(Non)targeted Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment of Organic Contaminants in Darkibor Kale Grown at Rural and Urban Farms.

This study investigated the presence and human hazards associated with pesticides and other anthropogenic chemicals identified in kale grown in urban and rural environments. Pesticides and related compounds (i.e.

Study on pyroptosis-related genes Casp8, Gsdmd and Trem2 in mice with cerebral infarction.

Objective: Cerebral infarction is the main cause of death in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Our research aimed to screen and validate pyroptosis-related genes in cerebral infarction for the targeted therapy of cerebral infarction.

Methods And Results: A total of 1,517 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by DESeq2 software analysis.

A 10-m annual grazing intensity dataset in 2015-2021 for the largest temperate meadow steppe in China.

Mapping grazing intensity (GI) using satellites is crucial for developing adaptive utilization strategies according to grassland conditions. Here we developed a monitoring framework based on a paired sampling strategy and the classification probability of random forest algorithm to produce annual grazing probability (GP) and GI maps at 10-m spatial resolution from 2015 to 2021 for the largest temperate meadow in China (Hulun Buir grasslands), by harmonized Landsat 7/8 and Sentinel-2 images. The GP maps used values of 0-1 to present detailed grazing gradient information.

Microbial-Driven Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone: Biotransformation Process and Feasibility Investigation.

A novel yeast-mediated hydrogenation was developed for the synthesis of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) in high yields (over 83%). Moreover, whole-cell catalytic hydrolysis was also designed to hydrolyze NHDC into potential sweeteners, hesperetin dihydrochalcone-7--glucoside (HDC-G) and hesperetin dihydrochalcone (HDC). The biohydrogenation was further combined with whole-cell hydrolysis to achieve a one-pot two-step biosynthesis, utilizing yeast to hydrogenate C═C in the structure, while cells hydrolyze glycosides.

Core-shell silica@pyridyl conjugated microporous polymer as a stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography.

Background: Because of the advantages of good selectivity, high sensitivity, and fast analysis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has become one of the modern analytical techniques in wide application range, such as biological analysis, environmental detection, pharmaceutical and food inspection, agriculture and other fields. The stationary phase greatly decides the chromatographic separation performance, so the development of novel stationary phase is most important for HPLC.

Results: Pyridyl conjugated microporous polymers (P-CMP) with one to four layers were modified on the surface of amino silica to obtain a novel core-shell material (SiO2@P-CMP) by the layer-by-layer assembly strategy and Chichibabin reaction.

OAM mode-division multiplexing IM/DD transmission at 4.32 Tbit/s with a low-complexity adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system nonlinear equalizer.

Stochastic nonlinear impairment is the primary factor that limits the transmission performance of high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical fiber communication systems. This Letter presents a low-complexity adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (LANFIS) nonlinear equalizer for OAM-MDM intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM/DD) transmission with three OAM modes and 15 wavelength division multiplex (WDM) channels. The LANFIS equalizer could adjust the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of the distorted pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) symbols to fit the statistical characteristics of the WDM-OAM-MDM transmission channel.

Meta-analysis: Efficacy and safety of fibroblast growth factor 21 analogues for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related fibrosis.

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) analogues have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the effects and safety of these analogues on NASH and NASH-related fibrosis remain unexplored.

Aims: To estimate the efficacy and safety of FGF21 analogues for treating NASH and NASH-related fibrosis.

Stress hyperglycemia increases short-term mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients after mechanical thrombectomy.

Background And Purpose: Glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio (GAR) is considered a more reliable marker of stress hyperglycemia by correcting for basal blood glucose levels. This study aimed to investigate the extent to which GAR is associated with 3 month and 1 year all-cause mortalities in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

Methods: We retrospectively followed 553 AIS patients who underwent MT.

Application of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for premature ovarian insufficiency: Recent advances from mechanisms to therapeutics.

The incidence of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is increasing worldwide, particularly among younger women, posing a significant challenge to fertility. In addition to menopausal symptoms, POI leads to several complications that profoundly affect female reproductive function and overall health. Unfortunately, current clinical treatment strategies for this condition are limited and often yield unsatisfactory outcomes.

Mechanisms of Bushen Tiaoxue Granules against controlled ovarian hyperstimulation-induced abnormal morphology of endometrium based on network pharmacology.

Bushen Tiaoxue Granules (BTG) is an empirical Chinese herbal formula that has been used for the treatment of subfertility. The protective effect of BTG on controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH)-induced impaired endometrial receptivity has been reported in our previous study. This study aims to explore the mechanisms of BTG on ameliorating abnormal morphology of endometrium based on network pharmacology.

S100A8/A9 promotes endometrial fibrosis via regulating RAGE/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is characterized by endometrial fibrosis. S100A8/A9 plays an important role in inflammation and fibroblast activation. However, the role of S100A8/A9 in IUA remains unclear.

Transcription factor WRKY75 maintains auxin homeostasis to promote tomato defense against Pseudomonas syringae.

The hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae infects a range of plant species and causes enormous economic losses. Auxin and WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in plant responses to P. syringae, but their functional relationship in plant immunity remains unclear.

Tungsten and Boron Codoping toward High Ionic Conductivity and Stable Sodium Solid Electrolyte for All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries.

Sodium solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and good interfacial stability with sodium metal are crucial to realize high-performance all-solid-state sodium batteries. In this work, W and B-codoped NaSbWSB solid electrolytes are prepared by melt-quenching with further annealing. The synthesized NaSbWSB solid electrolyte possesses a high ionic conductivity of 11.

A Novel Score Based on Controlled Attenuation Parameter Accurately Predicts Hepatic Steatosis in Individuals With Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Derivation and Independent Validation Study.

Introduction: In metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, the diagnostic efficacy of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was not very accurate in evaluating liver fat content. The aim of this study was to develop a score, based on CAP and conventional clinical parameters, to improve the diagnostic performance of CAP regarding liver fat content.

Methods: A total of 373 participants from 2 independent Chinese cohorts were included and divided into derivation (n = 191), internal validation (n = 75), and external validation (n = 107) cohorts.

Heterojunction-Induced Rapid Transformation of Ni/Ni Sites which Mediates Urea Oxidation for Energy-Efficient Hydrogen Production.

Water electrolysis is an environmentally-friendly strategy for hydrogen production but suffers from significant energy consumption. Substituting urea oxidation reaction (UOR) with lower theoretical voltage for water oxidation reaction adopting nickel-based electrocatalysts engenders reduced energy consumption for hydrogen production. The main obstacle remains strong interaction between accumulated Ni and *COO in the conventional Ni-catalyzing pathway.

Organocatalytic diastereo- and atroposelective construction of N-N axially chiral pyrroles and indoles.

The construction of N-N axially chiral motifs is an important research topic, owing to their wide occurrence in natural products, pharmaceuticals and chiral ligands. One efficient method is the atroposelective dihydropyrimidin-4-one formation. We present herein a direct catalytic synthesis of N-N atropisomers with simultaneous creation of contiguous axial and central chirality by oxidative NHC (N-heterocyclic carbenes) catalyzed (3 + 3) cycloaddition.

Identification of microplastics in raw and treated municipal solid waste landfill leachates in Hong Kong, China.

Plastics are indispensable in modern society but also pose a persistent threat to the environment. In particular, microplastics (MPs) have a substantial environmental impact on ecosystems. Municipal solid waste landfill leachates are a source of MPs, but leakage of MPs from leachates has only been reported in a few studies.

Polygalasaponin F ameliorates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal ischemia / reperfusion injury in rats through inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Polygalasaponin F (PGSF), an oleanane triterpenoid saponin extracted from Polygala japonica, has been demonstrated with neuroprotective effect. However, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of PGSF on focal ischemia remain unknown; METHODS: In this study, male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats aged 6-8 weeks were initially selected to establish a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PGSF intervention and to investigate the impact of PGSF on the thioredoxin-interacting protein/NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (TXNIP/NLRP3) inflammatory pathway. Secondly, brain neuron cells were isolated, and the cells received oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) culture to establish the cell injury model in vitro.

Effects of substitution and conjugation on photophysical properties of ESIPT-based fluorophores with the core of 4-aminophthalimide.

4-Aminophthalimide is a highly fluorescent signaling unit with excellent photophysical properties and wide application foregrounds. Based on this, a range of theoretical investigations are conducted on the fluorescent probe (E)-5-((2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino) isoindoline-1, 3-dione (HID) with the core of 4-aminophthalimide using density functional theory (DFT) and time-containing density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods in this paper. The optimized configurations, vertical excitation and emission energies, electronic characteristics and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) behaviors of the probe HID are discussed in detail.

Large electronegativity differences between adjacent atomic sites activate and stabilize ZnInS for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting.

Photocatalytic overall water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen is desirable for long-term renewable, sustainable and clean fuel production on earth. Metal sulfides are considered as ideal hydrogen-evolved photocatalysts, but their component homogeneity and typical sulfur instability cause an inert oxygen production, which remains a huge obstacle to overall water-splitting. Here, a distortion-evoked cation-site oxygen doping of ZnInS (D-O-ZIS) creates significant electronegativity differences between adjacent atomic sites, with S sites being electron-rich and S sites being electron-deficient in the local structure of S-S-O sites.

Secure key real-time update and dynamic DNA encryption for CO-OFDM-PON based on a hybrid 5-D chaos.

A double key (DK) real-time update and hybrid five-dimensional (5-D) hyperchaotic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) dynamic encryption scheme is proposed, which can ensure the security in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical network (OFDM-PON). Chaotic sequences for DNA dynamic encryption are produced using a four-dimensional (4-D) hyperchaotic Lü system and a one-dimensional (1-D) logistic map. In this scheme, the DK consists of an external key set, which is stored locally, and an internal key, which is associated with the plaintext and external key.