Rv2741 Promotes Mycobacterium Survival by Modulating Macrophage Function via the IL-1α-MAPK Axis.

One of the primary healthcare problems in the world today is tuberculosis (TB), a chronic infectious illness brought on by (). A distinct family of PE_PGRS proteins, encoded by the genome, has attracted more attention because of their involvement in immune evasion and bacterial pathogenicity. Nevertheless, the specific functions and mechanisms of action for the majority of PE_PGRS proteins remain largely unexplored.

Screening of Regulatory mRNAs and miRNAs that Suppress Staphylococcus aureus Proliferation via Macrophage Ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis is a unique form of regulated cell death that results from unrestricted lipid peroxidation, and it enhances the production of intracellular oxidative stress molecules. In this study, we investigated the effect of macrophage ferroptosis on the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and sought potential host-directed therapy (HDT) targets for S.

Real-world effectiveness of belimumab in patients with lupus in China: RELIABLE observational cohort study protocol.

Introduction: The efficacy of belimumab in SLE has been demonstrated in randomised clinical trials, and its real-world effectiveness has been shown in studies in several countries. While belimumab was approved for treating SLE in China in 2019, data on its benefit in clinical practice are limited. This study will evaluate belimumab's effectiveness in China, using practical clinical measures, such as Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS), to add to the body of real-world evidence.

A lipid membrane-centric role of the SQSTM1/p62 body during autophagosome formation.

The phase separated SQSTM1/p62 body drives the formation of autophagosomes during macroautophagy/autophagy. However, the underlying mechanism by which the SQSTM1/p62 body acts during this process remains less understood. Recently, we reported that the SQSTM1/p62 body can work as a nucleation center to recruit local membrane sources for the expanding phagophore.

Role of Surface Coverage of Sessile Probiotics in Their Interplay with Pathogen Bacteria Investigated by Digital Holographic Microscopy.

The adhesion of probiotics plays an important role in the gastrointestinal tract. Understanding the effect of the coverage of colonized probiotics on enteric pathogens is critical for the design of effective probiotic therapies. In the present work, we have investigated the adaptive behaviors of the intestinal pathogenic bacteria (ES) near the surfaces coated with a probiotic─ GG (LGG) as a function of surface coverage ratio () by using a home-setup digital holographic microscopy.

AoA-L2 and Usage-L2 modulate the functional neuroplasticity of the subcortex.

Previous studies revealed structural differences in subcortical regions between monolinguals and bilinguals; however, whether the functional neuroplasticity of the subcortex is modulated by different bilingual experiences remains unclear. Here, we examined the effect of age of second language acquisition (AoA-L2) and usage of L2 (Usage-L2) on subcorto-cortical and intra-subcortical functional connectivity (FC) in bilinguals by using resting-state fMRI data. The relations between brain measurements and bilingual experiences were revealed by using multiple regression analysis.

MicroRNA hsa-miR-320a-3p and Its Targeted mRNA FKBP5 Were Differentially Expressed in Patients with HIV/TB Co-Infection.

Among the PLWH (people living with HIV) population, the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) is increasing. Active TB also accelerates the deterioration of PLWH's immune function and is one of the leading causes of death in the PLWH population. So far, accurate diagnosis of active TB in the PLWH population remains challenging.

Cytoplasmic DNAs: Sources, sensing, and roles in the development of lung inflammatory diseases and cancer.

Cytoplasmic DNA is emerging as a pivotal contributor to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and cancer, such as COVID-19 and lung carcinoma. However, the complexity of various cytoplasmic DNA-related pathways and their crosstalk remains challenging to distinguish their specific roles in many distinct inflammatory diseases, especially for the underlying mechanisms. Here, we reviewed the latest findings on cytoplasmic DNA and its signaling pathways in inflammatory lung conditions and lung cancer progression.

Methylprednisolone Promotes Survival in Macrophages through NF-κB/DUSP1 Pathway.

Background: () is the causative agent of tuberculosis. As an important component of host immunity, macrophages are not only the first line of defense against but also the parasitic site of in the host. Glucocorticoids can cause immunosuppression, which is considered to be one of the major risk factors for active tuberculosis, but the mechanism is unclear.

Association of lifestyle behaviors with health-related quality of life among patients with hematologic diseases.

