Kcnma1 is involved in mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetes-related skeletal muscle atrophy.

Uncontrolled diabetes causes a catabolic state with multi-organic complications, of which impairment on skeletal muscle contributes to the damaged mobility. Kcnma1 gene encodes the pore-forming α-subunit of Ca - and voltage-gated K channels of large conductance (BK channels), and loss-of-function mutations in Kcnma1 are in regards to impaired myogenesis. Herein, we observed a time-course reduction of Kcnma1 expression in the tibialis anterior muscles of leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) diabetic mice.

Risks of specific congenital anomalies in offspring of women with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies including over 80 million births.

Background: Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) has been known to be a risk factor for congenital heart defects (CHDs) for decades. However, the associations between maternal PGDM and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the risk of specific types of CHDs and congenital anomalies (CAs) in other systems remain under debate. We aimed to investigate type-specific CAs in offspring of women with diabetes and to examine the extent to which types of maternal diabetes are associated with increased risk of CAs in offspring.

Circular RNAs in Lung Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.

Globally, lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and carries with it the greatest mortality rate, with 5-year survival rates varying from 4-17% depending on stage and geographical differences. For decades, researchers have studied disease mechanisms, occurrence rates and disease development, however, the mechanisms underlying disease progression are not yet fully elucidated, thus an increased understanding of disease pathogenesis is key to developing new strategies towards specific disease diagnoses and targeted treatments. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA widely expressed in eukaryotic cells, and participate in various biological processes implicated in human disease.

Non-Coding RNAs and Extracellular Vehicles: Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. GDM has a considerable impact on health outcomes of the mother and offspring during pregnancy, delivery, and beyond. Although the exact mechanism regarding GDM remains unclear, numerous studies have suggested that non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding (lnc)RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, were involved in the pathogenesis of GDM in which they played vital regulatory roles.

Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism by Long Non-coding RNAs: Facts and Research Progress.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA with a length that exceeds 200 nucleotides. Previous studies have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Research in both animal models and humans has begun to unravel the profound complexity of lncRNAs and demonstrated that lncRNAs exert direct effects on glucose and lipid metabolism both and .

Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression of duck 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like gene.

2'-5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein (OASL) is an interferon-inducible antiviral protein that exerts antiviral effects through the RNase L- or retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-dependent signalling pathway. In this study, we identified and cloned the OASL gene (named duOASL) from healthy adult Cherry Valley ducks. Full-length duOASL cDNA (1630bp) encoded a 504-amino acid polypeptide containing three conserved domains, namely, nucleotidyltransferase domain, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase domain, and two ubiquitin-like repeats.

Functional study of the upregulation of miRNA-27a and miRNA-27b in 3T3-L1 cells in response to berberine.

Berberine is the major active component of Rhizoma Coptidis derived from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and is known to regulate micro (mi)RNA levels, although the mechanism for this action remains unknown. The present study confirmed that treatment of 3T3‑L1 cells with berberine inhibited cell viability and differentiation in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, and significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of miRNA‑27a and miRNA‑27b. In addition, in 3T3‑L1 cells treated with berberine, overexpression of miRNA‑27a and miRNA‑27b improved the berberine-mediated inhibition of cell differentiation and reduction of triglyceride contents.

Protective effects of Radix Astragali injection on multiple organs of rats with obstructive jaundice.

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of Radix Astragali Injection on multiple organs of rats with obstructive jaundice (OJ).

Methods: A total of 180 rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated, model control and treated groups (60 in each group). On 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after operation, the serum contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), r-glutamyl transpeptidase (r-GT), total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA) were determined.

Using the premarital examination for population-based surveillance for HIV in China: a pilot study.

All couples attending the premarital examination at four selected sites in Zhejiang and Yunnan provinces in China were included in this study. Blood from 9952 individuals was tested for HIV-1 using a gelatin particle agglutination technique. There were no HIV-positive individuals in Zhejiang.