Blood Glucose Levels Moderate the Associations Between IGF-1 Levels and Choroidal Metrics in Patients With Diabetes With Acromegaly Without Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To examine the effects of serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on choroidal structures with different blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with acromegaly without diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Eighty-eight eyes of 44 patients with acromegaly were divided into a nondiabetic group (23 patients, 46 eyes) and a diabetic group (21 patients, 42 eyes). Forty-four age- and sex-matched healthy controls and 21 patients with type 2 DM without diabetic retinopathy were also included.

The key point of transsphenoidal surgery for infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngioma：Better sellar diaphragm resection.

Background: Craniopharyngiomas have a high recurrence rate and a poor prognosis, and the key methods for reducing recurrences are unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the key points of microscopic or endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery used to treat infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas who were admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2011 and 2018.

CD87-targeted BiTE and CAR-T cells potently inhibit invasive nonfunctional pituitary adenomas.

Recently, bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) and chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-Ts) have been shown to have high therapeutic efficacy in hematological tumors. CD87 is highly expressed in solid tumors with an oncogenic function. To assess their cytotoxic effects on invasive nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (iNFPAs), we first examined CD87 expression and its effects on the metabolism of iNFPA cells.

Research on the relation between hydro-chemical and geological characteristics in karst area: Case study in Zhong Liang Mountain, Southwest China.

Karst groundwater, which is one of most important drinking water sources, is vulnerable to be polluted as its closed hydraulic relation with surface water. Thus, it is very important to identify the groundwater source to control groundwater pollution. The Pearson correlation coefficient among major ions (Na + K, Ca, Mg, HCO , SO , and Cl) was employed to deduce the groundwater types in Zhong Liang Mountain, Southwest China.

Artificial neural network identified a 20-gene panel in predicting immunotherapy response and survival benefits after anti-PD1/PD-L1 treatment in glioblastoma patients.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a promising immunotherapy approach, but glioblastoma clinical trials have not yielded satisfactory results.

Objective: To screen glioblastoma patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.

Methods: Eighty-one patients receiving anti-PD1/PD-L1 treatment from a large-scale clinical trial and 364 patients without immunotherapy from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were included.

Immune landscape and progress in immunotherapy for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (pitNETs) are the second most common primary brain tumors. Despite their prevalence, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and its clinical implications remain largely unexplored. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on the immune landscape and advancements in targeted immunotherapy for pitNETs.

Reversibility of Impaired Large-Scale Functional Brain Networks in Cushing's Disease after Surgery Treatment: A Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Chronic exposure to excessive endogenous cortisol leads to brain changes in Cushing's disease (CD). However, it remains unclear how CD affects large-scale functional networks (FNs) and whether these effects are reversible after treatment. This study aimed to investigate functional network changes of CD patients and their reversibility in a longitudinal cohort.

Preoperative and postoperative blood testosterone levels in patients with acromegaly: a prospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of low blood testosterone level (LTL) and its determinant factors among active male acromegaly patients, as well as the effect of surgery on LTL in male acromegaly patients.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center study focused on 252 male acromegaly patients aged 18 years-60 years diagnosed in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 was carried out. The measurements of preoperative and postoperative testosterone levels, serum growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and other clinical data were analyzed.

Variation in sediment sources and the response of suspended sediment grain size in the upper Changjiang River Basin following the large dam constructions.

The amount, patterns, and particle size composition of suspended sediment in the upper Changjiang Basin has been altered significantly due to the cascade reservoirs construction. A dam breach may disrupt sedimentation in the reservoir, channel erosion downstream of the dam, and the cycle of nutrients and contaminants adherent to the dam. This study is based on the long time-series field data of water discharge, sediment flux, and suspended sediment grain size of the upper Changjiang River Basin from 1973 to 2019.

B7-H3 in Brain Malignancies: Immunology and Immunotherapy.

The immune checkpoint B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family with immunoregulatory properties, has been identified recently as a novel target for immunotherapy for refractory blood cancers and solid malignant tumors. While research on B7-H3 in brain malignancies is limited, there is growing interest in exploring its therapeutic potential in this context. B7-H3 plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and endothelial cells within the tumor microenvironment, contributing to the creation of a pro-tumorigenic milieu.

Anchoring BiS quantum dots on flower-like TiO nanostructures to boost photoredox coupling of H evolution and oxidative organic transformation.

The rational integration of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with anatase TiO nanostructures is a promising strategy to develop efficient photocatalysts. Herein, BiSQD/TiO photocatalyst was constructed by controllably depositing BiS QDs on flower-like TiO nanostructures and used for the photocatalytic redox-coupling reaction of H evolution and oxidative transformation of benzyl alcohol. The abundant amino groups in TiO nanostructures served as the anchoring sites for uniform growth of BiS QDs.

