Leucine restriction ameliorates Fusobacterium nucleatum-driven malignant progression and radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Radiotherapy resistance is the main cause of treatment failure among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, increasing evidence has linked the presence of intratumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) with the malignant progression and therapeutic resistance of multiple tumor types, but its influence on NPC has remained largely unknown. We found that Fn is prevalent in the tumor tissue of patients with NPC and is associated with radioresistance.

Salidroside exerts antidepressant-like action by promoting adult hippocampal neurogenesis through SIRT1/PGC-1α signalling.

Depression is one of the major mental disorders, which seriously endangers human health, brings a serious burden to patients’ families. In this study, we intended to further explore the antidepressant-like effect and possible molecular mechanisms of Salidroside (SAL). We built corticosterone (CORT)-induced depressive mice model and used behavioural tests to evaluate depression behaviour.

Machine learning-based analysis identifies and validates serum exosomal proteomic signatures for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

The potential of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. We employed an in-depth 4D-DIA proteomics and machine learning (ML) pipeline to identify key proteins, PF4 and AACT, for CRC diagnosis in serum EV samples from a discovery cohort of 37 cases. PF4 and AACT outperform traditional biomarkers, CEA and CA19-9, detected by ELISA in 912 individuals.

Longitudinal characterization of symptoms, healthcare resource utilization, and costs among people with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura compared with non-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura controls.

Aims: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an ultra-rare blood disorder, characterized by severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. Affected individuals present with potentially life-threatening acute events and may experience sub-acute and chronic TTP manifestations often resulting in long-term organ damage. Incremental symptom prevalence before, during, and after an acute event as well as healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs during and after an acute event were compared between people with TTP and matched non-TTP controls.

Clinical and economic burden of suspected thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in US hospitals.

Purpose: Severe ADAMTS13 deficiency (activity <10%) is the diagnostic threshold for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and is associated with various clinical symptoms, abnormal laboratory results, and long-term complications.

Methods: This retrospective, noninterventional cohort study used the Premier Healthcare Database to identify patients with ADAMTS13 activity of <10% in US hospitals from January 1, 2016, through March 31, 2020. The objective was to describe patient characteristics, laboratory results, comorbidities (as measured by the Elixhauser comorbidity index), symptoms, length of stay, treatment patterns, mortality, inpatient costs, and readmission rates (summarized descriptively).

Early diagnosis of persons with von Willebrand disease using a machine learning algorithm and real-world data.

Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is underdiagnosed, often delaying treatment. VWD claims coding is limited and includes no severity qualifiers; improved identification methods for VWD are needed. The aim of this study is to identify and characterize undiagnosed symptomatic persons with VWD in the US from medical insurance claims using predictive machine learning (ML) models.

Rapid Antidepressant-Like Potential of Chaihu Shugan San Depends on Suppressing Glutamate Neurotransmission and Activating Synaptic Proteins in Hippocampus of Female Mice.

Objective: To explore the rapid antidepressant potential and the underlying mechanism of Chaihu Shugan San (CSS) in female mice.

Methods: Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS was used to determine the content of main components in CSS to determine its stability. Female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, including control (saline), vehicle (saline), CSS (4 g/kg) and ketamine (30 mg/kg) groups.

Identification and validation of the surface proteins FIBG, PDGF-β, and TGF-β on serum extracellular vesicles for non-invasive detection of colorectal cancer: experimental study.

Objectives: The absence of non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has contributed to poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising candidates for cancer monitoring using liquid biopsy. However, the complexity of EVs isolation procedures and the absence of clear targets for detecting serum-derived EVs have hindered the clinical application of EVs in early CRC diagnosis.

Risk of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Persons with Hemophilia A in the United States: Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study Using the ATHNdataset.

Introduction: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), a serious complication in persons with hemophilia A (PWHA), causes high rates of mortality and morbidity. Identified ICH risk factors from patient data spanning 1998-2008 require reassessment in light of changes in the current treatment landscape.

Aim And Methods: PWHA identified in the ATHNdataset were evaluated retrospectively to assess incidence of ICH and determine the association between ICH risk and key characteristics using time-to-event analyses (Cox proportional-hazards models, survival curves, and sensitivity analyses).

Extracellular vesicles-derived CXCL4 is a candidate serum tumor biomarker for colorectal cancer.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were promising circulating biomarkers for multiple diseases, but whether serum EVs-derived proteins could be used as a reliable tumor biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) remained inconclusive. In this study, we identified CXCL4 by a 4D data-independent acquisition-based quantitative proteomics assay of serum EVs-derived proteins in 40 individuals and subsequently analyzed serum EVs-derived CXCL4 levels by ELISA in 2 cohorts of 749 individuals. The results revealed that EVs-derived CXCL4 levels were dramatically elevated in CRC patients than in benign colorectal polyp patients or healthy controls (HC).

Level, distribution and sources of Np, Pu and Am isotopes in Peter the Great Bay of Japan sea.

Transuranium elements such as Np, Pu and Am, are considered to be the most important radioactive elements in view of their biological toxicity and environmental impact. Concentrations of Np, Pu isotopes and Am in two sediment cores collected from Peter the Great Bay of Japan Sea were determined using radiochemical separation combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurement. The Pu and Am concentrations in all sediment samples range from 0.

Simultaneous Determination of Transuranium Radionuclides in Urine by Tandem Quadrupole ICP-MS/MS with Mass-Shift Mode Combined with Chemical Separation.

The urine bioassay method for transuranium nuclides (Np, Pu, Am, and Cm) is needed to quickly assess the potential internal contamination in emergency situations. However, in the case that the analysis of multiple radionuclides is required in the same sample, time-consuming/tedious sequential analytical procedures using multiple chromatographic separation resins would have to be employed for the separation of every single radionuclide. In this work, a rapid method for the simultaneous determination of transuranium nuclides in urine was developed by using triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) combined with a single DGA resin column.

