Patient-reported outcomes of rezvilutamide versus bicalutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy in high-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients (CHART): a randomized, phase 3 study.

The randomized phase 3 CHART trial (NCT03520478) revealed that rezvilutamide (REZ) plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in high-volume, metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) significantly enhanced radiographic progression-free and overall survival than bicalutamide (BIC)-ADT. Accordingly, we examined patient-reported outcomes (PROs) results, which were exploratory endpoints in the CHART trial. The patients were randomly allocated to receive REZ-ADT or BIC-ADT in a 1:1 ratio.

Impact of Extracellular Matrix Injury on the Calcification of Artificial Bovine Pericardial Leaflets: An Experimental Study.

To investigate the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) injury in bioprosthetic valve calcification, we constructed an ECM damage model by applying a 15 N stress to the bovine pericardium sample in both transverse and longitudinal directions after tissue cross-linking, whereas no stress was applied in the control group. Then we implanted two pieces of bovine pericardium on both sides of the dorsal midline in Wistar rats from both groups and measured the calcium content of the implanted bovine pericardium. The results showed that the calcium content of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group ( p < 0.

High Concentration of Iron Ions Contributes to Ferroptosis-Mediated Testis Injury.

In order to explore the effect of excessive iron supplementation on ferroptosis in mouse testes, Kunming mice received injections of varying concentrations of iron. The organ weight, sperm density, and malformation rate were measured. Observations of pathological and ultrastructural alterations in spermatogenic tubules were conducted using haematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).

Camrelizumab plus famitinib in previously chemo-immunotherapy treated patients with advanced NSCLC: results from an open-label multicenter phase 2 basket study.

Background: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents has been effective in treating multiple cancers. This was further explored in an open-label, multicenter phase 2 basket study (NCT04346381), which evaluated the antitumor activity and safety of camrelizumab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) plus famitinib (a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in patients with advanced solid tumors. We herein report the findings from the cohort of advanced NSCLC patients who progressed after treatment with platinum-doublet chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Simulating survival data when one subgroup lacks information.

In this paper, we aim to show the process of simulating survival data when the distribution of the overall population and one subgroup (called "positive subgroup") as well as the proportion of the subgroup is known, while the distribution of the other subgroup (called "negative subgroup") is unknown. We propose a combination method which generates survival data of the positive subgroup and negative subgroup, respectively, and survival data of the overall population are the combination of the two subgroups. The parameters of the overall population and the positive subgroup need to satisfy certain constraints, otherwise the parameters may lead to contradictions.

Cultivable endophytic fungal community associated with the karst endemic plant and their antimicrobial activity.

Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants with specific pharmacological functions attract much attention to provide the possibility of discovering valuable natural drugs with novel structures and biological activities. is a rare and endangered karst endemic plant that is used as medicine and food homology in Guangxi, China. These plants have been reported to have antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Development of a new and facile method for determination of chlorpyrifos residues in green tea by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.

In this work a simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly method has been established for the determination of chlorpyrifos residue in green tea by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-flame photometric detection. Some experimental parameters that influence extraction efficiency, such as the kind and volume of disperser solvents and extraction solvents, extraction time, addition of salt and pH, were investigated. And the optimal experimental conditions were obtained, quantitative analysis was carried out using external standard method.

Rezvilutamide versus bicalutamide in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with high-volume, metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (CHART): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: Rezvilutamide, a novel androgen-receptor inhibitor with low blood-brain barrier penetration, has shown potent antitumour activity against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rezvilutamide versus bicalutamide in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for high-volume, metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Methods: CHART is a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study done at 72 hospitals in China, Poland, Czech Republic, and Bulgaria.

Analysis of the influence of passenger load on bus energy consumption a vehicle-engine combined model-based simulation framework.

Analyzing of the energy consumption (EC) in bus operation is important for reducing operating costs, improving sustainable solutions and creating environmentally friendly cities. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors, such as passenger load, speed and acceleration, that affect significantly EC in bus operation. This paper builds a simulation framework for describing the level of energy based on the vehicle-engine combined (VEC) EC model.

Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib in previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer harboring or genetic aberration.

Background: Camrelizumab plus apatinib shows encouraging antitumor activity and acceptable toxicity in chemotherapy-pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, clinical benefits from this combination regimen in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements (EGFR+/ALK+) have not been reported. We assessed the efficacy and safety of this combined regimen in pretreated patients with advanced NSCLC and defined EGFR/ALK status (EGFR+/ALK+) in a phase 1b/2 trial.

Methods: Previously treated patients with advanced EGFR+/ALK+ NSCLC were enrolled and given camrelizumab 200 mg intravenously every 2 weeks plus apatinib at the recommended dose of 250 mg orally once daily.

Pupal Diapause Termination and Transcriptional Response of (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Triggered by 20-Hydroxyecdysone.

