[Analysis of Microbial Interaction Law of Mud Membrane in IFAS Process for Treating Low Carbon Source Sewage in South China].

To assess the problem of sewage treatment under the condition of low carbon sources, we carried out a study of activated sludge and a biofilm symbiosis system (IFAS). The occurrence characteristics and interaction law of microorganisms in two phases of sludge membrane under low carbon source conditions were discussed, and their niche and influence on treatment efficiency were clarified. Through a pilot-scale experiment in actual water plants, the biofilm characteristics, sludge membrane activity, and succession law of flora were analyzed, and the microbial structure and interaction in sludge membrane in two phases under the control of different activated sludge ages were compared.

Annual Herbaceous Plants Exhibit Altered Morphological Traits in Response to Altered Precipitation and Drought Patterns in Semiarid Sandy Grassland, Northern China.

The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events and severe drought are predicted to increase in semiarid areas due to global climate change. Plant morphological traits can reflect plant responses to a changing environment, such as altered precipitation or drought patterns. In this study, we examined the response of morphological traits of root, stem, leaf and reproduction meristems of annual herbaceous species to altered precipitation and drought patterns in a semiarid sandy grassland.

Real world effectiveness of PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins versus statins-based therapy among patients with very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in China (RWE-PCSK study).

Background: The efficacy and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9) inhibitors were confirmed by several clinical trials, but its effectiveness in routine clinical practice in China has not been evaluated. This study aims to describe the real world effectiveness of PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins compared with statins-based therapy among patients with very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Methods: This is a multi-center observational study, enrolled patients from 32 hospitals who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from January to June in 2019.

Construction of TiO-Eggshell for Efficient Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride: Sunlight Induced In-Situ Formation of Carbonate Radical.

Photocatalytic degradation of an antibiotic by utilizing inexhaustible solar energy represents an ideal solution for tackling global environment issues. The target generation of active oxidative species is highly desirable for the photocatalytic pollutants degradation. Herein, aiming at the molecular structure of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), we construct sunlight-activated high-efficient catalysts of TiO-eggshell (TE).

Responses of annual herb plant community characteristics to increased precipitation and reduced wind velocity in semiarid sandy grassland.

Changes in precipitation regimes and wind velocity tend to alter structure and composition of the annual herb plant community, with consequent effects on ecological functioning and biodiversity maintenance. We examined the effects of increased precipitation and reduced wind velocity on annual herb plant community characteristics via a manipulative experiment from the middle of April to middle of August, 2016. There was significant increment in species richness with increased precipitation from June to August, and there were interactive effects between increased precipitation and reduced wind velocity especially in June and the end of July.

Neuroprotective effects of cordycepin inhibit Aβ-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), β-amyloid (Aβ) protein toxicity increases the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular calcium levels, resulting in neuronal dysfunction, neurodegenerative disorders, and cell death. Cordycepin is a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine; also, it is speculated to exert neuroprotective effects against Aβ-induced oxidative toxicity in hippocampal neurons. In the present study, the fluorescence detection method and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were used to study the neuroprotective effects against Aβ-induced toxicity in the primary hippocampal cultured neurons.

Increased pollinator service and reduced pollen limitation in the fixed dune populations of a desert shrub.

Evaluations of restoration success usually focus on the structural aspects of ecosystems. Pollination, as an important functional aspect, is often overlooked. Here, the shifts in pollinator assemblage and pollen limitation in the desert shrub Caragana microphylla were examined along a restoration gradient in Horqin Sand Land, northern China.

Anti-effects of cordycepin to hypoxia-induced membrane depolarization on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron.

Cordycepin has important neuroprotective effects in hypoxic or ischemic insult. However, the direct electrophysiological evidence of cordycepin's neuroprotection from hypoxic or ischemic insult remains unknown. Hence, in this study, the electrophysiological mechanism by which cordycepin protects against ischemic and hypoxic damages has been studied using an energy-deprivation injury model through whole-cell patch clamp techniques.

Cordycepin Decreases Compound Action Potential Conduction of Frog Sciatic Nerve In Vitro Involving Ca (2+) -Dependent Mechanisms.

Cordycepin has been widely used in oriental countries to maintain health and improve physical performance. Compound nerve action potential (CNAP), which is critical in signal conduction in the peripheral nervous system, is necessary to regulate physical performance, including motor system physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, regulatory effects of cordycepin on CNAP conduction should be elucidated.

Functions of nuclear receptor HR3 during larval-pupal molting in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) revealed by in vivo RNA interference.

Our previous results revealed that RNA interference-aided knockdown of Leptinotarsa decemlineata FTZ-F1 (LdFTZ-F1) reduced 20E titer, and impaired pupation. In this study, we characterized a putative LdHR3 gene, an early-late 20E-response gene upstream of LdFTZ-F1. Within the first, second and third larval instars, three expression peaks of LdHR3 occurred just before the molt.

Involvement of a putative allatostatin in regulation of juvenile hormone titer and the larval development in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).

Juvenile hormone III (JH III) plays primary roles in regulation of metamorphosis, reproduction and diapause in Leptinotarsa decemlineata, a notorious defoliator of potato. The neurosecretory cell-borne substance(s) negatively affects the final two steps in JH biosynthesis, catalyzed respectively by an epoxidase CYP15A1 and a juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (JHAMT). In a few insect species other than L.

