The cognitive mechanisms of prospective memory in children with hearing impairment aged 13 to 16.

This paper explores the cognitive mechanisms of prospective memory in children with hearing impairment through two studies. Study 1, based on questionnaire results, indicates that children with hearing impairment score higher on prospective memory tasks compared to typically developing children. Study 2, derived from experimental outcomes, reveals that children with hearing impairment perform worse on both event-based and time-based prospective memory tasks than their typical hearing peers, with time-based prospective memory showing a more pronounced deficit.

Broadband microwave-rate dark pulse microcombs in dissipation-engineered LiNbO microresonators.

Kerr microcombs generated in optical microresonators provide broadband light sources bridging optical and microwave signals. Their translation to thin-film lithium niobate unlocks second-order nonlinear optical interfaces such as electro-optic modulation and frequency doubling for completing comb functionalities. However, the strong Raman response of LiNbO has complicated the formation of Kerr microcombs.

Deciphering the shared genetic architecture between bipolar disorder and body mass index.

Background: The comorbidity between bipolar disorder (BD) and high body mass index (BMI) is well-documented, but their shared genetic architecture remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore this genetic correlation and potential causality.

Methods: Utilizing large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, we quantified global and local genetic correlations between BD and BMI using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Heritability Estimation from Summary Statistics.

Astaxanthin Inhibits Ferroptosis of Hippocampal Neurons in Kainic Acid-Induced Epileptic Mice by Activating the Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Epilepsy, a prevalent neurological disorder, is distinguished by episodic abnormal discharges of neurons within the brain, resulting in transient brain dysfunction. Prior research has identified a novel form of cell death termed ferroptosis, which is intricately linked to the initiation and progression of epilepsy. It has been demonstrated that astaxanthin (AST) can inhibit ferroptosis by enhancing the activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby providing cytoprotection.

Enhancing doctor-patient communication using large language models for pathology report interpretation.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare settings. Postoperative pathology reports, which are essential for diagnosing and determining treatment strategies for surgical patients, frequently include complex data that can be challenging for patients to comprehend. This complexity can adversely affect the quality of communication between doctors and patients about their diagnosis and treatment options, potentially impacting patient outcomes such as understanding of their condition, treatment adherence, and overall satisfaction.

Analysis of the Clinicopathological Characteristics, Genetic Phenotypes, and Prognostics of Primary Pulmonary and Bronchial Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.

Background: Primary pulmonary and bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (PACC) is a rare, low-grade malignant tumor of the lung. However, the relationship between its clinical features, surgical prognosis, and genetic phenotype has not been fully described.

Methods: PACC patient information was collected from the SEER, TCGA, and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (FDZSH) databases.

Butylphthalide may inhibit blood-brain barrier disruption through complement-related pathways to alleviate cognitive impairment in epileptic mice.

Background: Temporal lobe epilepsy is often accompanied by comorbid symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and cognitive dysfunction. Research indicates a close relationship between blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment and these symptoms. DL-3n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been reported to protect the BBB, but the molecular mechanisms by which NBP protects the BBB in epilepsy models remain unclear.

The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen for respiratory infections in children. Previous studies have reported respiratory tract microbial disturbances associated with MP infection (MPI); however, since the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virome data in school-aged children with MPI remains insufficient. This study aims to explore the changes in the respiratory virome caused by MPI after the COVID-19 pandemic to enrich local epidemiological data.

Correlation between abnormal microvascular perfusion and quantitative flow ratio after primary PCI in patients with STEMI.

Aims: Timely assessment of abnormal microvascular perfusion (MVP) may improve prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to determine the clinical implications of contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (cQFR) in evaluating abnormal MVP and subsequent outcomes among STEMI patients after successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).

Methods: The study population consisted of 2 independent cohorts.

Aptamer-based DNAzyme walker electrochemical biosensing strategy for Acinetobacter baumannii detection.

In this study, an innovative electrochemical biosensor was developed for the rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of Acinetobacter baumannii without the need for sample pretreatment. The biosensor utilized an aptamer as a specific capture probe for A. baumannii and employed a self-powered DNAzyme walker cleavage cycle reaction to achieve signal amplification.

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of CCFM6432 in alleviating depression.

Accumulating evidence highlights the crucial role of the "gut-brain axis" and emphasizes the potential of dietary interventions to improve brain health through this pathway. This study assesses the effects of the probiotic CCFM6432 on mood, sleep, and gastrointestinal function in patients with depressive disorder. This clinical trial is a randomized, placebo-controlled study (Registration: ChiCTR2300071025).

The right brachioradial artery with the radial recurrent artery absence: a cadaveric case report.

Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to present an anatomical variation of the radial artery observed in anatomical practice and to discuss its clinical significance.

Methods: During the dissection of the right upper limb of a Chinese adult male, a high-position variation of the right radial artery with the absence of the radial recurrent artery was found.

Results: The variant branch of the right radial artery originates from the brachial artery and arises medially in the upper one-third of the arm.

Discovery of novel and highly potent dual-targeting PKMYT1/HDAC2 inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma through structure-based virtual screening and biological evaluation.

