Shifts in reproductive strategies in the evolutionary trajectory of plant lineages.

Understanding the maintenance and shift in reproductive strategies is a fundamental question in evolutionary research. Although many efforts have been made to compare different reproductive strategies, the association between reproductive strategies and lineage divergence is largely unknown. To explore the impact of different reproductive strategies on lineage divergence, we investigated the evolution of clonality in Saxifraga sect.

Taxonomic resurrection of Saxifraga lancangensis (Saxifragaceae).

Background: Accurate species delimitation is fundamental for testing evolutionary theory and provides essential implications for conservation management. The arctic-alpine genus Saxifraga L. (Saxifragaceae) is taxonomically complex and many species have not been critically assessed.

(Papaveraceae): A new species from Xizang, China, based on plastome and morphological data.

A new species of Papaveraceae, , in the section , is described and illustrated from Nyingchi City, Xizang, China. The new species has some resemblance to , but differs by radical leaves prominent, usually several, blade tripinnate (vs. insignificant, few, blade bi- to triternate); cauline leaf usually one, much smaller than radical leaves, usually situated in lower half of stem (vs.

Relationship between maternal ABO blood groups and pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective cohort study in Dongguan, China.

The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between maternal ABO blood groups and pregnancy outcomes. A total of 29,658 couples in Dongguan were selected as the research subjects. We obtained data on ABO blood groups and pregnancy outcomes and explored the relationship between them through log binomial regression and survival analysis.

History of induced abortion and the risk of preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between a history of induced abortion and follow-up preterm birth.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 27,176 women aged 19 to 48 years old in the city of Dongguan. Participants were divided into two groups according to the history of induced abortion.

An updated classification for the hyper-diverse genus Corydalis (Papaveraceae: Fumarioideae) based on phylogenomic and morphological evidence.

The genus Corydalis, with ca. 530 species, has long been considered taxonomically challenging because of its great variability. Previous molecular analyses, based on a few molecular markers and incomplete taxonomic sampling, were clearly inadequate to delimit sections and subgenera.

A re-examination of the circumscription of (Saxifragaceae).

In the account of Engl. & Irmsch., eight synonyms were attributed to it and one variant, recognized as Gornall & Ohba, was split from it.

Taxonomic identity of (Papaveraceae).

and are recognised as separate species in "Flora of China" and the latest plant list. However, based on the examination of type specimens and field investigations, is shown to be conspecific with . As a result, is synonymised with in this study.

Five new species of from moist soils in China.

isolates were collected from moist soils near a water source in different areas of China. ITS sequences were submitted to MIST (Multiloci Identification System for ) and meets the [ITS] standard. Combined analyses of phylogenetic analyses of both phylograms (-α and ) and morphological characteristics, revealed five new species of , namely , , , and .

(Saxifragaceae), an unusual new species from Guangxi, China.

, a remarkable new species of the genus Saxifragasect.Irregulares (Saxifragaceae) from Guangxi, is described and illustrated herein. This new species morphologically differs from all known S.

History of IUD utilization and the risk of preterm birth: a cohort study.

Objective: To explore whether a history of IUD use could increase the risk of subsequent preterm birth.

Methods: We performed a cohort study of 24,496 multipara aged 19-48 years in Dongguan City. Each subject was followed up for 1 year, and 12,508 women obtained pregnancy outcomes.

(Brassicaceae), a new species from China, with a re-evaluation of the complex.

, from Qinghai and Tibet (China), is described and illustrated. Morphological and molecular data indicate that is closely related to , from which it is easily distinguished by the densely hirsute (vs. glabrous or sparsely pubescent), elliptic to ovate-lanceolate (vs.

Development and characterization of a panel of cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies generated using H1N1 influenza virus.

To characterize the antigenic epitopes of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of H1N1 influenza virus, a panel consisting of 84 clones of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated using the HA proteins from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 vaccine lysate and the seasonal influenza H1N1(A1) vaccines. Thirty-three (39%) of the 84 mAbs were found to be strain-specific, and 6 (7%) of the 84 mAbs were subtype-specific. Twenty (24%) of the 84 mAbs recognized the common HA epitopes shared by 2009 pandemic H1N1, seasonal A1 (H1N1), and A3 (H3N2) influenza viruses.

[Energy balance and evapotranspiration in broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains].

Based on the continuous measurements of an open-path eddy covariance system, this paper analyzed the characteristics of energy balance components and evapotranspiration in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains in 2008, as well as the differences of energy balance components and evapotranspiration between growth season and dormant season. For the test forest, the year-round energy balance closure was 72%, being at a medium level, compared to the other studies in the Fluxnet community. The energy balance components had significant differences in their diurnal and seasonal variations.

Cajanol inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by acting on membrane and DNA damage.

In the present study, the mechanism of antibacterial activity of cajanol extracted from the roots of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. towards Escherichia coli (E.

[Accuracy of perioperative cardiac preload monitoring by global end-diastolic volume and intrathoracic blood volume in orthotopic liver transplantation].

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV) in perioperative monitoring of the cardiac preload in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT).

Methods: Eight ASA III or IV patients aged 42-50 years undergoing OLT without venovenous bypass under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Before the induction, a thermodilution femoral artery catheter was inserted into the femoral artery under local anesthesia and connected to a PiCCOplus system to monitor ITBV and GEDV.

[Effect of different doses of recombinant adenovirus mediated hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha on angiogenesis in ischemic lower hind limb of rabbits].

Objective: To investigate the effect of recombinant adenovirus-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (Ad-HIF-1alpha) at different doses on angiogenesis in a rabbit model of hind limb ischemia.

Methods: Left hind limb ischemia was induced in 45 Zealand white rabbits by ligation of the left femoral artery. The rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=9) to receive intramuscular injections of 0.

[Effect of propofol at different effect-site concentrations on approximate entropy of transient evoked otoacoustic emission signals in adults].

Objective: To study the effect of propofol at different effect-site concentrations on approximate entropy (ApEn) of transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) signals in adults and investigate the possibility of using ApEn for monitoring anesthesia depth.

Methods: Fifteen ASA class I or II patients (aged 18-49 years with normal hearing) undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Anesthesia was maintained with target-controlled infusion of propofol.

Altered inotropic reactivity in diabetic rabbit right ventricular myocardium.

Alloxan monohydrate was used to induce diabetes in rabbits, which were maintained for a 3-month period with or without daily insulin replacement along with age-matched controls. Isolated right ventricular myocardial strips were used to generate dose-response curves to isoproterenol, forskolin, and Bay K 8644. Basal developed force was significantly elevated in diabetic ventricular strips.

High-level Expression and Characterization of the Fusion Protein Consisting of Diphtheria Toxin and Human Interleukin 6.

Diphtheria toxin is a single chain exotoxin of 535 amino acids, secreted from beta Corynebacteriophage diphtheriae. Eukaryotic cells, especially tumor cells are very sensitive to DT. Just one or two molecules of DT can kill a cell.