Involvement of FTZ-F1 in the regulation of pupation in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).

During the final instar larvae of holometabolous insects, a pulse of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and a drop in juvenile hormone (JH) trigger larval-pupal metamorphosis. In this study, two LdFTZ-F1 cDNAs (LdFTZ-F1-1 and LdFTZ-F1-2) were cloned in Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Both LdFTZ-F1-1 and LdFTZ-F1-2 were highly expressed just before or right after each molt, similar to the expression pattern of an ecdysteroidogenesis gene LdSHD.

Response of the vacuolar ATPase subunit E to RNA interference and four chemical pesticides in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).

Vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPases (vATPases) are localized in the apical membranes of nearly all epithelial tissues of insects, energize the membranes to absorb and/or secrete ions and fluids, and play essential roles in many physiological functions. Here we cloned and characterized a 1041-bp full-length vATPase subunit E cDNA (named as LdATPaseE) that encoded a 226-amino acid protein in Leptinotarsa decemlineata. LdATPaseE mRNA levels were constantly increased from egg to the third- and fourth-instar stages, dropped in wandering and pupal stages and were elevated again in the adult stage.

3-(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)-1,3-diphenyl-propan-1-one.

In the title compound, C(28)H(22)O, the fluorene ring system is approximately planar [maximum deviation = 0.044 (2) Å] and forms dihedral angles of 69.88 (6) and 89.

3-(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)-3-(4-methyl-phen-yl)-1-phenyl-propan-1-one.

In the title compound, C(29)H(24)O, the phenyl and methyl-phenyl rings are approximately perpendicular to each other, making a dihedral angle of 87.67 (10)°, and are oriented at dihedral angles of 62.49 (9) and 84.

Up-regulation of NDRG2 through nuclear factor-kappa B is required for Leydig cell apoptosis in both human and murine infertile testes.

Many pro-apoptotic factors, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and Fas, play crucial roles in the process of Leydig cell apoptosis, ultimately leading to male sterility, such as in Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCO) and hypospermatogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism of such apoptosis is unclear. Recent reports on N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (ndrg2) have suggested that it is involved in cellular differentiation, development, and apoptosis.

Up-regulation of NDRG2 in senescent lens epithelial cells contributes to age-related cataract in human.

Background: Human N-Myc downstream regulated gene2 (NDRG2), a novel gene has been cloned and shown to be related to a number of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, stress, and apoptosis. NDRG2 has also been linked to age-related Alzheimer's disease. Since the role of this gene in senescence is limited, we have investigated the potential role of NDRG2 in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs), a paradigm implicated in age-related cataract.

Transient protection from heat-stress induced apoptotic stimulation by metastasis-associated protein 1 in pachytene spermatocytes.

Background: Deregulated thermal factors have been frequently implicated in the pathogenesis of male infertility, but the molecular basis through which certain responses are directed remain largely unknown. We previously reported that overexpression of exogenous Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) protects spermatogenic tumor cells GC-2spd (ts) against heat-induced apoptosis. To further dissect the underlying mechanism, we addressed here the fine coordination between MTA1 and p53 in pachytene spermatocytes upon hyperthermal stimulation.

Localization and androgen regulation of metastasis-associated protein 1 in mouse epididymis.

Background: Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), the founding member of the MTA family of genes, can modulate transcription by influencing the status of chromatin remodeling. Despite its strong correlation with the metastatic potential of cancer cells, MTA1 can also regulate crucial cellular pathways by modifying the acetylation status. We have previously reported the presence of MTA1/MTA1 in human and mouse testes, providing the evidence for its involvement in the regulation of testicular function during murine spermatogenesis.

[Soil condensation water in different habitats in Horqin sandy land: an experimental study].

Weighing method was adopted to study the formation time and the amount of soil condensation water in four habitats (mobile sandy land, fixed sandy land, farmland, and Mongolian pine forest land) in Horqin Sandy Land in August 2007. The soil condensation water began to form at 20:00-22:00, increased gradually at 22:00-4:00, and began to evaporate after 4:00. In the four habitats, soil condensation water was mainly formed in 0-9 cm layer, and the amount was the greatest in 0-3 cm layer, accounting for 40% of the total.

Differential expression of N-Myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) in the rat testis during postnatal development.

N-Myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is expressed in the testis of adult animals and is involved in cell differentiation and development. However, little is known about the expression pattern of NDRG2 in the testis during postnatal development. Here, we show that NDRG2 is consistently expressed in Leydig cells in the rat testis during postnatal development.

Immunohistochemical detection of Ndrg2 in the mouse nervous system.

NDRG2, a member of the N-myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family, is involved in cell differentiation and development. However, the distribution and function of Ndrg2 in the central nervous system remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the expression and distribution of Ndrg2 in the mouse brain and explored the potential physiological functions of Ndrg2.

[Analysis of pde6b mRNA sequences of Kunming mice and C57BL/6J mice].

Aim: To clone and sequence the phosphodiesterase 6 beta subunit (pde6b) gene of Kunming mice, and to compare it with counterpart sequences in the GenBank database.

Methods: The primers were designed covering the CDS region of the pde6b gene, and the corresponding fragments were amplified using RT-PCR. The fragments were cloned into plasmids, amplified in E.