Simultaneous inhibition of two or more pathways is playing a crucial role in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with complex and diverse pathogenesis. However, there have been no reports of dual-targeting inhibitors for protein kinase membrane-associated tyrosine/threonine 1 (PKMYT1) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), which are critical targets for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Here, an integrated strategy of virtual screening was utilized to identify dual-targeting inhibitors for PKMYT1 and HDAC2.

Comparative proteomic analysis between tumor tissues and intratumoral exosomes from lung adenocarcinoma patients identifies PAFAH1B3 as an exosomal protein key for initiating metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Mounting evidence strongly indicates that exosomes are pivotal in the advancement of cancer, yet the overarching profile of exosomal proteins and their contribution to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression remain underexplored. In our investigation, we isolated exosomes from treatment-naive LUAD (n = 20) and paired normal adjacent tissues (NATs), and conducted integrated proteomic on the acquired exosomes and source tissues to ascertain origin characteristics and potential therapeutic targets of the exosomal proteins in LUAD. The omics data revealed the overall landscape of exosomal proteins from tissues in LUAD, underscoring the profound linkage between exosomal proteins and tumor metastasis.

Phenotypic insights into genetic risk factors for immune-related adverse events in cancer immunotherapy.

Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) pose substantial challenges in the realm of cancer immunotherapy, frequently affecting treatment efficacy and patient safety. To address the urgent need for identifying risk factors associated with irAEs, we conducted a comprehensive phenotype-wide Mendelian randomization analysis (MR-PheWAS).

Methods: Utilizing publicly accessible genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, this investigation evaluated the impact of over 5000 exposure variables on susceptibility to irAEs using univariate Mendelian randomization (MR).

The Research Progress of Metformin Regulation of Metabolic Reprogramming in Malignant Tumors.

Background: Metabolism reprogramming is a crucial hallmark of malignant tumors. Tumor cells demonstrate enhanced metabolic efficiency, converting nutrient inputs into glucose, amino acids, and lipids essential for their malignant proliferation and progression. Metformin, a commonly prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has garnered attention for its potential anticancer effects beyond its established hypoglycemic benefits.

CircFOXO3 upregulation mediates the radioresistance of glioblastoma by affecting cellular metabolome.

Introduction: Radioresistance remains a significant challenge in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most prevalent and lethal brain cancer in adults. Metabolic alterations are known to contribute to radioresistance by activating antioxidant responses and promoting DNA repair. However, the role of circular RNAs in this process, particularly circFOXO3, is not well understood.

IGFBP7+ subpopulation and IGFBP7 risk score in astrocytoma: insights from scRNA-Seq and bulk RNA-Seq.

Background: Glioma is the predominant malignant brain tumor that lacks effective treatment options due to its shielding by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Astrocytes play a role in the development of glioma, yet the diverse cellular composition of astrocytoma has not been thoroughly researched.

Methods: We examined the internal diversity of seven distinct astrocytoma subgroups through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), pinpointed crucial subgroups using CytoTRACE, monocle2 pseudotime analysis, and slingshot pseudotime analysis, employed various techniques to identify critical subgroups, and delved into cellular communication analysis.

Prognostic modeling and Emerging therapeutic targets Unveiled through single-cell sequencing in esophageal squamous Cell carcinoma.

ESCC presents a significant global health challenge due to its high mortality rates and varying responses to treatment. This underscores the critical need for novel diagnostic and predictive biomarkers to improve treatment outcomes. Initially, we conducted single-cell transcriptome sequencing on a total of 128,688 cells obtained from 10 patients as part of our research.

Innovative mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastic-induced brain injury: Emphasis on the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), emerging environmental pollutants, infiltrate marine, terrestrial, and freshwater systems via diverse pathways, culminating in their accumulation in the human body through food chain transmission, posing potential health risks. Researches have demonstrated that MNPs disrupt gut microbiota equilibrium and compromise intestinal barrier integrity, as well as traverse the blood-brain barrier, leading to brain damage. Moreover, the complex interaction between the gut and the nervous system, facilitated by the "gut-brain axis," indicates an additional pathway for MNPs-induced brain damage.

Absolute quantitation of human serum cystatin C: candidate reference method by N-labeled recombinant protein isotope dilution UPLC-MS/MS.

Objectives: Serum cystatin C (CysC) is a reliable and ideal endogenous marker for accurately assessing early changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), surpassing the limitations of creatinine-based estimated GFR. To improve the precision of GFR calculation, the development of strategies for accurately measuring serum CysC is crucial.

Methods: In this study, the full-length CysC pure product and fully recombinant N-labeled CysC internal standard were subjected to protein cleavage.

Association between admission blood pressure and spontaneous reperfusion and long-term prognosis in STEMI patients: an observational and multicenter study.

Background: This study aims to assess the associations of admission systolic blood pressure (SBP) level with spontaneous reperfusion (SR) and long-term prognosis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.

Methods: Data from 3809 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 24 h, as recorded in the Chinese STEMI PPCI Registry (NCT04996901), were analyzed. The primary endpoint was SR, defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 2-3 flow of IRA according to emergency angiography.