The pupal diapause of univoltine hampers sericultural and biotechnological applications, which requires a high eclosion incidence after artificial diapause termination to ensure production of enough eggs. The effect of pupal diapause termination using 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on the eclosion incidence has not been well-documented in . Here, the dosage of injected 20E was optimized to efficiently terminate pupal diapause of , showing that inappropriate dosage of 20E can cause pupal lethality and a low eclosion incidence.

Genome-Wide Identification of M14 Family Metal Carboxypeptidases in Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

The M14 family metal carboxypeptidase genes play an important role in digestion and pathogenic infections in the gut of insects. However, the roles of these genes in Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville, 1855) remain to be analyzed. In the present study, we cloned a highly expressed M14 metal carboxypeptidase gene (ApMCP1) found in the gut and discovered that it contained a 1,194 bp open reading frame encoding a 397-amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 45 kDa.

Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib as second-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Limited data are available for the combination regimen of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor and anti-angiogenic agents as second-line therapy for the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in patients with squamous NSCLC. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib (a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor) as second-line treatment in patients with advanced squamous NSCLC.

Methods: In the Cohort 3 from a phase II dose-expansion trial, patients with advanced non-central squamous NSCLC who were immunotherapy naïve and had failed prior first-line platinum-based chemotherapy received 200 mg of camrelizumab intravenously every 2 weeks plus oral apatinib at the recommended dose of 250 mg once daily.

Fuzuloparib Maintenance Therapy in Patients With Platinum-Sensitive, Recurrent Ovarian Carcinoma (FZOCUS-2): A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Trial.

Purpose: This phase III trial aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of fuzuloparib (formerly fluzoparib) versus placebo as a maintenance treatment after response to second- or later-line platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with high-grade, platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian cancer previously treated with at least two platinum-based regimens were assigned (2:1) to receive fuzuloparib (150 mg, twice daily) or matching placebo for 28-day cycles. The primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by blinded independent review committee (BIRC) in the overall population and PFS by BIRC in the subpopulation with germline mutation.

Activity and safety of SHR3680, a novel antiandrogen, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase I/II trial.

Background: Antagonizing the androgen-receptor (AR) pathway is an effective treatment strategy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we report the results of a first-in-human phase 1/2 study which assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and activity of SHR3680 (a novel AR antagonist) in patients with metastatic CRPC.

Methods: This phase 1/2 study enrolled patients with progressive metastatic CRPC who had not been previously treated with novel AR-targeted agents.

A Gut-Specific LITAF-Like Gene in Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Involved in the Immune Response to Three Pathogens.

Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville 1855) is an important resource for silk, food, and biohealth products; however, exogenous pathogens largely affect the commercial application potential of this species. Since the gut is a key organ for the digestion and absorption of nutrients as well as for immune defense, we used comparative transcriptome analysis to screen for a gut-specific molecular tool for further functional research in A. pernyi.

Downregulation of DEC1 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion, and induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells via regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

DEC1 has been reported to regulate the expression of multiple target genes, participate in cell differentiation, apoptosis, aging and the development and progression of numerous tumors, but the detailed effects and possible mechanisms of DEC1 in ovarian cancer (OC) remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and mechanism of function of DEC1 in OC. The present results demonstrated that DEC1 was highly expressed in OC tissues and cell lines using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry, and high expression of DEC1 was negatively associated with the prognosis of patients with OC.

An Open-label, Multicenter, Single-arm, Phase II Study of Fluzoparib in Patients with Germline Mutation and Platinum-sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

Purpose: Fluzoparib (PARP inhibitor) showed promising antitumor activity for advanced ovarian cancer in a phase I study. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of fluzoparib in patients with germline -mutated recurrent ovarian cancer.

Patients And Methods: This open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase II study enrolled patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer and germline mutation who had previously received two to four lines of platinum-based chemotherapy.

Efficacy and Biomarker Analysis of Camrelizumab in Combination with Apatinib in Patients with Advanced Nonsquamous NSCLC Previously Treated with Chemotherapy.

Purpose: Our preclinical work suggests that appropriate angiogenesis inhibition could potentiate PD-1/PD-L1 blockade via alleviating hypoxia, increasing infiltration of CD8 T cells and reducing recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages. We hereby conducted a clinical trial to evaluate this combination in pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: The study included phase Ib apatinib dose-escalation and phase II expansion cohorts.

Edge-guided second-order total generalized variation for Gaussian noise removal from depth map.

Total generalized variation models have recently demonstrated high-quality denoising capacity for single image. In this paper, we present an accurate denoising method for depth map. Our method uses a weighted second-order total generalized variational model for Gaussian noise removal.

Metformin Ameliorates Synaptic Defects in a Mouse Model of AD by Inhibiting Cdk5 Activity.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by the neuron-specific activators p35/p39 and plays important roles in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive behavior. However, the proteolytic cleavage of p35 to p25 leads to prolonged and aberrant Cdk5 activation and results in synaptic depression, highly mimicking the early pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, Cdk5 inhibition is a potential promising strategy for AD drug development.