Increased Incidence of Severe Adverse Events in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Previous Tuberculosis Episode Treated with PD-1 Inhibitors.

Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer deaths globally. Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer treatment, but their use in lung cancer has led to more side effects. This study examined if past pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) affects ICIs' effectiveness and safety in lung cancer treatment.

Inhibition of TRPA1 Attenuates Oxidative Stress-induced Damage After Traumatic Brain Injury via the ERK/AKT Signaling Pathway.

Neuron apoptosis is a feature of secondary injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Evidence implies that excess calcium (Ca) ions and reactive oxidative species (ROS) play critical roles in apoptosis. In reaction to increased ROS, the anti-oxidative master transcription factor, Transient receptor potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) allows Ca ions to enter cells.

Identification of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related lncRNA prognostic signature for patients with glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a strikingly heterogeneous and lethal brain tumor with very poor prognosis. LncRNAs play critical roles in the tumorigenesis of GBM through regulation of various cancer-related genes and signaling pathways. Here, we focused on the essential role of EMT and identified 78 upregulated EMT-related genes in GBM through differential expression analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA).

S100A8 Promotes Inflammation Toll-Like Receptor 4 After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury.

Introduction: S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) is also known as macrophage-related protein 8, which is involved in various pathological processes in the central nervous system post-traumatic brain injury (TBI), and plays a critical role in inducing inflammatory cytokines. Accumulating evidences have indicated that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is considered to be involved in inflammatory responses post TBI. The present study was designed to analyze the hypothesis that S100A8 is the key molecule that induces inflammation TLR4 in TBI.

Targeting P38 Pathway Regulates Bony Formation MSC Recruitment during Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis in Rats.

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used self-tissue engineering. However, complications and discomfort due to the long treatment period are still the bottleneck of DO. Novel strategies to accelerate bone formation in DO are still needed.

CKIP-1 silencing promotes new bone formation in rat mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Objective: This study investigated the effects and possible molecular mechanism of casein kinase-2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) silencing on bone regeneration during rat mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO).

Study Design: CKIP-1 silencing by chitosan/si-CKIP-1 was employed and analyzed both in rat mandibular DO models in vivo and in cultured rat mandible bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro.

Results: Gross observation, micro-computed tomography analysis, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed that new bone formation in the distraction gap of the chitosan/si-CKIP-treated group was better compared with the chitosan/si-NC and phosphate buffered saline-treated groups in both quantity and quality.

Role of α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in nicotine-induced invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Nicotine via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) stimulates non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell invasion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) which underpin the cancer metastasis. However, the receptor subtype-dependent effects of nAChRs on NSCLC cell invasion and EMT, and the signaling pathway underlying the effects remain not fully defined. We identified that nicotine induced NSCLC cell invasion, migration, and EMT; the effects were suppressed by pharmacological intervention using α7-nAChR selective antagonists or by genetic intervention using α7-nAChR knockdown via RNA inference.

[Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel DoSWEET1 gene from Dendrobium officinale].

SWEET (sugars will be eventually exported transporters) constitute a large and conserved gene family of sugar transporters in eukaryotes, which are important in the cellular metabolisms, growth and development, and plant-microbe interaction in plants. In the present study, a full length cDNA of SWEET encoding gene, designed as DoSWEET1 (GenBank accession No. KT957550), was identified in Dendrobium officinale using RT-PCR and RACE approaches.

[Correlation analysis between effectiveness of element in rhizonsphere soil and quality of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza)].

In order to investigate the content and distribution of available element in the rhizonsphere soil of the growing areas of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, the contents of available element (N,P,K,B,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn) in 26 soil samples were tested and evaluated. The results showed that the contents of available P and Fe were very plentiful, available K, Cu and Zn were rich, available N and Mn were deficient, available B was extremely deficient in all growing areas of S. miltiorrhiza of eight provinces in China.

Adrenergic DNA damage of embryonic pluripotent cells via β2 receptor signalling.

