A nanovaccine for immune activation and prophylactic protection of atherosclerosis in mouse models.

Vaccines offer prophylactic treatments against atherosclerosis by eliciting effector T cell and antibody responses, which require effective delivery of antigen and adjuvant to activate dendritic cells (DC). Here we show that individual conjugation of antigen p210 and adjuvant CpG oligodeoxynucleotides onto superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles formulates a nanovaccine cocktail that activates DCs for antigen cross-presentation and induction of co-stimulatory signals, cytokines and CD8 effector/effector memory T cell responses. This nanovaccine modulates the DCs in the draining lymph nodes, activates both CD4 and CD8 T cells, elicits memory responses, and induces both anti-p210 IgM and IgG antibodies to suppress atherosclerosis.

Conformational Dynamics of Bacteriochlorophyll in Chlorosomes from the Mutant of .

In contrast to the common viewpoint that bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) motion is largely absent within the chlorosome assembly, physics-based modeling points to a crucial role of the nanoscale librational motion of the macrocycle for the transfer of excitons. To elucidate this motion experimentally, compositional uniformity and high sensitivity are required. We focused on uniformly C labeled chlorosome preparations from the mutant with significantly enhanced structural homogeneity.

Non-nucleosomal (CENP-A/H4) - DNA complexes as a possible platform for centromere organization.

The centromere is a part of the chromosome that is essential for the even segregation of duplicated chromosomes during cell division. It is epigenetically defined by the presence of the histone H3 variant CENP-A. CENP-A associates specifically with a group of 16 proteins that form the centromere-associated network of proteins (CCAN).

Identification of lactylation-associated fibroblast subclusters predicting prognosis and cancer immunotherapy response in colon cancer.

Background: Lactylation plays an important role in tumor progression. This study aimed to clarify the impact of lactylation on cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs).

Methods: Single-cell and bulk RNA sequence data, along with survival information, were obtained from TCGA and GEO datasets.

Multienzyme cascade for synthesis of hydroxytyrosol via engineered Escherichia coli.

Hydroxytyrosol, a fine chemical, is widely utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, we constructed a pathway to produce hydroxytyrosol by co-expressing tyrosin-phenol lyase (TPL), L-amino acid dehydrogenase (aadL), α-keto acid decarboxylase (KAD), aldehyde reductase (yahK) and glucose dehydrogenase (gdh). We changed combinations between plasmids with different copy numbers and target genes, resulting in 84% increase in hydroxytyrosol production.

infection is associated with the risk and phenotypes of cholelithiasis: A multi-center study and meta-analysis.

Background: () is a prevalent pathogen associated with various diseases. Cholelithiasis is also a common condition. infection has been identified in the biliary system, suggesting its potential involvement in biliary diseases.

Enhanced adhesive hydrogel for emergency hemostasis by balancing adhesion and cohesion.

Hydrogel adhesives have broad application prospects in biomedical fields such as tissue engineering and emergency rescue. However, due to the high water content and defective network structure, their inherent mechanical strength is low, which seriously hinders their application. In the present work, enhanced adhesive hydrogels could be synthesized by balancing cohesion and adhesion forces.

Phase Coexistence in Hamiltonian Hybrid Particle-Field Theory Using a Multi-Gaussian Approach.

This study introduces an implementation of multiple Gaussian filters within the Hamiltonian hybrid particle-field (HhPF) theory, aimed at capturing phase coexistence phenomena in mesoscopic molecular simulations. By employing a linear combination of two Gaussians, we demonstrate that HhPF can generate potentials with attractive and steric components analogous to Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials, which are crucial for modeling phase coexistence. We compare the performance of this method with the multi-Gaussian core model (MGCM) in simulating liquid-gas coexistence for a single-component system across various densities and temperatures.

Microenvironment-Responsive Hydrogel Enclosed with Bioactive Nanoparticle for Synergistic Postoperative Adhesion Prevention.

Postoperative adhesion (PA) is a severe complication of abdominal surgery caused by the inability of clinical physical barriers to cope with diverse pathological factors in the process of PA formation. Herein, we described a multifunctional hydrogel composed of bioactive nanoparticles (BNs) and dual-responsive hydrogel to serve as a combination of physical and pharmacological therapy for preventing PA. Specifically, BNs with pro-inflammatory cell-targeted aggregation were designed by integrating hyaluronic acid onto the polydopamine (PDA)-coated hollow ZrO nanoparticles loaded with antimicrobial peptides and platelet lysates that can eliminate bacterial infection and promote tissue repair.

Immunocyte phenotype and breast cancer risk: A Mendel randomization analysis.

Background: Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge. Understanding its etiological factors, particularly the role of immune system components, is crucial. This study leverages Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between various immune cell features and the risk of developing breast cancer.

Therapeutic siRNA targeting PLIN2 ameliorates steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in steatotic liver disease models.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. If left untreated, MASLD can progress from simple hepatic steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, which is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. Current treatment options for MASLD remain limited, leaving substantial unmet medical needs for innovative therapeutic approaches.

