Synergistic effect of dual phase cocatalysts: MoC-MoC quantum dots anchored on g-CN for high-stability photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

The extensive examination of hexagonal molybdenum carbide (β-MoC) as a non-noble cocatalyst in the realm of photocatalytic H evolution is predominantly motivated by its exceptional capacity to adsorb H ions akin to Pt and its advantageous conductivity characteristics. However, the H evolution rate of photocatalysts modified with β-MoC is limited as a result of their comparatively low ability to release H through desorption. Therefore, a facile method was employed to synthesize carbon intercalated dual phase molybdenum carbide (MC@C) quantum dots (ca.

Retrospective insights into recent MXene-based catalysts for CO electro/photoreduction: how far have we gone?

The electro/photocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) is a long-term avenue toward synthesizing renewable fuels and value-added chemicals, as well as addressing the global energy crisis and environmental challenges. As a result, current research studies have focused on investigating new materials and implementing numerous fabrication approaches to increase the catalytic performances of electro/photocatalysts toward the CORR. MXenes, also known as 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, are intriguing materials with outstanding traits.

Characterising and predicting persistent high-cost utilisers in healthcare: a retrospective cohort study in Singapore.

Objective: We aim to characterise persistent high utilisers (PHUs) of healthcare services, and correspondingly, transient high utilisers (THUs) and non-high utilisers (non-HUs) for comparison, to facilitate stratifying HUs for targeted intervention. Subsequently we apply machine learning algorithms to predict which HUs will persist as PHUs, to inform future trials testing the effectiveness of interventions in reducing healthcare utilisation in PHUs.

Design And Setting: This is a retrospective cohort study using administrative data from an Academic Medical Centre (AMC) in Singapore.

Characterization of high healthcare utilizer groups using administrative data from an electronic medical record database.

Background: High utilizers (HUs) are a small group of patients who impose a disproportionately high burden on the healthcare system due to their elevated resource use. Identification of persistent HUs is pertinent as interventions have not been effective due to regression to the mean in majority of patients. This study will use cost and utilization metrics to segment a hospital-based patient population into HU groups.

Drivers of hospital expenditure and length of stay in an academic medical centre: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: As healthcare expenditure and utilization continue to rise, understanding key drivers of hospital expenditure and utilization is crucial in policy development and service planning. This study aims to investigate micro drivers of hospital expenditure and length of stay (LOS) in an Academic Medical Centre.

Methods: Data corresponding to 285,767 patients and 207,426 inpatient visits was extracted from electronic medical records of the National University of Hospital in Singapore between 2005 to 2013.

Retrospective evaluation of healthcare utilisation and mortality of two post-discharge care programmes in Singapore.

Objective: To evaluate the impact on healthcare utilisation frequencies and charges, and mortality of a programme for frequent hospital utilisers and a programme for patients requiring high acuity post-discharge care as part of an integrated healthcare model.

Design: A retrospective quasi-experimental study without randomisation where patients who received post-discharge care interventions were matched 1:1 with unenrolled patients as controls.

Setting: The National University Health System (NUHS) Regional Health System (RHS), which was one of six RHS in Singapore, implemented the NUHS RHS Integrated Interventions and Care Extension (NICE) programme for frequent hospital utilisers and the NUHS Transitional Care Programme (NUHS TCP) for high acuity post-discharge care.

Processing of Electronic Medical Records for Health Services Research in an Academic Medical Center: Methods and Validation.

Background: Electronic medical records (EMRs) contain a wealth of information that can support data-driven decision making in health care policy design and service planning. Although research using EMRs has become increasingly prevalent, challenges such as coding inconsistency, data validity, and lack of suitable measures in important domains still hinder the progress.

Objective: The objective of this study was to design a structured way to process records in administrative EMR systems for health services research and assess validity in selected areas.

Evaluation of a HIV voluntary opt-out screening program in a Singapore hospital.

Background: Early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) allows for appropriately timed interventions with improved outcomes, but HIV screening among asymptomatic persons and the general population in Singapore remains low. In 2008, Singapore's Ministry of Health implemented HIV voluntary opt-out screening (VOS) for hospitalised adults. We evaluated the outcome of VOS and surveyed reasons for its low uptake in our institution.

Respiratory viral pathogens among Singapore military servicemen 2009-2012: epidemiology and clinical characteristics.

Background: Few studies have comprehensively described tropical respiratory disease surveillance in military populations. There is also a lack of studies comparing clinical characteristics of the non-influenza pathogens with influenza and amongst themselves.

Methods: From May 2009 through October 2012, 7733 consenting cases of febrile respiratory illness (FRI) (temperature [greater than or equal to]37.