Triphase Enzyme Electrode Based on ZIF-8 with Enhanced Oxidase Catalytic Kinetics and Bioassay Performance.

Oxidase enzyme-based electrochemical bioassays have garnered considerable interest due to their specificity and high efficiency. However, in traditional solid-liquid diphase enzyme electrode systems, the low solubility of oxygen and its slow mass transfer rate limit the oxidase catalytic reaction kinetics, thereby affecting the bioassay performance, including the detection accuracy, sensitivity, and linear dynamic range. ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs) possess hydrophobic and high-porosity characteristics, enabling them to serve as oxygen nanocarriers.

Surface Defect and Wettability Engineering of Porous SnO for Reliable Bioassays with High Selectivity and Wide Linear Dynamic Range.

Bioassay systems that can selectively detect biomarkers at both high and low levels are of great importance for clinical diagnosis. In this work, we report an enzyme electrode with an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)-tolerant HO reduction property and an air-liquid-solid triphase interface microenvironment by regulating the surface defects and wettability of nanoporous tin oxide (SnO). The enzyme electrode allows the oxygen that is required for the oxidase catalytic reaction to be transported from the air phase to the reaction zone, which greatly enhances the enzymatic kinetics and increases the linear detection upper limit.

Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of FeO toward Oxygen-Tolerant Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction for Reliable Bioassays.

The accurate determination of hydrogen peroxide (HO), an important clinical disease relevant biomarker, is of great importance for the diagnosis and management of illnesses. By using the cathodic monitoring approach, HO can be accurately detected because interfering signals from easily oxidizable endogenous and exogenous species in biofluids can be avoided. However, the simultaneous occurrence of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) restricts the practical use of this cathodic method.

Differential Gene Expression and Immune Cell Infiltration in Patients with Steroid-induced Necrosis of the Femoral Head.

Objective: The study aimed to study the differential gene expression and immune cell infiltration in patients with steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH), identify the key genes and immune cells of SANFH, and explore the relationship between immune cells and SANFH.

Methods: The high-throughput gene chip dataset GSE123568 was downloaded from the GEO database, and the differential gene expression was analyzed with the R language. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to analyze the protein interaction network and screen key genes, and enrichment analysis was carried out on key genes.

Hydrophobicity Promoted Efficient Hydroxyl Radical Generation in Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Oxidation.

Hydroxyl radical (OH) with strong oxidation capability is one of the most important reactive oxygen species. The generation of OH from superoxide radicals (O ) is an important process in visible-light-driven photocatalysis, but the conversion generally suffers from slow reaction kinetics. Here, a hydrophobicity promoted efficient OH generation in a visible-light-driven semiconductor-mediated photodegradation reaction is reported.

Potential-Resolved Electrochemiluminescence Multiplex Immunoassay for Florfenicol and Chloramphenicol in a Single Sample.

The simultaneous detection of multiple antibiotic residues in food is of great significance for food safety. In this work, a novel dual-potential electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay was designed for the simultaneous detection of chloramphenicol and fluorfenicol residues in food. Ru@MOF was used as an anodic probe, and SnS QDs-PEI-Au-MoS was used as a cathodic probe.

Engineering a Hollow Carbon Sphere-Based Triphase Microenvironment for Enhanced Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics and Bioassay Performance.

Electrochemical bioassays based on oxidase reactions are frequently used in biological sciences and medical industries. However, the enzymatic reaction kinetics are severely restricted by the poor solubility and slow diffusion rate of oxygen in conventional solid-liquid diphase reaction systems, which inevitably compromises the detection accuracy, linearity, and reliability of the oxidase-based bioassay. Herein, an effective solid-liquid-air triphase bioassay system is provided that uses hydrophobic hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) as oxygen nanocarriers.

Durability of Plant Fiber Composites for Structural Application: A Brief Review.

Environmental sustainability and eco-efficiency stand as imperative benchmarks for the upcoming era of materials. The use of sustainable plant fiber composites (PFCs) in structural components has garnered significant interest within industrial community. The durability of PFCs is an important consideration and needs to be well understood before their widespread application.

Laser-Induced Graphene Arrays-Based Three-Phase Interface Enzyme Electrode for Reliable Bioassays.

Electrochemical oxidase biosensors have been widely applied in healthcare, environmental measurements and the biomedical field. However, the low and fluctuant oxygen levels in solution and the high anodic detection potentially restrict the assay accuracy. To address these problems, in this work, we constructed a three-phase interface enzyme electrode by sequentially immobilizing HO electrocatalysts and an oxidase layer on a superhydrophobic laser-induced graphene (LIG) array substrate.

Predictive value of anti-Mullerian hormone for pregnancy outcomes following assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in Southwest China.

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by granulosa cells in preantral follicles and small antral follicles. There is limited information about whether serum AMH levels are related to pregnancy outcomes during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for improving pregnancy outcomes.

High-Performance Photoelectrochemical Enzymatic Bioanalysis Based on a 3D Porous CuO@TiO Film with a Solid-Liquid-Air Triphase Interface.

The accurate detection of HO is crucial in oxidase-based cathodic photoelectrochemical enzymatic bioanalysis but will be easily compromised in the conventional photoelectrode-electrolyte diphase system due to the fluctuation of oxygen levels and the similar reduction potential between oxygen and HO. Herein, a solid-liquid-air triphase bio-photocathode based on a superhydrophobic three-dimensional (3D) porous micro-nano-hierarchical structured CuO@TiO film that was constructed by controlling the wettability of the electrode surface is reported. The triphase photoelectrochemical system ensures an oxygen-rich interface microenvironment with constant and sufficiently high oxygen concentration.

