Comparison of 1L Adjuvant Auxiliary Preparations with 2L Solely Polyethylene Glycol plus Ascorbic Acid Regime for Bowel Cleaning: A Meta-analysis of Randomized, Controlled Trials.

The effectiveness of additional usage of adjuvants for bowel preparation is still unclear. This study compared 1L polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid with adjuvant drug regimens (1L PEG-AA, lower volume) with 2L polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid (2L PEG-A, low volume) to evaluate whether the adjuvants can be used to reduce the standard dosage of purgative further. The PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Asparagine endopeptidase cleaves synaptojanin 1 and triggers synaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, which is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Synaptic dysfunction impairs dopamine turnover and contributes to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal vulnerability in PD are not clear.

Transcriptional mediators of treatment resistance in lethal prostate cancer.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is typically lethal, exhibiting intrinsic or acquired resistance to second-generation androgen-targeting therapies and minimal response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cellular programs driving resistance in both cancer and immune cells remain poorly understood. We present single-cell transcriptomes from 14 patients with advanced prostate cancer, spanning all common metastatic sites.

[Inpatient Care Expenditure of Terminally Ill Patients in the Geriatric Ward of Peking Union Medical College Hospital].

Objective To describe the inpatient care expenditure of the terminally ill patients in the geriatric ward of Peking Union Medical College Hospital and facilitate future research on the economic outcomes of hospice and palliative care.Methods The histories of patients admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 2018 were reviewed by trained doctors.According to the diagnosis and overall health state,terminally ill patients were selected and enrolled in the study.

Monocyte phenotype as a predictive marker for wound healing in diabetes-related foot ulcers.

Aims: Delayed healing of diabetes-related foot ulcers (DRFUs) is associated with increased macrophage and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) at the wound site. Whether circulating monocyte phenotype and/or MMPs are altered in association with wound healing outcome is unknown, and was investigated in this study.

Methods: Blood was obtained from 21 participants with DRFU, at initial visit (V1), week-4 (V2), and week-8 (V3) for measurement of monocyte number (CD14), phenotype (CD16, CD163) and chemokine receptors (CCRs) by flow cytometry, and circulating MMPs and TIMP-1 by ELISA.

The role of the gut microbiota on the metabolic status of obese children.

Background: The term "metabolically healthy obese (MHO)" denotes a hale and salutary status, yet this connotation has not been validated in children, and may, in fact, be a misnomer. As pertains to obesity, the gut microbiota has garnered attention as conceivably a nosogenic or, on the other hand, protective participator.

Objective: This study explored the characteristics of the fecal microbiota of obese Chinese children and adolescents of disparate metabolic statuses, and the associations between their gut microbiota and circulating proinflammatory factors, such as IL-6, TNF-α, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and a cytokine up-regulator and mediator, leptin.

Susceptibility-Associated Genetic Variation in Contributes to Prostate Cancer Initiation and Progression.

Although American men of European ancestry represent the largest population of patients with prostate cancer, men of African ancestry are disproportionately affected by prostate cancer, with higher prevalence and worse outcomes. These racial disparities in prostate cancer are due to multiple factors, but variations in genomic susceptibility such as SNP may play an important role in determining cancer aggressiveness and treatment outcome. Using public databases, we have identified a prostate cancer susceptibility SNP at an intronic enhancer of the neural precursor expressed, developmentally downregulated 9 () gene, which is strongly associated with increased risk of patients with African ancestry.

Aqueous synthesis of composition-tuned defects in CuInSe nanocrystals for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H evolution.

The composition and defect tolerance of CuInSe (CISe) quantum dots (QDs) provide a scaffold to design defects tailoring the elemental ratio or distributions for boosting photocatalytic H evolution (PHE). Herein, a ligand-assisted two-step aqueous method was developed to prepare defect CISe quantum dots for the first time. UV-vis, XPS, HRTEM, and HADDF investigations confirmed the typical double-absorption edges of copper vacancy defects and indium substituted at copper site defects in the structure constructed through initial synthesis tuned by Cu/In ratio and the ensued coarsening.

A Hybrid Structural Sparsification Error Model for Image Restoration.

Recent works on structural sparse representation (SSR), which exploit image nonlocal self-similarity (NSS) prior by grouping similar patches for processing, have demonstrated promising performance in various image restoration applications. However, conventional SSR-based image restoration methods directly fit the dictionaries or transforms to the internal (corrupted) image data. The trained internal models inevitably suffer from overfitting to data corruption, thus generating the degraded restoration results.

Visible-Light Photocatalytic Tri- and Difluoroalkylation Cyclizations: Access to a Series of Indole[2,1-]isoquinoline Derivatives in Continuous Flow.

A process for achieving photocatalyzed tri- and difluoromethylation/cyclizations for constructing a series of tri- or difluoromethylated indole[2,1-]isoquinoline derivatives is described. This protocol utilized an inexpensive organic photoredox catalyst and provided good yields. Moreover, the combination of continuous flow and photochemistry, designed to provide researchers with a unique green process, was also shown to be key to allowing the reaction to proceed (product yield of 83% in flow vs 0% in batch).