Purpose: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multi-dimensional construct used to assess the impact of health status on quality of life, and it is known to be affected by lifestyle behaviors. This study focused on multiple lifestyle behaviors among patients with hematologic diseases, including physical activity, dietary intake, sleep quality, occupational exposure, alcohol consumption and smoking. The main objective was to investigate the association of both individual and clustering of health behaviors with HRQoL among the population with hematologic diseases based on a comprehensive lifestyle survey.

Integration of Milstein Ru-PNN and Rh-Tribi/Tetrabi for Isomerization Linear Selective Hydroformylation of Far Internal Alkenes.

Converting cheap and abundant internal alkenes to value-added linear aldehydes is of great importance but not an addressed issue. In this paper, an integration of a Milstein-type Ru-PNN catalyst and our Rh-Tribi/Tetrabi catalyst was first demonstrated in highly improved isomerization linear selective hydroformylation of 2-, 3-, and 4-alkenes, yielding excellent linear selectivities and activities (linear selectivity improvements of 2.2-58%, up to 94.

Effect of NaOH molarities to the microstructure and sodium storage performance of the Sn-MOF derived SnOmicroporous rod.

In this study, we demonstrated a facile method to prepare a novel SnOmicroporous rod with various microstructures by controlling NaOH molarities in precursor synthesis processes. Four different molarities of NaOH solution (0.005 M, 0.

Effectiveness and Safety of COPD Maintenance Therapy with Tiotropium/Olodaterol versus LABA/ICS in a US Claims Database.

Introduction: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), treatment with long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/long-acting β-agonist (LABA) combination therapy significantly improves lung function versus LABA/inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). To investigate whether LAMA/LABA could provide better clinical outcomes than LABA/ICS, this non-interventional database study assessed the risk of COPD exacerbations, pneumonia, and escalation to triple therapy in patients with COPD initiating maintenance therapy with tiotropium/olodaterol versus any LABA/ICS combination.

Methods: Administrative healthcare claims and laboratory results data from the US HealthCore Integrated Research Database were evaluated for patients with COPD initiating tiotropium/olodaterol versus LABA/ICS treatment (January 2013-March 2019).

Correction to: Association of rheumatoid arthritis-related autoantibodies with pulmonary function test abnormalities in a rheumatoid arthritis registry.

The publisher regrets that the two sections under the Results omitted inadvertently on the original published version of the above article.

Association of rheumatoid arthritis-related autoantibodies with pulmonary function test abnormalities in a rheumatoid arthritis registry.

Introduction: We investigated whether rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoantibodies were associated with abnormalities on pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

Methods: We studied RA serostatus and PFT abnormalities within a RA registry. RA serostatus was assessed by research assays for cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF).

Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Predicting Incident Clinically Apparent Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity and risk of RA-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).

Methods: We investigated disease activity and risk of RA-ILD using the Brigham RA Sequential Study (BRASS, 2003-2016). All patients were diagnosed as having RA according to accepted criteria.

Incidence and predictors of dyspnea on exertion in a prospective cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and predictors of dyspnea on exertion among subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We investigated dyspnea on exertion using a prospective cohort, the Brigham RA Sequential Study (BRASS). Clinically significant dyspnea on exertion was defined as a score of ≥3 (unable to ambulate without breathlessness or worse) on the validated Medical Research Council (MRC) scale (range 0-5).

Alcohol consumption and incident diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prospective association between baseline and 9 year change in alcohol consumption and long-term risk of diabetes and whether these associations might be modified by sex and/or BMI.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of 12,042 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants without prevalent diabetes (55% women, 78% white, mean age 54 years). Alcohol consumption was assessed at visit 1 (1987-1989) and visit 4 (1996-1998).

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Dietary Pattern and Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Results From the ARIC Study.

Background The role of a healthy dietary pattern in the prevention of abdominal aortic aneurysms ( AAA ) is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between adherence to a Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension-style dietary pattern and the risk of incident AAA s. Methods and Results Dietary intake was assessed via a 66-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline (1987-1989) and at visit 3 (1993-1995) in 13 496 participants enrolled in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study without clinical AAA (mean age, 54 years).

Establishment of Community-Based Reference Intervals for Fructosamine, Glycated Albumin, and 1,5-Anhydroglucitol.

Background: There is growing interest in fructosamine, glycated albumin, and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) as alternative measures of hyperglycemia, particularly for use in settings where traditional measures (glucose and HbA1c) are problematic or where intermediate (2-4 weeks) glycemic control is of interest. However, reference intervals for these alternative biomarkers are not established.

Methods: We measured fructosamine, glycated albumin, and 1,5-AG in a community-based sample of US black and white adults who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.