Parathyroid carcinoma: Report of 10 patients and literature review.

Objective: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare disease with high rates of misdiagnosis and recurrence. This report summarized the clinical and pathological characteristics of 10 patients with PC at our hospital, to improve the early recognition and prognosis of PC.

Methods: The clinical manifestations, imaging findings, pathological features, treatments, and prognostic data of 10 patients diagnosed with PC at the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2003 to 2021 were analyzed.

The bidirectional association of C-peptide with cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults and patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Recent literature reported the biological role of C-peptide, but this role is still controversial and unclear. The primary aim of this study was to investigate associations between C-peptide and cardiovascular biomarkers as well as events.

Methods: A total of 55636 participants who had a health examination from 2017 to 2021 were included.

Astragalus Polysaccharides Reduce High-glucose-induced Rat Aortic Endothelial Cell Senescence and Inflammasome Activation by Modulating the Mitochondrial Na/Ca Exchanger.

Vascular endothelial cells play a vital role in atherosclerotic changes and the progression of cardiovascular disease in older adults. Previous studies have indicated that Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), a main active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus, protect mitochondria and exert an antiaging effect in the mouse liver and brain. However, the effect of APS on rat aortic endothelial cell (RAEC) senescence and its underlying mechanism have not been investigated.

Effects of a prolonged diet regimen on autophagic function in rat islets with aging.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age-associated increased susceptibility of islet β-cells and altered dietary patterns, in part because of insufficient compensation of β-cell functional mass in the face of increasing insulin resistance. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a long-term calorie-restricted (CR) or high-fat (HF) diet compared to a normal ad libitum diet on β-cell structure-function relationships and autophagy in the islets of 3- and 24-month-old Fischer 344 rats.

Paget's disease of bone: Report of 11 cases.

Background: Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a rare metabolic bone disease in China and is characterized by increased bone resorption and disorganized bone formation. The main clinical symptoms of PDB are focal or multiple bone pain and deformity with high disability. The disease has high missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rates.

Glycemic control and comprehensive metabolic risk factors control in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Older adults with type 2 diabetes are prone to multiple metabolic abnormalities. However, data from these patients on comprehensive metabolic risk factors control are limited.

Methods: The present study included 2736 older adults aged 60 to 90 years with type 2 diabetes from 114 hospitals across 22 provinces in China.

[Effects of urban nighttime light on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora].

To understand the effects of urban artificial nighttime light on the growth of evergreen trees, we conducted a field investigation in a typical urban street planted with Cinnamomum camphora (a common evergreen street tree species in eastern China) in the Nanjing City, China. Along the street, trees from two types of growing locations with contrasting distances from the street lamp (just under the lamp vs. between two adjacent lamps) were selected.

Isolation and culture of rat aortic endothelial cells in vitro: A novel approach without collagenase digestion.

To study cardiovascular diseases, the isolation and culture of functional endothelial cells are very important. This study uncovered a novel approach to isolate and culture endothelial cells. The thoracic aorta was collected from Wistar rats with the attached tissue clearly removed.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics profile of hippocampus and cerebellum in mice after chronic arsenic exposure.

Intake of arsenic (As) via drinking water has been a serious threat to global public health. Though there are numerous reports of As neurotoxicity, its pathogenesis mechanisms remain vague especially its chronic effects on metabolic network. Hippocampus is a renowned area in relation to learning and memory, whilst recently, cerebellum is argued to be involved with process of cognition.

The mechanism of iron-compensation for manganese deficiency of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Unlabelled: Given their involvement in catalysis, infection, and biofilm formation, Fe and Mn are essential for bacterial survival and virulence. In this study, we found that Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) could grow in the Mn-deficient medium (MDCM).

Evolution and molecular mechanism of PitAs in iron transport of Streptococcus species.

Iron is an essential element for almost all bacteria. The iron ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters located on the cell membrane affects bacterial virulence and infection. Although a variety of Fe-transporters have been found in bacteria, their evolutionary processes are rarely studied.

Effects of body mass index and weight change on mortality in older men with impaired glucose regulation.

Objectives: To assess the effect of baseline body mass index (BMI) status and weight change on mortality in older men with impaired glucose regulation (IGR).

Methods: Eight hundred eighty-five men with IGR aged 60 to 90 were included. Baseline and endpoint weight were measured.

The cutoffs and performance of glycated hemoglobin for diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes in a young and middle-aged population and in an elderly population.

The aims were to compare the appropriate cutoffs of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a population of varying ages and to evaluate the performance of HbA1c for diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes. A total of 1064 participants in the young and middle-aged group and 1671 in the elderly group were included and underwent HbA1c testing and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the optimal HbA1c cutoffs.

Insulin resistance correlates with the arterial stiffness before glucose intolerance.

Objective: The elevated plasma glucose level and/or insulin resistance in diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance play important roles in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness. The present study investigated whether insulin resistance correlated with arterial stiffness before the development of glucose intolerance.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 872 young to middle-age individuals with normal glucose tolerance (aged 36.

The human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide regulates pancreatic beta-cell proliferation and apoptosis via an AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes, has been proven to protect pancreatic beta cells through many pathways. Recent evidence demonstrates that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as a metabolic regulator, coordinates beta-cell protein synthesis through regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to explore whether liraglutide, a human GLP-1 analogue, protects beta cells via AMPK/mTOR signaling.

[The effects and mechanisms of BTBD10 on the proliferation of islet beta cell].

Objective: To explore the role of BTBD10 overexpression in the proliferation of insulinoma cell line INS-1 and its mechanism.

Methods: The recombined expression plasmid of pcDNA4.0-BTBD10 was constructed by gene cloning technique and was transfected into INS-1 cell by lipofectamine 2000.

[Mechanism of apoptosis induced by trichostatin A in leukemia Molt-4 cells analyzed by microarray].

Background & Objective: Histone deacetylase is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and is closely correlated with oncogenic factors. A histone-deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), has been shown to induce apoptosis in many cancer cells at submicromolar concentrations. However, the mechanism remains unknown.