Sialic acid-modified nanomedicines modulate neutrophils for dual therapy of cancer and sepsis: addressing neglected sepsis comorbidities during cancer treatment.

Advanced cancer patients face a high risk of sepsis due to immune suppression and infection susceptibility. To tackle this challenge, we developed an innovative animal model that simulates the clinical scenario of late-stage cancer complicated by sepsis and designed a sialic acid (SA)-modified paclitaxel (PTX) liposome (PTX-SAL). This formulation specifically targets overactivated peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) by binding to L-selectin on their surface.

A novel peptide CP29L, selected from the phage displayed cyclic random heptapeptide library, demonstrates its potent inhibitory effects to liver cancer HCCLM3 cells by targeting FOXM1.

FOXM1 is the "Achilles' heel" of cancers and hence the potential therapeutic target for anticancer drug discovery. In this work, we selected high affinity peptides against the protein of human DNA binding domain of FOXM1 (FOXM1-DBD) from the disulfide-constrained, phage displayed random cyclic heptapeptide library Ph.D.

Characteristics of altered biventricular hemodynamics after arterial switch operation for patients with d-transposition of the great arteries with preserved ejection fraction: a four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) study.

Background: The long-term monitoring of biventricular function is essential to identify potential functional decline in patients following the arterial switch operation (ASO). The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for altered biventricular hemodynamics in ASO patients are not yet well understood. This study sought to: (I) compare the biventricular kinetic energy (KE) and vorticity of ASO patients and age- and sex-matched controls; (II) investigate the associations of four-dimensional (4D) flow biventricular hemodynamics parameters and neo-aortic root dilation, supravalvular pulmonary stenosis, and pulmonary artery transvalvular pressure difference.

Association between dietary antioxidant indices and hypertension among Chinese adults.

The effect of dietary antioxidants on blood pressure (BP) regulation and hypertension risk remains largely unknown. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the impacts of dietary antioxidants on systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP), and hypertension risk among Chinese adults. The cross-sectional study assessed data from 12,046 Chinese adults, evaluating dietary antioxidant quality scores (DAQS) and total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) via a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Analysis of the frequency-response stability and reliability of a tower-column unstable rock mass on a high and steep slope.

The first-order second-moment checking point method was introduced to judge the instability probability and evaluate the stability of the TCURM. The frequency-response stability calculation and the reliability results were compared, and a frequency-response stability and reliability analysis method was proposed. Taking the Zengziyan W12 unstable rock mass in Nanchuan, Chongqing, China, as an example, the calculation shows that the dynamic indexes and geological indexes decrease as the stiffness of the deterioration area decreases.

Optimizing Colonoscopy Preparation in Autistic Children: A Comparative Study of Hypertonic Sugar Saline and Normal Saline Enemas.

Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of combining oral polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution with hypertonic sugar saline enema for colonoscopy preparation in autistic children.

Methods: Clinical data of 58 children with autism who underwent fecal bacteria transplantation and transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) catheterization at the hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Participants were allocated into 2 groups: a control group (26 children) and an observation group (32 children), differentiated by their intestinal preparation protocols.

Sialic acid-modified docetaxel cationic liposomes: double targeting of tumor-associated macrophages and tumor endothelial cells.

Taxane drugs are clinically used for the treatment of many types of cancers due to their excellent antitumor effects. However, the surfactants contained in the injections currently used in the clinic may have serious toxic side effects on the organism, making it necessary to develop new dosage forms. Cationic liposomes have been widely used in antitumor research because of their advantage of preferentially targeting tumor neovascularization, but antitumor by targeting tumor vasculature alone does not necessarily provide good results.

Intravenous injection of nattokinase-heparin electrostatic complex improves the therapeutic effect of advanced tumors by dissolving cancer-related thrombosis.

Aims: Cancer-related thrombosis (CAT) is a common complication in cancer patients, significantly impacting their quality of life and survival prospects. Nattokinase (NK) has potent thrombolytic properties, however, its efficacy is limited by low oral bioavailability and the risk of severe allergic reactions with intravenous use. Heparin (HP) is a widely used anticoagulant in clinical settings.