Three-Phases Interface Induced Local Alkalinity Generation Enables Electrocatalytic Glucose Oxidation in Neutral Electrolyte.

Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation is crucial to the development of non-enzymatic sensors, an attractive alternative for enzymatic biosensors. However, due to OH consumption during the catalytic process, non-enzymatic detection generally requires electrolytes having an alkaline pH value, limiting its practical application since biofluids are neutral. Herein, interfacial microenvironment design, we addressed this limitation by developing a non-enzymatic sensor with an air-solid-liquid triphase interface electrodes that synergistically integrates the functions of local alkalinity generation and electrocatalytic glucose oxidation.

Partial restoration of spinal cord neural continuity via vascular pedicle hemisected spinal cord transplantation using spinal cord fusion technique.

Aims: Our team tested spinal cord fusion (SCF) using the neuroprotective agent polyethylene glycol (PEG) in different animal (mice, rats, and beagles) models with complete spinal cord transection. To further explore the application of SCF for the treatment of paraplegic patients, we developed a new clinical procedure for SCF called vascular pedicle hemisected spinal cord transplantation (vSCT) and tested this procedure in eight paraplegic participants.

Methods: Eight paraplegic participants (American Spinal Injury Association, ASIA: A) were enrolled and treated with vSCT (PEG was applied to the sites of spinal cord transplantation).

Flexible triphase enzyme electrode based on hydrophobic porous PVDF membrane for high-performance bioassays.

Flexible bioassays based on oxidase-catalyzed and electrocatalytic cascade reactions have been widely reported. However, the fluctuant oxygen level and high anodic potential restricts the detection accuracy. To overcome these challenges, we report here a flexible triphase enzyme electrode by assembling an oxidase enzyme layer and Pt electrocatalysts onto a carbon nanotube film/porous polyvinylidene fluoride hydrophobic substrate.

Decoupling hydrogen production from water oxidation by integrating a triphase interfacial bioelectrochemical cascade reaction.

Water electrolysis to produce H is a promising strategy for generating a renewable fuel. However, the sluggish-kinetics and low value-added anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) restricts the overall energy conversion efficiency. Herein we report a strategy of boosting H production at low voltages by replacing OER with a bioelectrochemical cascade reaction at a triphase bioanode.

Antinociceptive Effects of Shenling Baizhu through PI3K-Akt-mTOR Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model of Bone Metastasis with Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Shenling Baizhu additive powder (SLBZ-AP), a formulation of a variety of natural medicinal plants, has clinical efficacy in treating cancers in previous studies. We explored the effect of SLBZ-AP in bone metastasis of lung cancer (BMLC) mice, and the possible mechanism involved was further investigated in the present study. Mice model of BMLC was made and treated with SLBZ-AP.

Enhanced catalytic reaction at an air-liquid-solid triphase interface.

Gaseous reactant involved heterogeneous catalysis is critical to the development of clean energy, environmental management, health monitoring, and chemical synthesis. However, in traditional heterogeneous catalysis with liquid-solid diphase reaction interfaces, the low solubility and slow transport of gaseous reactants strongly restrict the reaction efficiency. In this minireview, we summarize recent advances in tackling these drawbacks by designing catalytic systems with an air-liquid-solid triphase joint interface.

Increasing the Efficiency of Photocatalytic Reactions via Surface Microenvironment Engineering.

The use of photocatalysis for water purification and environmental protection is of key interest. However, the reaction kinetics can be limited by the restricted accessibility of electron acceptor oxygen and the low adsorption of organic compounds-crucial factors underlying photocatalytic performance. Here we simultaneously alleviate these constraints via reaction interface microenvironment design using superhydrophobic (SHB) TiO nanoarrays as a model photocatalyst.

Oxygen-Tolerant Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction Catalysts for Reliable Noninvasive Bioassays.

Noninvasive bioassays based on the principle of a hydrogen peroxide (H O ) cathodic reaction are highly desirable for low concentration analyte detection within biofluids since the reaction is immune to interference from oxidizable species. However, the inability to selectively reduce H O over O for commonly used stable catalysts (carbon or noble metals) is one of the key factors limiting their development and practical applications. Herein, catalysts that enable selective H O reduction in the presence of oxygen with fluctuating concentrations are reported.

Efficient Hydrogen Peroxide Generation Utilizing Photocatalytic Oxygen Reduction at a Triphase Interface.

Photocatalytic oxygen reduction has garnered attention as an emerging alternative to traditional anthraquinone oxidation process to synthesize HO. However, despite great efforts to optimize photocatalyst activity, the formation rate has been largely limited by the deficient accessibility of the photocatalysts to sufficient O in water. Here we boost the reaction by reporting an air-liquid-solid triphase photocatalytic system for efficient HO generation.

Rational Design of Photoelectrodes with Rapid Charge Transport for Photoelectrochemical Applications.

Photoelectrode materials are the heart of photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, which hold great promise to address global energy and environmental issues by converting solar energy into electricity or chemical fuels. In recent decades, significant research efforts have been devoted to the design and construction of photoelectrodes for the efficient generation and utilization of charge carriers to boost PEC performance. Herein, insights from a literature study on the relationship between the architecture and charge dynamics of photoelectrodes are presented.