Identification of TAP2 as a novel immune target in human cancers: insights from integrated bioinformatics and experimental approaches.

Background: Transporter 2, ATP binding cassette (ABC) subfamily B member (TAP2), encodes a protein within the ABC transporter superfamily. TAP2 plays a role in the progression of cancers, such as cervical, breast, and lung cancers. However, the relationship between TAP2 and cancer prognosis, immune cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy remains unexplored.

Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Outcome Prediction in Patients with Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Following Endovascular Treatment.

Background: Endovascular treatment (EVT) has been recommended as a superior modality for the treatment of intracranial aneurysm. However, there still exists a worse percentage of poor functional outcome in patients with poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) undergoing EVT. Therefore, it is urgently needed to investigate the risk factors and develop a critical decision model in the subtype of such patients.

Flavonoids serve as a promising therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke (IS) continues to be a major public health concern and is characterized by significantly high mortality and disabling rates. Inhibiting nerve cells death and enhancing the repair of ischemic tissue are important treatment concepts for IS. Currently, the mainstream treatment strategies mainly focus on short-term care, which underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for long-term care.

Puerarin mitigates cognitive decline and white matter injury via CD36-Mediated microglial phagocytosis in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) contributes significantly to white matter injury (WMI) and cognitive impairment, often leading to vascular dementia (VaD). Inefficient clearance of myelin debris by microglia impedes white matter repair, making microglia-mediated myelin clearance a promising therapeutic strategy for WMI. Puerarin (Pu), an isoflavonoid monomer from Pueraria lobata, is known for its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties.

Intratumor microbiota and colorectal cancer: Comprehensive and lucid review.

As a key component of tumor microenvironment, the microbiota has gradually played a key role in cancer research. Particularly in colorectal cancer, the specific population of microbiota within the tumor shows a strong association with the tumor type. Although the existence and potential role of microbiota in tumors have been recognized, the specific associations between the microbiota and tumor tissue and the mechanism of action still need to be further explored.

Identification of Brain Cell Type-Specific Therapeutic Targets for Glioma From Genetics.

Background: Previous research has demonstrated correlations between the complex types and functions of brain cells and the etiology of glioma. However, the causal relationship between gene expression regulation in specific brain cell types and glioma risk, along with its therapeutic implications, remains underexplored.

Methods: Utilizing brain cell type-specific cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTLs) and glioma genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets in conjunction with Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses, we conducted a systematic investigation to determine whether an association exists between the gene expression of specific brain cell types and the susceptibility to glioma, including its subtypes.

Dynamic Detection of the E3-PROTAC-Target Protein Ternary Complex and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have played an important role in the development of protein-targeted degradation drugs. However, effective tools are urgently required for the further development and validation of PROTACs. We developed a high-potency reporter (AKT-PROTAC-Reporter; APR) for PROTACs that specifically targets AKT.

β-Ketoenamine covalent organic framework nanoplatform combined with immune checkpoint blockade via photodynamic immunotherapy inhibit glioblastoma progression.

The synergistic approach of combining photodynamic immunotherapy with endogenous clearance of PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy holds promise for enhancing survival outcomes in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. The observed upregulation of O-GlcNAc glycolysis in tumors may contribute to the stabilization of endogenous PD-L1 protein, facilitating tumor immune evasion. This study presents a pH-adapted excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-isomerized β-ketoamide-based covalent organic framework (COF) nanoplatform (denoted as OT@COF-RVG).

The peritumoral edema index and related mechanisms influence the prognosis of GBM patients.

Background: Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) represents a characteristic phenotype of intracranial gliomas. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the prognosis and mechanism of PTBE. In this study, clinical imaging data, along with publicly available imaging data, were utilized to assess the prognosis of PTBE in glioblastoma (GBM) patients, and the associated mechanisms were preliminarily analyzed.

The roles of extracellular vesicles in gliomas: Challenge or opportunity?

Gliomas are increasingly becoming a major disease affecting human health, and current treatments are not as effective as expected. Deeper insights into glioma heterogeneity and the search for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies appear to be urgent. Gliomas adapt to their surroundings and form a supportive tumor microenvironment (TME).

RUNX1-PDIA5 Axis Promotes Malignant Progression of Glioblastoma by Regulating CCAR1 Protein Expression.

PDIA5 is responsible for modification of disulfide bonds of proteins. However, its impact on the malignant progression of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains unknown. We analyzed the expression and prognostic significance of PDIA5 in cohorts of GBM and clinical samples.

Endosome-microautophagy targeting chimera (eMIATAC) for targeted proteins degradation and enhance CAR-T cell anti-tumor therapy.

Since oncogene expression products often exhibit upregulation or abnormally activated activity, developing a technique to regulate abnormal protein levels represent a viable approach for treating tumors and protein abnormality-related diseases. We first screened out eMIATAC components with high targeted degradation efficiency and explored the mechanism by which eMIATAC induced target protein degradation, and verified the degradation efficiency of the target protein by protein imprinting and flow cytometry. Next, we recombined eMIATAC with some controllable elements to verify the regulatable degradation performance of the target protein.

Non-apoptotic regulated cell death mediates reprogramming of the tumour immune microenvironment by macrophages.

Tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an indispensable role in tumour progression, and tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in TIME. Non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) can avoid the influence of tumour apoptosis resistance on anti-tumour immune response. Specifically, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis mediate the crosstalk between TAMs and tumour cells in TIME, thus reprogram TIME and affect the progress of tumour.

USP5 promotes tumorigenesis by activating Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling pathway in osteosarcoma.

Changes in protein ubiquitination have been linked to cancer. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) counteract E3 ligase activities and have emerged as promising targets for cancer treatment. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5 (USP5) is a member of the DUBs family and has been implicated in promoting tumorigenesis in numerous cancers.

Carbon quantum dots of ginsenoside Rb1 for application in a mouse model of intracerebral Hemorrhage.

After intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) occurs, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron ion overload are the leading causes of secondary damage. Removing excess iron ions and ROS in the meningeal system can effectively alleviate the secondary damage after ICH. This study synthesized ginsenoside Rb1 carbon quantum dots (RBCQDs) using ginsenoside Rb1 and ethylenediamine via a hydrothermal method.

Comprehensive analyses of m1A regulator-mediated modification patterns determining prognosis in lower-grade glioma (running title: m1A in LGG).

N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modification is a crucial post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism of messenger RNA (mRNA) in living organisms. Few studies have focused on analysis of m1A regulators in lower-grade gliomas (LGG). We employed the Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) technique on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to categorize LGG patients into 2 groups.

Deep learning-assisted detection and segmentation of intracranial hemorrhage in noncontrast computed tomography scans of acute stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Deep learning (DL)-assisted detection and segmentation of intracranial hemorrhage stroke in noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) scans are well-established, but evidence on this topic is lacking.

Materials And Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were searched from their inception to November 2023 to identify related studies. The primary outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, and the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC); while the secondary outcomes were positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), precision, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), processing time, and volume of bleeding.

PSMB2 plays an oncogenic role in glioma and correlates to the immune microenvironment.

There has been an upward trend in the incidence of glioma, with high recurrence and high mortality. The beta subunits of the 20S proteasome are encoded by the proteasome beta (PSMB) genes and may affect the proteasome's function in glioma, assembly and inhibitor binding. This study attempted to reveal the function of the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells, which is affected by proteasome 20S subunit beta 2 (PSMB2).