Pixel-wise navigation line extraction of cross-growth-stage seedlings in complex sugarcane fields and extension to corn and rice.

Extracting the navigation line of crop seedlings is significant for achieving autonomous visual navigation of smart agricultural machinery. Nevertheless, in field management of crop seedlings, numerous available studies involving navigation line extraction mainly focused on specific growth stages of specific crop seedlings so far, lacking a generalizable algorithm for addressing challenges under complex cross-growth-stage seedling conditions. In response to such challenges, we proposed a generalizable navigation line extraction algorithm using classical image processing technologies.