DJ-1: Potential target for treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a significant global health concern, resulting in high rates of mortality and disability among patients. Although coronary blood flow reperfusion is a key treatment for IHD, it often leads to acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Current intervention strategies have limitations in providing adequate protection for the ischemic myocardium.

Squaramide-catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of nitromethane to 2-enoylazaarenes: synthesis of chiral azaarene-containing γ-nitroketones.

Bifunctional chiral squaramide-catalyzed highly enantioselective Michael addition of nitromethane to diverse 2-enoylazaarenes was successfully performed. This protocol provided a set of chiral azaarene-containing γ-nitroketones with up to 98% yield and 98% ee in a solvent-free catalytic system under mild conditions. Furthermore, gram-scale synthetic utility was also showcased.

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors: The current landscape and repurposing for the COVID-19 pandemic.

The widespread nature of several viruses is greatly credited to their rapidly altering RNA genomes that enable the infection to persist despite challenges presented by host cells. Within the RNA genome of infections is RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is an essential enzyme that helps in RNA synthesis by catalysing the RNA template-dependent development of phosphodiester bonds. Therefore, RdRp is an important therapeutic target in RNA virus-caused diseases, including SARS-CoV-2.

The in Situ NHC-Palladium Catalyzed Selective Activation of B(3)-H or B(6)-H Bonds of -Carboranes for Hydroboration of Alkynes: An Efficient Approach to Alkenyl--carboranes.

An in situ Pd-NHC catalyzed selective B(3,6)-H activation for hydroboration of internal alkynes has been accomplished under mild conditions. This work offers a facile approach for the synthesis of alkenyl--carboranes and has important reference for selective functionalization of B(3,6)-H bonds.

Palladium Catalyzed Selective B(3)-H Activation/Oxidative Dehydrogenative Coupling for the Synthesis of Bis(-carborane)s.

A palladium catalyzed selective B(3)-H activation/oxidative dehydrogenative coupling for the synthesis of bis(-carborane)s connected with B(3)-B(3') and B(3)-B(6') bonds has been developed for the first time. A plausible mechanism involving stepwise activation of B(3)-H and B(3'/6')-H bonds by Pd and Pd was proposed. This work is the first example and the most efficient protocol for synthesis of bis(-carborane)s connected with B(3)-B(3') and B(3)-B(6') bonds, which has important reference for design, synthesis, and application of bis(-carborane)s in related fields.

Synthesis of Polyhedral Borane Cluster Fused Heterocycles via Transition Metal Catalyzed B-H Activation.

Aromatic heterocycles are ubiquitous building blocks in bioactive natural products, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Accordingly, the carborane-fused heterocycles would be potential candidates in drug discovery, nanomaterials, metallacarboranes, as well as photoluminescent materials. In recent years, the transition metal catalyzed B-H activation has been proved to be an effective protocol for selective functionalization of B-H bond of -carboranes, which has been further extended for the synthesis of polyhedral borane cluster-fused heterocycles via cascade B-H functionalization/annulation process.

Blocking Posttranslational Core Fucosylation Ameliorates Rat Peritoneal Mesothelial Cell Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Background:: Core fucosylation (CF), catalyzed by α-1,6 fucosyltransferase (Fut8) in mammals, plays an important role in pathological processes through posttranslational modification of key signaling receptor proteins, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptors and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors. However, its effect on peritoneal fibrosis is unknown. Here, we investigated its influence on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) in vitro induced by a high-glucose (HG) culture solution.

Distribution Characteristics, Concentrations, and Sources of Cd and Pb in Laoxiawan Channel Sediments from Zhuzhou, China.

Twenty sediment cores encompassing surface (0-20 cm) and deeper (50-60 cm) sediment layers were retrieved from the 3000 m-long Laoxiawan Channel, which receives industrial effluents from Zhuzhou City (China). Analytical results showed that cadmium (Cd) concentrations ranged between 115.7-1126.

A novel mixed integer programming for multi-biomarker panel identification by distinguishing malignant from benign colorectal tumors.

Multi-biomarker panels can capture the nonlinear synergy among biomarkers and they are important to aid in the early diagnosis and ultimately battle complex diseases. However, identification of these multi-biomarker panels from case and control data is challenging. For example, the exhaustive search method is computationally infeasible when the data dimension is high.