Vitexin prevents colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice through regulating macrophage polarization.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at increased risks of developing ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Vitexin can suppress the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro orin vivo. However, different from colorectal carcinoma, CAC is more consistent with the transformation from inflammation to cancer in clinical chronic IBD patients.

Effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on lung damage in severe COVID-19 patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.

Treatment of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging. We performed a phase 2 trial to assess the efficacy and safety of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) to treat severe COVID-19 patients with lung damage, based on our phase 1 data. In this randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial, we recruited 101 severe COVID-19 patients with lung damage.

Impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on outcomes of coronary bypass surgery.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is characterized by an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone and normal free thyroxine. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of SCH on the recovery of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: From January 2015 to December 2018, 548 SCH patients and 6718 euthyroid patients who underwent CABG were identified.

Machine learning prediction models for prognosis of critically ill patients after open-heart surgery.

We aimed to build up multiple machine learning models to predict 30-days mortality, and 3 complications including septic shock, thrombocytopenia, and liver dysfunction after open-heart surgery. Patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, aortic valve replacement, or other heart-related surgeries between 2001 and 2012 were extracted from MIMIC-III databases. Extreme gradient boosting, random forest, artificial neural network, and logistic regression were employed to build models by utilizing fivefold cross-validation and grid search.

Hsa_circ_0001696 modulates cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that are extensively expressed in a variety of species. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs have vital functions indifferent types of human cancer, such as gastric cancer, papillary thyroid cancer and lung cancer. However, the roles of circRNAs in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear.

Fumonisin B1 induces nephrotoxicity via autophagy mediated by mTORC1 instead of mTORC2 in human renal tubule epithelial cells.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a worldwide contaminating mycotoxin, can cause global food issue. It has been reported that FB1 is related to chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology. However, the study of FB1-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro is very limited and the mechanism is unknown.

Colorectal stent placement assisted by a slim gastroscope: technique and outcomes.

Background: The distorted anatomy in patients with obstruction renders colon stent placement difficult. Here, we propose two novel techniques for stent implantation.

Methods: Patients in whom there was difficulty placing the guidewire with the normal method were retrospectively included in our study.

Thiamethoxam induces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via methionine metabolism disturb via nicotinamide N-methyltransferase overexpression.

Thiamethoxam (TMX) is one of the major compounds of neonicotinoids, the most widely used class of insecticides worldwide. Previously, TMX was considered a non-toxic neonicotinoid insecticide to mammals. However, the genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity of TMX in mammals were recently reported.

Adsorption Separation of l-Tryptophan Based on the Hyper-Cross-Linked Resin XDA-200.

l-Tryptophan (l-Trp) was separated from its aqueous solution by hyper-cross-linked resins. The adsorption and desorption performances of l-Trp on different resins were compared. The weakly polar resin XDA-200 was selected as an excellent adsorbent with high adsorption amount and easy elution.

The effects of age on brain cortical activation and functional connectivity during video game-based finger-to-thumb opposition movement: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the age-related changes in cerebral cortex activation and functional connectivity (FC) during finger-to-thumb opposition movement based on video games (FTOMBVG).

Methods: A electronic fingercot was developed for FTOMBVG. The oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (Delta [HbO]) signals, measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), were recorded from prefrontal cortex (PFC), motor cortex (MC) and occipital lobe (OL) of two groups of subjects (old and young).

Effects of left atrial appendage surgical treatment on the incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular accidents in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery.

Background: We sought to assess different surgical methods for left atrial appendage treatment to determine whether any could reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation-related long-term ischemic cerebrovascular accidents.

Methods: A total of 1243 patients were treated with left atrial appendage removal, and 107 patients (8.6%) were lost to follow-up and excluded.

Human disturbance on phosphorus sources, processes and riverine export in a subtropical watershed.

Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient in freshwater systems, often acting as the limiting nutrient. The dominant sources of P in the Jiulong River watershed (S.E.

Expression and clinical significance of miR-3615 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the association between microRNA-3615 (miR-3615) expression and the prognosis and clinicopathological features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: We obtained clinicopathological and genomic data and prognostic information on HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We then analyzed differences in miR-3615 expression levels between HCC and adjacent tissues using SPSS software, and examined the relationships between miR-3615 expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics.

Individual Social Capital and Life Satisfaction among Mainland Chinese Adults: Based on the 2016 China Family Panel Studies.

Background: At present, most Chinese adults are under great psychological pressure, which seriously affects the improvement of life satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to shed light on the associations between individual social capital and life satisfaction among mainland Chinese adults.

Methods: We used a nationally representative dataset called 2016 China Family Panel Studies, and a total of 26,009 people suited our study requirements.

Extracardiac Tricuspid Annuloplasty: A Novel Technique for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation.

We report 3 cases of functional tricuspid regurgitation and demonstrate a novel tricuspid repair technique through the right atrioventricular groove without cardiopulmonary bypass or open heart surgery, which provides a new idea for the treatment of functional tricuspid regurgitation.