MXene-coated piezoelectric poly-L-lactic acid membrane accelerates wound healing by biomimicking low-voltage electrical pulses.

Electrical stimulation therapy is effective in promoting wound healing by rescuing the decreased endogenous electrical field, where self-powered and miniaturized devices such as nanogenerators become the emerging trends. While high-voltage and unidirectional electric field may pose thermal effect and damage to the skin, nanogenerators with lower voltages, pulsed or bidirectional currents, and less invasive electrodes are preferred. Herein, we construct a polydopamine (PDA)-modified poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) /MXene (PDMP/MXene) nanofibrous composite membrane that generates piezoelectric voltages matching the transepithelial potential (TEP) to accelerate wound healing.

An Ensemble Spectral Prediction (ESP) model for metabolite annotation.

Motivation: A key challenge in metabolomics is annotating measured spectra from a biological sample with chemical identities. Currently, only a small fraction of measurements can be assigned identities. Two complementary computational approaches have emerged to address the annotation problem: mapping candidate molecules to spectra, and mapping query spectra to molecular candidates.

Association between weight-adjusted waist index and risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in United States adults and the predictive value of obesity indicators.

Background: The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a quantitative anthropometric index that can be applied to evaluate obesity. This study examined the relationship between adult United States (US) residents' risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and WWI.

Methods: The NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2001-2018 provided the data for this investigation.

Health outcomes of electronic cigarettes.

The usage of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) sparked an outbreak of unidentified vaping-related lung disease in the US during late 2019. With e-cigarettes becoming more and more popular, smokers have more options other than conventional cigarettes. Under these circumstances, a comprehensive evaluation of the general safety of new tobacco and tobacco-related products, represented by e-cigarettes, to human health is necessary.

Response of petroleum-contaminated soil to chemical oxidation combined with biostimulation.

In this study, a microcosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of NaSO preoxidation combined with biostimulation on petroleum-contaminated soil remediation. The response of microbial community during this process was explored using BIOLOG ECO microplate carbon utilization method and 16 s rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that use of 10 mg/g NaSO removed 19.

Peripheral gating of mechanosensation by glial diazepam binding inhibitor.

We report that diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) is a glial messenger mediating crosstalk between satellite glial cells (SGCs) and sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). DBI is highly expressed in SGCs of mice, rats, and humans, but not in sensory neurons or most other DRG-resident cells. Knockdown of DBI results in a robust mechanical hypersensitivity without major effects on other sensory modalities.

Intelligent electrospinning nanofibrous membranes for monitoring and promotion of the wound healing.

The incidence of chronic wound healing is promoted by the growing trend of elderly population, obesity, and type II diabetes. Although numerous wound dressings have been studied over the years, it is still challenging for many wound dressings to perfectly adapt to the healing process due to the dynamic and complicated wound microenvironment. Aiming at an optimal reproduction of the physiological environment, multifunctional electrospinning nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) have emerged as a promising platform for the wound treatment owing to their resemblance to extracellular matrix (ECM), adjustable preparation processes, porousness, and good conformability to the wound site.

Genome-wide identification of gene family and its response to cadmium stress in .

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene family is integral to various aspects of plant development and the orchestration of stress response. This study focuses on the bHLH genes within , a poplar species noted for its significant tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress. Through our comprehensive genomic analysis, we have identified and characterized 170 genes within the genome.

Observation of Dark States in Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectra of Chlorosomes.

Observations of low-lying dark states in several photosynthetic complexes challenge our understanding of the mechanisms behind their efficient energy transfer processes. Computational models are necessary for providing novel insights into the nature and function of dark states, especially since these are not directly accessible in spectroscopy experiments. Here, we will focus on signatures of dark-type states in chlorosomes, a light-harvesting complex from green sulfur bacteria well-known for uniting a broad absorption band with very efficient energy transfer.

TMC7 functions as a suppressor of Piezo2 in primary sensory neurons blunting peripheral mechanotransduction.

The transmembrane channel-like (TMC) protein family comprises eight members, with TMC1 and TMC2 being extensively studied. This study demonstrates substantial co-expression of TMC7 with the mechanosensitive channel Piezo2 in somatosensory neurons. Genetic deletion of TMC7 in primary sensory ganglia neurons in vivo enhances sensitivity in both physiological and pathological mechanosensory transduction.

An integrated approach towards extracting structural characteristics of chlorosomes from a mutant of .

Chlorosomes, the photosynthetic antenna complexes of green sulfur bacteria, are paradigms for light-harvesting elements in artificial designs, owing to their efficient energy transfer without protein participation. We combined magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR, optical spectroscopy and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to characterize the structure of chlorosomes from a mutant of . The chlorosomes of this mutant have a more uniform composition of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) with a predominant homolog, [8Ethyl, 12Ethyl] BChl , compared to the wild type (WT).

Three new species of Nazeris Fauvel from the Jiuwan Mountain, Guangxi, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae).

Three new species of Nazeris Fauvel, 1873 from the Jiuwan Mountain, Guangxi, China, are described and illustrated: N. jiuwanensis, sp. n.