a sleep disorder with insufficient sleep time or/and poor sleep quality. Relevant epidemiological studies have shown that insomnia symptoms occur in about 35% to 50% of the adult population, and it is one of the most common diseases in the elderly. Patients who often suffer from insomnia are prone to symptoms such as fatigue, weakened cognitive function, depression, and even mental illness, which bring serious physical and mental damage to individuals and a heavy economic burden to social medical care and families.

Gut microbiota-CRAMP axis shapes intestinal barrier function and immune responses in dietary gluten-induced enteropathy.

In the gut, cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) has been largely described for its anti-infective activities. With an increasing recognition of its immune regulatory effects in extra-intestinal diseases, the role of CRAMP in gluten-induced small intestinal enteropathy celiac disease remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the unexplored role of CRAMP in celiac disease.

The safety and effectiveness of salvianolate in preventing perioperative venous thromboembolism in China: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis based on RCTs.

Background: Salvianolate, a common drug for stabilizing heart disease and Angina Pectoris, is considered to be off-label for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) or anticoagulation at present. However, many clinical studies have showed that salvianolate can effectively inhibit the deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) incidence, and prevent VTE of perioperative patients in the real world in China.

Objective: This analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of salvianolate in preventing VTE in perioperative patients.

D-serine Ameliorates Motor and Cognitive Impairments in β-amyloid 1-42 Injected Mice by Inhibiting JNK Signaling Pathway.

The senile plaque formed by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain is one of the main pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. This study aimed to investigate that D-serine may ameliorate motor and cognitive impairment in Aβ injected mice by inhibiting JNK signaling pathway. Firstly, Kunming mice were injected intrahippocampally with Aβ to build AD model.

Lysine-specific demethylase-1 regulates fibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease with mysterious pathogenesis and limited effective therapies. The aberrantly activated lung myofibroblasts with resultant excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix is a central event in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been suggested to epigenetically regulate cell differentiation, migration and invasion in tumor microenvironment.

Volatile Oil from Acorus gramineus Ameliorates the Injury Neurons in the Hippocampus of Amyloid Beta 1-42 Injected Mice.

In recent years, the extraction fraction of volatile oil from Acorus gramineus has significant effects on anti-dementia and improving the learning and memory of animals. To date, limited studies have determined whether volatile oil from A. gramineus has the protective effect on neuronal damage.

Butyrate ameliorates caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and associated intestinal injury by tissue-specific mechanisms.

Background And Purpose: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute abdominal condition, frequently associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, which aggravates AP retroactively. Butyrate exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, its potential beneficial effect on AP and the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated.

[Therapeutic effects of Bianyanning decoction on acute pharyngitis in rats and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Bianyanning on acute pharyngitis in rats, and to provide evidence and experimental data for its clinical application.

Methods: The acute pharyngitis of rats was induced by spraying ammonia directly to their throat. The model rats were randomly divided into model control group, the high-, medium- and low-dose group of Bianyanning, while normal rats were used as control group, 10 in each group.

Pretreatment of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Exerts Neuroprotective Effect in Murine Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury by Its Antiapoptotic Property.

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), an active component extracted from the grape, has been reported to demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiapoptosis effects. However, little is known about the role of GSPE on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of GSPE pretreatment on neonatal HI brain injury in mice.

Decreased expression of ubiquilin‑1 following neonatal hypoxia‑ischemic brain injury in mice.

Ubiquilin‑1 (Ubqln), a ubiquitin‑like protein, regulates degradation of misfolded proteins and has been reported to have a crucial role in multiple pathologic and physiologic conditions. The current study was undertaken to investigate the expression of Ubqln in the brain of a neonatal hypoxia‑ischemic (HI) brain injury model induced using the Rice method with some modifications. Mouse pups at postnatal day 7 day were used in this study.

Role of stem cell growth factor/c-Kit in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disease with a complicated etiopathogenesis, often characterized by gastrointestinal motility disorder and high visceral sensitivity. IBS is a comprehensive multi-systemic disorder, with the interaction of multiple factors, such as mental stress, intestinal function and flora, heredity, resulting in the disease. The existence of a common mechanism underlying the aforementioned factors is currently unknown.