Prolonged local retention of vancomycin achieved by a multivesicular liposomes in thermoresponsive gel system for the prevention and treatment of intervertebral disc infection.

The therapeutic efficacy of intervertebral disc (IVD) infections treated with intravenous vancomycin (VCM) is often limited by inadequate blood supply to the IVD. In this study, we developed a localized and sustained-release drug delivery system for the intradiscal administration of VCM. First, VCM-loaded multivesicular liposomes (VCM-MVLs) were prepared using a two-step emulsification process, and we investigated the effects of the preparation process and formulation composition on the quality of the MVLs.

Effect of system interface elements' design features and vibration levels on task load and body discomfort in vehicle simulated vibration environments.

Touch screens have been extensively utilized in vehicle information systems; however, few studies have centered on the reduction of the touchscreen interaction task load and the increase of body discomfort when driving on unpaved roads. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the system interface elements' design features and interaction task load in vehicle simulated vibration environments. Using a touch screen computer and E-prime software, we investigated the interaction task load and body parts discomfort of 18 participants in varied vibration frequency environments and interface design elements.

pH-responsive ZIF-8 nanoplatform co-loaded with DSF and ICG for multiple synergistic antitumor therapy.

Disulfiram (Allensworth et al.), an "old drug" for the treatment of chronic alcohol dependence, has received extensive attention due to its potential antitumor activity for new medical applications. However, the application of DSF in cancer therapy was limited by its extremely terrible solubility in water.

A self-powered HgTe quantum dots/PBDB-T:Y6 bipolar broadband photodetector for logic gates.

Optoelectronic logic gates (OELGs) have become one of the excellent candidates for logic devices in the post Moore era, with great potential for complex optical computing, secure optical communication, and image processing. As an important component of OELGs, bipolar photodetectors (BPDs) face problems such as limited logic functionality, narrow response range, slow response speed, and high-power consumption. Here, we propose a self-powered BPD with a back-to-back structure based on HgTe quantum dot (QD) and organic material PBDB-T:Y6 stacking.

Chitosan based surface modulation of core-shell nanoparticles for oral delivery of exenatide via balancing mucus penetration and cellular uptake.

Oral delivery of peptide and protein drugs (PDs) is hindered by the impermeable intestinal mucosa, which consists of both the mucus layer and the epithelium. Therefore, double-layer (mucus layer and epithelium) overcoming nanocarriers need to be designed to enhance the transporting efficiency of PDs. However, the requirements for surface properties to penetrate these two barriers are quite distinct.

Modulating the elasticity of milk exosome-based hybrid vesicles to optimize transepithelial transport and enhance oral peptide delivery.

To address challenges such as limited loading capacity, restricted targeting precision, and low yield of natural exosomes as drug carriers, the fusion of liposomes and exosomes to create hybrid vesicles has emerged as a viable solution approach. While current research mainly focuses on designing functionalized liposomes, less attention is given to how liposome membrane materials affect the elasticity of these hybrids and their delivery efficiency. This study utilized milk exosomes (mExos) as model exosomes, and generated hybrid vesicles with varying elasticity through the fusion of phospholipids with differing chain lengths, examining the disparities among various hybrid vesicles in their ability to overcoming the gastrointestinal barriers.

Characteristics of Tylvalosin Tartrate Enteric Amorphous Pellets Prepared by Liquid Layering.

Purpose: Tylvalosin Tartrate (TAT), a new-generation macrolide antibiotic, undergoes significant degradation in the stomach and in vivo rapid elimination upon oral administration, resulting in poor bioavailability. This study developed TAT enteric amorphous pellets by liquid layering (TAT/EAP-LL) with pH-sensitive and burst release characteristics, to enhance drug stability in the stomach and concentration enrichment in the duodenum.

Methods: The drug loading layer, isolation layer and enteric layer were formed on the surface of the blank core pellets.

Lactoferrin-functionalized PEGylation liposomes loaded with norcantharidin acid for targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Norcantharidin (NCTD), an antitumor agent with an increased leukocyte function, has been used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical. However, the clinical application of NCTD is limited due to its inadequate hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, short half-life (t), as well as adverse effects such as vascular irritation, cardiotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Herein, a lactoferrin (Lf) and DSPE-mPEG functionalized liposomes loaded with norcantharidic acid (NCA), an active metabolite of NCTD, was constructed for the targeted therapy of HCC.

Differences in myocardial involvement between new onset and longstanding systemic lupus erythematosus patients assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Objectives: Subclinical myocardial involvement is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but differences between new onset and longstanding SLE are not fully elucidated. This study compared myocardial involvement in new onset versus longstanding SLE using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).

Materials And Methods: We prospectively enrolled 24 drug-naïve new onset SLE patients, 27 longstanding SLE patients, and 20 healthy controls.

Efficacy and safety of wet cupping in the treatment of neurodermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neurodermatitis is a chronic skin condition characterized by intense itching and skin thickening due to neurological dysfunction. Its persistent nature poses a challenge to effective treatment, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Wet cupping therapy is increasingly being used in clinics to manage neurodermatitis, so it is imperative to assess the evidence regarding its effectiveness and safety.

