Attitudes and Practices Surrounding Opioid Prescriptions following Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Distal Radius and Ankle Fractures: A Survey of the Canadian Orthopaedic Association Membership.

Background: The past two decades have seen a significant increase in consequences associated with nonmedical misuse of prescription opioids, such as addiction and unintentional overdose deaths. This study aimed to use an electronic survey to assess attitudes and opioid-prescribing practices of Canadian orthopaedic surgeons and trainees following open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radius and ankle fractures. This study was the first to assess these factors following ORIF of distal radius and ankle fractures using a survey design.

Intraoperative measurement of acetabular component position using imageless navigation during revision total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Acetabular component malposition is a major cause of dislocation following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Intellijoint HIP is an imageless navigation tool that has been shown to provide accurate intraoperative measurement of cup position during primary THA without substantially increasing operative time. However, its accuracy in revision THA has not been evaluated.

Excellent Functional Outcomes and Low Complication Rates Following Knotless Arthroscopic Bankart Repair: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Biomechanical Studies.

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive review of the current clinical and biomechanical evidence for the use of knotless suture anchors during arthroscopic Bankart repair.

Methods: A comprehensive search of 5 electronic databases from inception to July 2020 was performed for clinical and biomechanical studies in English evaluating outcomes following arthroscopic Bankart repair using knotless suture anchors. Two independent reviewers assessed articles for inclusion.

Midterm Outcomes After Reconstruction of Superolateral Acetabular Defects Using Flying Buttress Porous Tantalum Augments During Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Porous tantalum augments are versatile tools in reconstructing complex acetabular defects during revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study examines the clinical and radiographic outcomes of porous tantalum augments placed in the type I (flying buttress) configuration at two to 17-year follow-up in the largest cohort to-date in the literature.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 59 consecutive revision THAs involving the use of flying buttress augments between 2003 and 2018.

Traumatic Brain Injury, Abuse, and Poor Sustained Attention in Youth and Young Adults Who Previously Experienced Foster Care.

Youth and young adults who previously experienced foster care are prone to negative life events, such as physical injuries, and adverse childhood experiences (ACE), such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to identify the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), ACE, and poor sustained attention and the associations of these events in this group of vulnerable persons. Participants completed standardized questionnaires on the prevalence of self-reported TBI (TBI) and ACE and performed the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) test to measure sustained attention.

Surgeon clinical practice variation and patient preferences during the informed consent discussion: a mixed-methods analysis in lumbar spine surgery.

Background: Patients with lumbar disc herniation may greatly benefit from microdiscectomy. Although spine surgeons performing microdiscectomy routinely obtain informed consent, the potential adverse events they disclose often vary. Moreover, little is known about what disclosures are deemed most valuable by patients.

Does Trochanteric Osteotomy Length Affect the Amount of Proximal Trochanteric Migration During Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty?

Background: Nonunion and proximal trochanteric migration is a known complication of trochanteric osteotomy. This study examines the effect of osteotomy length on proximal greater trochanter (GT) migration.

Methods: We analyzed 113 modified trochanteric slide osteotomies and 73 extended trochanteric osteotomies performed between 2008 and 2016.

Long-term outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in patients younger than 55 years: a systematic review of the contemporary literature.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is increasingly performed in younger patients despite the lack of comprehensive assessment of long-term outcomes. We systematically reviewed the contemporary literature to assess the 1) indications, 2) implant selection and long-term survivorship, 3) complication and reoperation rates and 4) radiographic and functional outcomes of primary THA in patients younger than 55 years.

Methods: We searched the Embase and MEDLINE databases for English-language articles published between 2000 and 2018 that reported outcomes of primary THA in patients younger than 55 years with a minimum follow-up duration of 10 years.

Current Uses of the Transtrochanteric Approach to the Hip: A Systematic Review.

Background: The indications and technique for the transtrochanteric approach to the hip have evolved greatly since its initial popularization in the 1960s. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess current uses of this approach on the basis of indications, osteotomy technique, trochanteric fixation method, complications, and functional outcome.

Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE and Embase databases from January 2000 to July 2017 was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.

Fresh Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation for Treatment of Large Cartilage Defects of the Femoral Head: A Minimum Two-Year Follow-Up Study of Twenty-Two Patients.

Background: Controversy remains over the surgical management of large osteochondral lesions of the femoral head in young, active patients. The purpose of this study is to assess midterm clinical and radiographic outcomes after fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation (OAT) for large femoral head lesions at minimum 2-year follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed for 22 patients under the age of 50 years with defined femoral head osteochondral lesions who underwent fresh OAT between 2008 and 2015.

[Effects of As stress on contents of saponin and flavonoid, key enzymes activities of Panax notoginseng and its proteomic analysis].

Field plot experiments were conducted to study the effect of two-year consecutive As stress [As(V): 0, 20, 80, 140, 200 and 260 mg·kg] on contents of As, saponin and flanovoids, the enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and squalene synthase (SS) in main root, fibrous root and rhizome and shoot, and proteome of three-year old Panax notoginseng in Wenshan prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The results showed that total saponin content of fibrous root decreased with increase in As treatment concentration. Total saponin contents of shoot and rhizome increased with 140 mg·kg As treatment compared with control.