Serum peptidome variations in a healthy population: reference to identify cancer-specific peptides.

The emergence of mass spectrometry (MS)-based signatures as biomarkers has generated considerable enthusiasm among oncologists. However, variations in normal individuals also exist, and a better understanding of serum peptide patterns of healthy individuals will be important for further exploring disease-specific serum peptide patterns. Following development of a serum peptide pattern platform, we analyzed 500 serum samples obtained from healthy individuals.

[Changes of lymphocyte subsets before and after chemotherapy in colorectal carcinoma patients].

Objective: To investigate the change of lymphocyte subsets before and after chemotherapy in colorectal carcinoma patients.

Methods: Twenty-one peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets from 62 colorectal carcinoma patients before and after FOLFOX4(including oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin) , FOLFRI(including irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin) , or XELOX(including oxaliplatin and capecitabine) regimen chemotherapy were examined by flow cytometry.The differences of these lymphocyte subsets were analyzed.

[Differential analysis of lymphocyte subsets between colorectal carcinoma patients and healthy individuals].

Aim: To investigate the differences of twenty lymphocyte subsets between colorectal carcinoma patients and healthy individuals.

Methods: Twenty peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets from 168 colorectal carcinoma patients and 102 healthy individuals were examined by flow cytometry (FCM). The differences of these lymphocyte subsets between healthy individuals and colorectal carcinoma patients at different clinical stages were analyzed statistically with SPSS 17.

Genes expression profiling of peripheral blood cells of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Peripheral blood may be useful in cancer classification, and therefore we investigated the gene expression found by Affymetrix HG-U133 Plus2.0 microarray, with samples from nine HCC patients and five healthy NC (normal controls).

[Feasibility of peptide mass fingerprinting for differential diagnosis of IgA and non-IgA nephropathy].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of peptide mass fingerprinting for non-invasive differential diagnosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) from the non-IgA nephropathy (IgAN).?

Methods: According to the results of renal biopsy, 56 patients were divided into IgAN group (n=28) and non-IgAN group (n=28), and peptide mass fingerprints were acquired from these patients using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Results: Nine different peptides were identified between IgAN and non-IgAN.

[Effects of Sisheng Decoction on spontaneous activity and serum concentration of malondialdehyde in mice with yin deficiency syndrome].

Objective: To assess the therapeutic effects of Sisheng Decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on a mouse model of yin deficiency syndrome induced by thyroid hormone, and to make the preliminary study on its mechanisms.

Methods: Simultaneous modeling and treatment were carried out. Sixty mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal group, yin deficiency model group, low-, medium- and high-dose Sisheng Decoction group and Shengmai oral liquid group.

Hepatitis G virus genomic RNA is pathogenic to Macaca mulatta.

Aim: To explore the pathogenicity and infectivity of hepatitis G virus (HGV) by observing replication and expression of the virus, as well as the serological and histological changes of Macaca mulatta infected with HGV genomic RNA or HGV RNA-positive serum.

Methods: Full-length HGV cDNA clone (HGVqz) was constructed and proved to be infectious, from which HGV genomic RNA was transcribed in vitro. Macaca mulatta BY1 was intra-hepatically inoculated with HGV genomic RNA, HGV RNA-positive serum from BY1 was intravenously inoculated into Macaca mulatta BM1, and then BB1 was infected with serum from BM1.

[Identification of HCV antigen epitopes from a random 15-peptide library by anti-HCV polycloral antibody].

Aim: To analyze epitope recognized by anti-HCV antibodies; patients suffered from hepatitis C.

Methods: Anti-HCV Abs were purified from the patients serum through an affinity chromatography column which was prepared with sepharose 4B coupled with protein A. These Abs were used for biopanning of a phage-displayed random 15-peptide library.

[Recent Advance in Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in B-Cell Lymphoma].

Substantial advances in antigen-targeted lymphoma therapy have been achieved in recent years. Monoclonal antibodies targeting B-cell differential antigen CD20 have emerged as promising new treatments. CD20 is a 35 kD non-glycosylated transmembrane phosphoprotein.