Embryonic pluripotent cells are sensitive to genotoxicity though they need more stringent genome integrity to avoid compromising multiple cell lineages and subsequent generations. However it remains unknown whether the cells are susceptible to adrenergic stress which can induce somatic cell genome lesion. We have revealed that adrenergic stress mediators cause DNA damage of the cells through the β2 adrenergic receptor/adenylate cyclase/cAMP/PKA signalling pathway involving an induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation.

[Characteristics of inorganic elements in Panacis Majoris Rhizoma and relationship with its Daodi habitat].

Objective: To investigate the Daodi habitat of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma by analyzing the characteristics of inorganic elements in Panacis Majoris Rhizoma from different habitats.

Methods: The contents of inorganic elements in Panacis Majoris Rhizoma from different habitats were determined by ICP-AES. The characteristics of inorganic elements in Panacis Majoris Rhizoma were analyzed by correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis.

[Influence of soil factors on quality of panacis majoris rhizoma].

Objective: To research and screen the soil factors which influenced the quality of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma.

Methods: By determining the effective constituent of saponin of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma from different habitats, and the soil nutrient and heavy metal content, using correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and other statistical methods to analyze the soil factors on the quality of Panacis Majoris Rhizoma.

Results: The contents of ginsenoside Ro and chikusetsusaponin NVa of samples from different habitats were different, the corresponding soil nutrient and heavy metal content were also different.

[Effect of licorice flavonoids on kainic acid-induced seizure in mice].

Objective: To investigate the effect of licorice flavonoid (LF) on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure in mice and its mechanism.

Methods: Male adult ICR mice were injected with 25 mg/kg KA to induce temporal lobe seizure. LF was administrated 7 d before seizure induction (pre-treatment) or 24 h after seizure induction (post-treatment) for 7 d.

β2-Adrenoreceptor-Mediated Proliferation Inhibition of Embryonic Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Adrenoreceptors (ARs) are widely expressed and play essential roles throughout the body. Different subtype adrenoceptors elicit distinct effects on cell proliferation, but knowledge remains scarce about the subtype-specific effects of β2-ARs on the proliferation of embryonic pluripotent stem (PS) cells that represent different characteristics of proliferation and cell cycle regulation with the somatic cells. Herein, we identified a β2-AR/AC/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in embryonic PS cells and found that the pathway stimulation inhibited proliferation and cell cycle progression involving modulating the stem cell growth and cycle regulatory machinery.

Simultaneous determination of the repertoire of classical neurotransmitters released from embryonal carcinoma stem cells using online microdialysis coupled with hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Dynamic, continuous, and simultaneous multi-analysis of transmitters is important for the delineation of the complex interactions between the neuronal and intercellular communications. But the analysis of the whole repertoire of classical transmitters of diverse structure is challenging due to their different physico-chemical properties and to their high polarity feature which leads to poor retention in traditional reversed-phase columns during LC-MS analysis. Here, an online microdialysis coupled with hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (online MD-HILIC-MS/MS) detection method was developed for the simultaneous measurement of the repertoire of classical transmitters (acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, glutamate, GABA, and glycine).

Non-neuronal release of gamma-aminobutyric Acid by embryonic pluripotent stem cells.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principle inhibitory transmitter in the mature central nervous system, is also involved in activities outside the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that functional GABA receptors are expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells and these receptors control ES cell proliferation. However, it is not clear whether ES cells have their own GABAergic transmission output machinery that can fulfill GABA release or whether the cells merely process the GABA receptors by receiving and responding to the diffused GABA released elsewhere.

[Clinical observation of icotinib hydrochloride for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To explore the efficacy and side effects of icotinib hydrochloride in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: The efficacy and side effects of icotinib hydrochloride in treatment of 59 cases with stage IV NSCIC and followed-up from March 2009 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Twenty seven patients (45.

[Effects of 5-azaC on methylation pattern of the perforin promoter of the perforin gene in normal human T cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of DNA hypomethylation on mRNA and protein expression of perforin promotor in T cells.

Methods: T cells were isolated from the peripheral venous blood of healthy donors by density gradient centrifugation. CD4(+) and CD8(+) subsets were isolated using Miltenyi beads and protocols provided by the manufacturer.