The journey of nanoparticles in the abdominal cavity: Exploring their in vivo fate and impact factors.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is caused by metastasis of primary tumor cells from intra-abdominal organs to the peritoneal surface. Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy allows close contact of high concentrations of therapeutic agents with cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity to prolong patient survival. However, conventional IP chemotherapy is prone to rapid elimination from the peritoneal cavity and lacks specificity towards cancer cells.

The role of ESM1 in the lipids metabolic reprogramming and angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the respiratory diseases with high mortality and incidence. As an important angiogenic factor, (Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1) ESM1 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of LUAD. However, the role and molecular mechanism of ESM1 on LUAD metabolic reprogramming and angiogenesis remain unclear.

Sodium glycocholate liposome encapsulated semaglutide increases oral bioavailability by promoting intestinal absorption.

The aim of this study was to prepare sodium glycocholate liposomes (SGC-Lip) encapsulating semaglutide (Sml) to improve oral bioavailability and better exert hypoglycemic effect. In this paper, SGC-Lip was prepared by reverse-phase evaporation method with particle size around 140 nm, potential around -27 mV, rounded morphology and better stability. The hypoglycemic and intestinal uptake effects of SGC-Lip and cholesterol-containing liposomes (CH-Lip) were comparatively investigated in rats, and the oral safety of SGC-Lip was examined by cytotoxicity assay.

Redox-sensitive disulfide-bridged self-assembled nanoparticles of dexamethasone with high drug loading for acute lung injury therapy.

Acute lung injury (ALI) arises from an excessive inflammatory response, usually progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) if not promptly addressed. There is currently a limited array of effective treatments available for ALI. In this study, we developed disulfide bond-bridged prodrug self-assembled nanoparticles (referred to as DSSS NPs).

Milk Exosome-Liposome Hybrid Vesicles with Self-Adapting Surface Properties Overcome the Sequential Absorption Barriers for Oral Delivery of Peptides.

Milk exosomes (mExos) have demonstrated significant promise as vehicles for the oral administration of protein and peptide drugs owing to their superior capacity to traverse epithelial barriers. Nevertheless, certain challenges persist due to their intrinsic characteristics, including suboptimal drug loading efficiency, inadequate mucus penetration capability, and susceptibility to membrane protein loss. Herein, a hybrid vesicle with self-adaptive surface properties (mExos@DSPE-Hyd-PMPC) was designed by fusing functionalized liposomes with natural mExos, aiming to overcome the limitations associated with mExos and unlock their full potential in oral peptide delivery.

Topologically protected entanglement switching around exceptional points.

The robust operation of quantum entanglement states is crucial for applications in quantum information, computing, and communications. However, it has always been a great challenge to complete such a task because of decoherence and disorder. Here, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally an effective scheme to realize robust operation of quantum entanglement states by designing quadruple degeneracy exceptional points.

Glucocorticoids-based prodrug design: Current strategies and research progress.

Attributing to their broad pharmacological effects encompassing anti-inflammation, antitoxin, and immunosuppression, glucocorticoids (GCs) are extensively utilized in the clinic for the treatment of diverse diseases such as lupus erythematosus, nephritis, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, keratitis, macular edema, and leukemia. However, long-term use often causes undesirable side effects, including metabolic disorders-induced Cushing's syndrome (buffalo back, full moon face, hyperglycemia, etc.), osteoporosis, aggravated infection, psychosis, glaucoma, and cataract.

Research on the loading and release kinetics of the vincristine sulfate liposomes and its anti-breast cancer activity.

Vincristine (VCR), as a cytotoxic drug, is used clinically to treat acute lymphatic leukemia and breast cancer, and commonly used clinically as vincristine sulfate (VCRS). However, its clinical use is limited by unpredictable pharmacologic characteristics, a narrow therapeutic index, and neurotoxicity. The pH gradient method was used for active drug loading of VCRS, and the process route mainly includes the preparation of blank liposomes and drug-loaded liposomes.

Effect of mPEG-PLGA on Drug Crystallinity and Release of Long-Acting Injection Microspheres: In Vitro and In Vivo Perspectives.

Purpose: Traditional progesterone (PRG) injections require long-term administration, leading to poor patient compliance. The emergence of long-acting injectable microspheres extends the release period to several days or even months. However, these microspheres often face challenges such as burst release and incomplete drug release.

Dual-Targeted Self-Adjuvant Heterocyclic Lipidoid@Polyester Hybrid Nanovaccines for Boosting Cancer Immunotherapy.

Tumor vaccines have demonstrated a modest response rate, primarily attributed to their inefficient delivery to dendritic cells (DCs), low cross-presentation, DC-intrinsic immunosuppressive signals, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, draining lymph node (DLN)-targeted and tumor-targeted nanovaccines were proposed to address these limitations, and heterocyclic lipidoid (A18) and polyester (BR647) were synthesized to achieve dual-targeted cancer immunotherapy. Meanwhile, oligo hyaluronic acid (HA) and DMG-PEG-Mannose were incorporated to prepare dual-targeted nanovaccines encapsulated with STAT3 siRNA and model antigens.