Zexieyin formula alleviates atherosclerosis with cognitive impairment: A novel role in the treatment of comorbidities and its underlying mechanisms.

Ethnopharmacological Relevancy: Zexieyin formula (ZXYF) has been identified to have therapeutic actions of atherosclerosis (AS). It's unknown that whether ZXYF has therapeutic potential of atherosclerosis (AS) with cognitive impairment (CI) and its underlying mechanisms.

Aim Of The Study: To elucidate therapeutic effect of ZXYF for AS with CI as well as its underlying mechanisms in AS with CI mice model.

Intracellular Fusobacterium nucleatum infection attenuates antitumor immunity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Currently, the influence of the tumor microbiome on the effectiveness of immunotherapy remains largely unknown. Intratumoural Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) functions as an oncogenic bacterium and can promote tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Our previous study revealed that Fn is a facultative intracellular bacterium and that its virulence factor Fn-Dps facilitates the intracellular survival of Fn.

Effects of PK-guided prophylaxis on clinical outcomes and FVIII consumption for patients with moderate to severe Haemophilia A.

Introduction: In recent years, there has been increased focus on individualizing treatment for persons with hemophilia including pharmacokinetic-guided (PK) dosing.

Aims: In this retrospective study clinical outcomes before and after PK-guided prophylaxis were examined.

Materials And Methods: Eight Haemophilia Treatment Centres from the United States participated in the study and included 132 patients classified into two cohorts: those undergoing a PK-assessment for product switch (switchers) or to optimize treatment (non-switchers).

Evaluation of clinical characteristics, health care resource utilization, and cost outcomes of hemophilia A carriers and noncarriers in the United States: A real-world comparative analysis.

Hemophilia A is often viewed as a male disease; females are usually considered asymptomatic hemophilia A carriers. However, hemophilia A carriers may experience mild-to-severe bleeding events. To compare clinical characteristics, health care resource utilization, and costs incurred by hemophilia A carriers compared with a non-hemophilia A carrier female control population in the United States.

Real-world analysis of patients with haemophilia A and haemophilia A carriers in the United States: Demographics, clinical characteristics and costs.

Introduction: Females with haemophilia A (HA [FHAs]) and HA carriers (HACs) have an increased risk of bleeding and complications compared to the general population.

Aim: To examine the characteristics, billed annualised bleed rates (ABR ), costs and healthcare resource utilisation for males with HA (MHAs), FHAs and HACs in the United States.

Methods: Data were extracted from the IBM® MarketScan® Research Databases (Commercial and Medicaid) for claims during the index period (July 2016 to September 2018) and analysed across MHAs, FHAs and HACs.

[Clinical characteristics and risk factors for early-onset necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants with very/extremely low birth weight].

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for early-onset necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants with very/extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 194 VLBW/ELBW preterm infants with NEC who were admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to December 2021. These infants were divided into early-onset group (onset in the first two weeks of life; =62) and late-onset group (onset two weeks after birth; =132) based on their onset time.

Simultaneous Determination of Transuranium Radionuclides for Nuclear Forensics by Compact Accelerator Mass Spectrometry.

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is one of the most sensitive techniques used to measure the long-lived actinides. This is particularly of interest for determination of ultra-trace transuranium nuclides and their isotopic fingerprints for nuclear forensics. In this work, a new method was developed for simultaneous determination of transuranium nuclides (Np, Pu, Am, and Cm isotopes) by using 300 kV AMS after a sequential chemical separation of each group of actinides.

A flexible optical gas pressure sensor as the signal readout for point-of-care immunoassay.

Gas generation-based immunoassay is considered an attractive biosensing platform for the detection of biomarkers by incorporating the target recognition event with a catalyzed gas-generating reaction. Herein, an optical gas pressure sensor based on a silver/polydimethylsiloxane (Ag/PDMS) bilayer system was designed as a signal transducer to read the concentration of the detection target alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) quantitatively. In this proposed pressure-based assay, silicon dioxide (SiO) nanospheres decorated with platinum (Pt) nanoparticles were coupled to detect antibodies by covalent linkage, and the captured antibodies were conjugated with magnetic beads streptavidin-biotin interaction, simultaneously.

Rapid determination of Tc in water samples using Ti(OH)-TcO co-precipitation and TK200 resin by liquid scintillation counting.

A novel method for the determination of Tc in water samples was developed using stable Re as a chemical yield tracer and TiCl as a reducing agent. The influences of several experimental parameters, including TiCl concentration, HCl concentration and reaction time, on the reduction of TcO and ReO as well as Ti(OH)-TcO-ReO co-precipitation were investigated. Tc(VII) and Re(VII) retained on TK200 resin were effectively eluted by 5 mL of 1 mol/L NHSCN, which can be directly mixed with the scintillation cocktail for liquid scintillation counting.

Identification and Validation of Serum CST1 as a Diagnostic Marker for Differentiating Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer from Pulmonary Benign Nodules.

Background: Effective means for early diagnosis are imperative to reduce death rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We aimed to find out high-performance serologic markers to distinguish early-stage NSCLC patients from benign pulmonary nodule patients and healthy controls (HC). Cystatin-SN (CST1) is an active cysteine protease inhibitor of the CST superfamily, involving in the processes of inflammation and tumorigenesis.

Differential Antibody Response to Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines in Healthy Subjects.

The appearance and magnitude of the immune response and the related factors correlated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination need to be defined. Here, we enrolled a prospective cohort of 52 participants who received two doses of inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV). Their serial plasma samples (n = 260) over 2 months were collected at five timepoints.