Targeting SMYD2 promotes ferroptosis and impacts the progression of pancreatic cancer through the c-Myc/NCOA4 axis-mediated ferritinophagy.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Ferroptosis plays an important role in cancer, SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2) is widely expressed in various cancers. However, the role of SMYD2 in regulating ferroptosis in PC remains unexplored.

Reciprocal Relations between Cognitive Empathy and Post-Traumatic Growth in School Bullying Victims.

The association between post-traumatic growth (PTG) and cognitive empathy is well documented; however, few studies have tested the causal pathways explaining this association in school bullying victims' later recovery and growth in the long term. This study used a longitudinal design to examine the reciprocal relations between cognitive empathy and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in school bullying victims. We screened 725 adolescents who had experienced school bullying as our final subjects out of the 2173 adolescents we surveyed over three periods (November 2019, 2020, and 2021).

Phosphatidylserine and/or Sialic Acid Modified Liposomes Increase Uptake by Tumor-associated Macrophages and Enhance the Anti-tumor Effect.

DOX liposomes have better therapeutic effects and lower toxic side effects. The targeting ability of liposomes is one of the key factors affecting the therapeutic effect of DOX liposomes. This study developed two types of targeted liposomes.

Approach for determining micro-strength parameters of rock based on particle flow code.

Discrete Element Method (DEM) has been successfully utilized to model rock behavior based on particle flow code (PFC), which is extensively employed in solving various problems related to rock engineering and geomechanics. Therefore, a convenient method for selecting appropriate microparameters of PFC for model generation is necessary. The present study aims to develop a novel approach that calculates proper micro-strength parameters for the contact bond model (CBM).

Methods comparison of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for host cell protein characterization.

Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) is a gel-based protein separation method based on size and charge which is commonly used for the characterization of host cell proteins (HCPs) during drug development in biotech and pharmaceutical companies. HCPs are a heterogenous mixture of proteins produced by host cells during a biologics drug manufacturing process. Different gel electrophoresis methods including traditional 2D SDS-PAGE with silver and SYPRO Ruby fluorescent dye staining as well as two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) were compared for their relative abilities to characterize HCPs.

Durable protective efficiency provide by mRNA vaccines require robust immune memory to antigens and weak immune memory to lipid nanoparticles.

The Pegylated lipids in lipid nanoparticle (LNPs) vaccines have been found to cause acute hypersensitivity reactions in recipients, and generate -LNPs immunity after repeated administration, thereby reducing vaccine effectiveness. To overcome these challenges, we developed a new type of LNPs vaccine (SAPC-LNPs) which was co-modified with sialic acid (SA) - lipid derivative and cleavable PEG - lipid derivative. This kind of mRNA vaccine can target dendritic cells (DCs) and rapidly escape from early endosomes (EE) and lysosomes with a total endosomal escape rate up to 98 %.

Sialic acid-modified doxorubicin liposomes target tumor-related immune cells to relieve multiple inhibitions of CD8 T cells.

In different types of cancer treatments, cancer-specific T cells are required for effective anticancer immunity, which has a central role in cancer immunotherapy. However, due to the multiple inhibitions of CD8 T cells by tumor-related immune cells, CD8 T-cell mediated antitumor immunotherapy has not achieved breakthrough progress in the treatment of solid tumors. Receptors for sialic acid (SA) are highly expressed in tumor-associated immune cells, so SA-modified nanoparticles are a drug delivery nanoplatform using tumor-associated immune cells as vehicles.

CircMMP11 as a prognostic biomarker mediates miR-361-3p/HMGB1 axis to accelerate malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

As a high metastatic tumor, patients having hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) show poor prognosis. The carcinogenic roles of circMMP11 are generally described in the development of other cancers. However, there is a lack of studies on its involvement in HCC.