Assessment of potential ecological risk based on the vertical characteristics of potential toxic elements in sediments from a high-density cage culture reservoir in China.

The pollution of sediments around Lu Ban Island is a serious environmental issue that is threatening human health. The concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn at 73 layer points were investigated, vertical distribution characteristics, correlation among potential toxic elements and potential ecological risks of sediments at different depth were analyzed. The following results were obtained, (1) the hypothesis that there was a linear relationship between concentration of potential toxic elements and the reciprocal of deep was reasonable.

Surgical management of pituitary adenoma during pregnancy.

Background: Although conservative treatment is typically recommended for pregnant patients with pituitary adenoma (PA), surgical treatment is occasionally necessary for those with acute symptoms. Currently, surgical interventions utilized among these patients is poorly studied.

Aim: To evaluate the surgical indications, timing, perioperative precautions and postoperative complications of PAs during pregnancy and to provide comprehensive guidance.

Skin manifestations and submacroscopical features of acromegaly: A case-control study using dermoscopy and high-frequency ultrasound.

Background: Although the cutaneous involvement of acromegaly has been recognized, the submacroscopical skin changes and the extent of skin thickening of patients remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the clinical cutaneous manifestations, dermoscopic features, and skin thickness revealed by high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) of acromegalic patients.

Methods: A case-control observational study was conducted.

Sub-macroscopic skin presentation of acromegaly and effect of pituitary tumor surgery: A study using dermatoscopy and ultra-high-frequency ultrasound.

Objective: Excessive growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 contribute to cutaneous changes in acromegaly. We investigated the sub-macroscopic skin manifestation of acromegaly patients and explored its reversibility upon hormone reduction after pituitary adenoma surgery.

Design: Prospectively cohort study.

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses provide insights into the cellular origins and drivers of brain metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is the most common intracranial malignancy causing significant mortality, and lung cancer is the most common origin of BM. However, the cellular origins and drivers of BM from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have yet to be defined.

Methods: The cellular constitutions were characterized by single-cell transcriptomic profiles of 11 LUAD primary tumor (PT) and 10 BM samples (GSE131907).

Moving toward a standardized diagnostic statement of pituitary adenoma using an information extraction model: a real-world study based on electronic medical records.

Purpose: Diagnostic statements for pituitary adenomas (PAs) are complex and unstandardized. We aimed to determine the most commonly used elements contained in the statements and their combination patterns and variations in real-world clinical practice, with the ultimate goal of promoting standardized diagnostic recording and establishing an efficient element extraction process.

Methods: Patient medical records from 2012 to 2020 that included PA among the first three diagnoses were included.

Safety of Withholding Perioperative Hydrocortisone for Patients With Pituitary Adenomas With an Intact Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Pituitary adenoma is the second most common primary brain tumor. Perioperative hydrocortisone has been used for decades to avoid postoperative adrenal insufficiency. Recent studies suggest that withholding perioperative hydrocortisone may be safe for patients with an intact hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Elevated IGF-1 and GH Levels Are Correlated With a Thicker Iris and Wider Anterior Chamber Angle in Treatment-Naïve Acromegaly Patients.

Purpose: To compare the difference in anterior segment biometrics derived from anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) between treatment-naïve acromegaly patients and normal controls and evaluate the correlations between above biometrics and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) levels.

Methods: Sixty eyes of 30 acromegaly patients and 60 eyes of 30 normal controls were included in this case-control study. Central corneal thickness, pupil diameter, iris thickness (IT), iris curvature (IC), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber width, lens vault (LV), angle open distance (AOD) 500, AOD750, and trabecular iris space area (TISA) 500 and TISA750 were measured by AS-OCT.

Efficacy and adverse events of octreotide long-acting release in acromegaly: a real-world retrospective study.

Background: Octreotide long-acting release (LAR) is a common drug used for acromegaly that aims to normalize serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). However, only a few studies have evaluated its efficacy and safety in Chinese patients. This retrospective study aimed to assess its efficacy and safety in a cohort of Chinese patients with acromegaly.

Synthesis of FeO@CdS@CQDs ternary core-shell heterostructures as a magnetically recoverable photocatalyst for selective alcohol oxidation coupled with HO production.

Photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of aromatic alcohols to corresponding aldehydes coupled with producing hydrogen peroxide (HO) represents one of the most efficient strategies for converting solar energy into chemical energy. In this work, a magnetically recoverable photocatalyst of FeO@CdS@CQDs ternary core-shell heterostructures is elaborately fabricated through the hydrothermal growth of CdS on FeO nanospheres with in-situ incorporation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and used for selective alcohol oxidation coupled with HO production. The FeO@CdS@CQDs photocatalyst possess distinct advantages of full solar spectral absorption, efficient charge separation, and high stability.