Simultaneous dendritic cells targeting and effective endosomal escape enhance sialic acid-modified mRNA vaccine efficacy and reduce side effects.

mRNA vaccines are attractive prospects for the development of DC-targeted vaccines; however, no clinical success has been realized because, currently, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve DC targeting and efficient endosomal/lysosomal escape. Herein, we developed a sialic acid (SA)-modified mRNA vaccine that simultaneously achieved both. The SA modification promoted DCs uptake of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) by 2 times, >90% of SA-modified LNPs rapidly escaped from early endosomes (EEs), avoided entering lysosomes, achieved mRNA simultaneously translated in ribosomes distributed in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), significantly improved the transfection efficiency of mRNA LNPs in DCs.

Quality evaluation of Keteling capsules based on fingerprinting, multicomponent quantification, and quantitative prediction.

The Keteling capsule (KC) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) made from the dried extract of Ficus microphylla and an appropriate amount of chlorpheniramine maleate. It is widely used to treat cough and relieve asthma. Despite its extensive usage, a rapid and comprehensive quality evaluation strategy for KC remains a challenge.

Sensory Features of Partially Hydrogenated Oil and Their Connection with Melting and Crystalline Characteristics.

Although partially hydrogenated oil (PHO) provides foods with outstanding thick tastes and pronounced "creamy" flavor, the high level of artificial trans-fatty acids (TFA; about 30%) limits its usages around the world in the near future. It is necessary to produce trans-free alternatives with similar tastes to PHO. The relationship between sensory attributes and physicochemical characteristics of PHO and four typical specialty fats were therefore analyzed in the present study.

Cleavable-Branched Polymer-Modified Liposomes Reduce Accelerated Blood Clearance and Enhance Photothermal Therapy.

In recent years, cationic liposomes have been successfully used as delivery platforms for mRNA vaccines. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipid derivatives are widely used to enhance the stability and reduce the toxicity of cationic liposomes. However, these derivatives are often immunogenic, triggering the rise of anti-PEG antibodies.

Assessing the quality consistency of red yeast medicinal material by five-wavelength fusion fingerprint and ultraviolet quantum fingerprint corresponding with antioxidant activity analysis.

In this study, a five-wavelength fusion fingerprint (FWFFT) combined with all-ultraviolet(UV) and antioxidant methods was used to explore the quality consistency of red yeast (RYT) samples. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Free Radical (DPPH) was used for antioxidant experiments, combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and grey correlation analysis (GCA) was performed with chromatographic peak area. The results showed that multi-wavelength fusion technology compensates for the shortcomings of single-wavelength technology, and the combination with UV avoids of the one-sidedness of single technology.

Helical Anatase Titanium Nanotubes through a Protected Crystallization Strategy for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance.

Helical structure in catalysts has attracted attention and been recently investigated for various catalytic reactions. However, helical transition metal oxides suffer from uncontrollable crystallization processes at high temperatures when being transformed from an amorphous phase into a crystalline structure. Herein, we report a helical anatase TiO nanotube for the first time, which has been prepared using a protected crystallization strategy in the confined space of silica.

Blockade of neutrophil recruitment to tumor sites based on sialic acid-modified nanoplatforms enhances the efficacy of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy.

Checkpoint inhibitors are designed to rejuvenate depleted or suppressed T cells in the tumor microenvironment, relying on the immune system to control and kill tumors. However, accumulating evidence indicates that tumor-infiltrating neutrophils impede the proliferation and activation of T cells and determine the resistance to checkpoint blockade and chemotherapy. In this study, sialic acid ligand-modified colchicine derivative phospholipid complexes specifically targeted tumor-associated neutrophils in the peripheral blood, blocked neutrophil accumulation in tumors, and attenuated the inhibitory effect of infiltrating neutrophils on T cells.

A potential platform of combining sialic acid derivative-modified paclitaxel cationic liposomes with antibody-drug conjugates inspires robust tumor-specific immunological memory in solid tumors.

The recent approvals for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in multiple malignancies in the past few years have fueled the ongoing development of this class of drug. However, the limitation of ADCs is selectivity toward cancer cells especially overexpressing the antigen of interest. To broaden the anti-cancer spectrum of ADCs, combinatorial strategies of ADCs with chemotherapy have become a central focus of the current preclinical and clinical research.